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US20030198587A1 Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Method for low-temperature organic chemical vapor deposition of tungsten nitride, tungsten nitride films and tungsten nitride diffusion barriers for computer interconnect metallization

Assignee: Gelest Inc
•
Filing: 2003-04-28
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Granted: —
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Expires: 2023-04-28
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Abstract

Abstract Processes for producing tungsten nitride and tungsten nitride films are provided in which a tungsten carbonyl compound and a nitrogen-containing reactant gas are reacted at a temperature below about 600° C. Tungsten nitride precursors are also included which comprise a tungsten carbonyl compound capable of forming a tungsten nitride film in the presence of a nitrogen-containing reactant gas at a temperature of less than about 600° C. A process for forming a film by atomic layer deposition is also provided which includes introducing into a substrate having a surface into a deposition chamber and heating the substrate to a temperature sufficient to allow adsorption of a tungsten source precursor or an intermediate of a tungsten source precursor, introducing a tungsten source precursor into the deposition chamber by pulsing for a period of time sufficient to form a self-limiting monolayer of the source precursor or an intermediate of the tungsten source precursor intermediate, introducing an inert gas into the deposition chamber by pulsing the inert gas to purge the deposition to remove the tungsten nitride precursor in the gas phase, introducing a nitrogen-containing gas into the deposition chamber by pulsing to react with the adsorbed precursor monolayer on the substrate surface and to form a first tungsten nitride atomic layer on the substrate surface. An inert gas may then introduced into the deposition chamber for a period of time sufficient to remove the unreacted nitrogen-containing gas and reaction byproducts from the deposition chamber. The entire pulsing sequence including precursor, inert gas, nitrogen-containing gas may be repeated until a film with a desired thickness is achieved.

Inventors

  • 👤 Alain Kaloyeros
  • 👤 Barry Arkles

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-11-09 01:30
CPC Classifications
B; B32; B32B; B32B9/00; C; C01; C01B; C01B21/00; C01B21/06; C01B21/0615; C01B21/062; C23; C23C; C23C16/00; C23C16/22; C23C16/30; C23C16/34; C01P; C01P2002/00; C01P2002/70; C01P2002/72; C01P2002/77; C01P2004/00; C01P2004/01; C01P2004/03; C01P2004/04; C01P2006/00; C01P2006/10; C01P2006/40

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 43
Claim 1
Independent Claim 27 words
1 . A process for the production of tungsten nitride comprising reacting a tungsten carbonyl compound with a nitrogen-containing gas at a temperature below about 600° C.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 27 words
1 . A process for the production of tungsten nitride comprising reacting a tungsten carbonyl compound with a nitrogen-containing gas at a temperature below about 600° C.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 20 words
2 . The process for production of tungsten nitride according to claim 1 , wherein the nitrogen-containing gas is ammonia.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 27 words
3 . The process for the production of tungsten nitride according to claim 1 , wherein the tungsten nitride has a formula WN x , wherein 0.1≦x≦2.0.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 29 words
4 . The process for the production of tungsten nitride according to claim 1 , further comprising reacting the tungsten carbonyl compound with ammonia in the presence of hydrogen.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 27 words
5 . The process for the production of tungsten nitride according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature is from about 200° C. to about 350° C.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 27 words
6 . The process for the production of tungsten nitride according to claim 5 , wherein the temperature is from about 200° C. to about 275° C.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 58 words
7 . The process for the production of tungsten nitride according to claim 1 , wherein the tungsten carbonyl compound is a compound according to formula (I): W(CO) (6−n) X n (I) wherein X is a two-electron donor or a ligand selected from the group consisting of ammonia, amine, carbonyl and halogen, and n is 0 or 1.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 29 words
8 . A process for the production of a tungsten nitride film comprising reacting a tungsten carbonyl compound with a nitrogen-containing gas at a temperature below about 600° C.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 29 words
8 . A process for the production of a tungsten nitride film comprising reacting a tungsten carbonyl compound with a nitrogen-containing gas at a temperature below about 600° C.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 76 words
9 . The process for the production of a tungsten nitride film according to claim 8 , wherein the nitrogen-containing gas is ammonia, and the process further comprises introducing the tungsten carbonyl into a deposition chamber having a substrate, wherein the substrate temperature is from about 200° C. to about 600° C., and introducing the ammonia into the deposition chamber separately from the tungsten carbonyl compound prior to reacting the tungsten carbonyl compound and the ammonia.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim 37 words
10 . The process for the production of a tungsten nitride film according to claim 9 , wherein the substrate temperature is from about 200° C. to about 275° C. and the tungsten nitride film is amorphous.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim 30 words
11 . The process for the production of a tungsten nitride film according to claim 8 , wherein the tungsten nitride film has a formula WN x , wherein 0.1≦x≦2.0.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim 58 words
12 . The process for the production of a tungsten nitride film according to claim 8 , wherein the tungsten carbonyl compound has the following formula (I): W(CO) (6−n) X n (I) wherein X is a two-electron donor or a ligand selected from the group consisting of ammonia, amine, carbonyl and halogen, and n is 0 or 1.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim 73 words
13 . A process for the chemical vapor deposition of a tungsten nitride film onto a substrate, comprising (a) introducing into a deposition chamber: (i) a substrate; (ii) a tungsten carbonyl compound in a vapor state; and (iii) at least one nitrogen-containing gas; and (b) maintaining a substrate temperature of from about 200° C. to about 600° C. for a period of time sufficient to deposit a tungsten nitride film on the substrate.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim 73 words
13 . A process for the chemical vapor deposition of a tungsten nitride film onto a substrate, comprising (a) introducing into a deposition chamber: (i) a substrate; (ii) a tungsten carbonyl compound in a vapor state; and (iii) at least one nitrogen-containing gas; and (b) maintaining a substrate temperature of from about 200° C. to about 600° C. for a period of time sufficient to deposit a tungsten nitride film on the substrate.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim 63 words
14 . The process for the chemical vapor deposition of a tungsten nitride film onto a substrate according to claim 13 , wherein the tungsten carbonyl compound has the following formula (I): W(CO) (6−n) X n (I) wherein X is a two-electron donor or a ligand selected from the group consisting of ammonia, amine, carbonyl and halogen, and n is 0 or 1.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim 29 words
15 . The process for the chemical vapor deposition of a tungsten nitride film onto a substrate according to claim 14 , wherein the nitrogen-containing reactant gas is ammonia.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim 30 words
16 . The process for the chemical vapor deposition of a tungsten nitride film onto a substrate according to claim 15 , further comprising introducing hydrogen to the deposition chamber.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim 35 words
17 . The process for the chemical vapor deposition of a tungsten nitride film onto a substrate according to claim 14 , wherein the substrate temperature is from about 200° C. to about 350° C.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim 35 words
18 . The process for the chemical vapor deposition of a tungsten nitride film onto a substrate according to claim 17 , wherein the substrate temperature is from about 200° C. to about 250° C.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim 39 words
19 . A tungsten nitride precursor comprising a tungsten carbonyl compound, wherein the precursor is capable of forming a tungsten nitride film in the presence of a nitrogen-containing reactant gas at a temperature of less than about 600° C.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim 39 words
19 . A tungsten nitride precursor comprising a tungsten carbonyl compound, wherein the precursor is capable of forming a tungsten nitride film in the presence of a nitrogen-containing reactant gas at a temperature of less than about 600° C.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim 52 words
20 . The tungsten nitride precursor according to claim 19 , wherein the tungsten carbonyl compound has the following formula (I): W(CO) (6−n) X n (I) wherein X is a two-electron donor or a ligand selected from the group consisting of ammonia, amine, carbonyl and halogen, and n is 0 or 1.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim 19 words
21 . The tungsten nitride precursor according to claim 20 , wherein the tungsten carbonyl compound is tungsten hexacarbonyl.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim 32 words
22 . A tungsten nitride film having an electrical resistance of less than about 600 μΩ/cm, wherein the film is a reaction product of a tungsten carbonyl compound and a nitrogen-containing gas.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim 32 words
22 . A tungsten nitride film having an electrical resistance of less than about 600 μΩ/cm, wherein the film is a reaction product of a tungsten carbonyl compound and a nitrogen-containing gas.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim 33 words
23 . The tungsten nitride film according to claim 22 , wherein the film is a reaction product of the tungsten carbonyl compound and the nitrogen-containing gas at temperatures below about 600° C.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim 25 words
24 . The tungsten nitride film according to claim 22 , wherein the nitrogen-containing gas is ammonia and the tungsten carbonyl compound is tungsten hexacarbonyl.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim 50 words
25 . A tungsten nitride coated substrate, comprising a substrate coated on at least one side with a tungsten nitride film, wherein the tungsten nitride film has an electrical resistance of less than about 600 μΩ/cm and is a reaction product of a tungsten carbonyl compound and a nitrogen-containing gas.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim 50 words
25 . A tungsten nitride coated substrate, comprising a substrate coated on at least one side with a tungsten nitride film, wherein the tungsten nitride film has an electrical resistance of less than about 600 μΩ/cm and is a reaction product of a tungsten carbonyl compound and a nitrogen-containing gas.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim 194 words
26 . A process for forming a film by atomic layer deposition, comprising (a) introducing into a deposition chamber a substrate having a surface and heating the substrate to a temperature sufficient to allow adsorption of a tungsten source precursor or an intermediate of a tungsten source precursor; (b) introducing a tungsten source precursor into the deposition chamber by pulsing the tungsten source precursor to expose the heated substrate surface to the tungsten source precursor for a period of time sufficient to form a self-limiting monolayer of the source precursor or an intermediate of the tungsten source precursor intermediate on the substrate surface; (c) introducing an inert gas into the deposition chamber by pulsing the inert gas to purge the deposition chamber with an inert gas for a period of time sufficient to remove the tungsten nitride precursor in the gas phase but without removing adsorbed precursor in the monolayer; (d) introducing a nitrogen-containing gas into the deposition chamber by pulsing the nitrogen-containing gas for a period of time sufficient to react with the adsorbed precursor monolayer on the substrate surface and to form a first tungsten nitride atomic layer on the substrate surface.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim 194 words
26 . A process for forming a film by atomic layer deposition, comprising (a) introducing into a deposition chamber a substrate having a surface and heating the substrate to a temperature sufficient to allow adsorption of a tungsten source precursor or an intermediate of a tungsten source precursor; (b) introducing a tungsten source precursor into the deposition chamber by pulsing the tungsten source precursor to expose the heated substrate surface to the tungsten source precursor for a period of time sufficient to form a self-limiting monolayer of the source precursor or an intermediate of the tungsten source precursor intermediate on the substrate surface; (c) introducing an inert gas into the deposition chamber by pulsing the inert gas to purge the deposition chamber with an inert gas for a period of time sufficient to remove the tungsten nitride precursor in the gas phase but without removing adsorbed precursor in the monolayer; (d) introducing a nitrogen-containing gas into the deposition chamber by pulsing the nitrogen-containing gas for a period of time sufficient to react with the adsorbed precursor monolayer on the substrate surface and to form a first tungsten nitride atomic layer on the substrate surface.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim 29 words
27 . The process for forming a film by atomic layer deposition according to claim 26 , wherein the precursor is a single source precursor in a vapor state.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim 24 words
28 . The process for forming a film by atomic layer deposition according to claim 26 , wherein the nitrogen-containing reactant gas is ammonia.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim 43 words
29 . The process for forming a film by atomic layer deposition according to claim 26 , further comprising (e) introducing an inert gas by pulsing the inert gas into the deposition chamber to purge the deposition chamber of the nitrogen-containing reactant gas.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim 35 words
30 . The process for forming a film by atomic layer deposition according to claim 29 , wherein steps (b) through (e) are repeated until a tungsten nitride film of a predetermined thickness is formed.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim 40 words
31 . The process for forming a film by atomic layer deposition according to claim 26 , wherein the precursor is a tungsten carbonyl compound, the reactant is a nitrogen-containing reactant gas and the film is a tungsten nitride film.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim 42 words
32 . The process for forming a film by atomic layer deposition according to claim 26 , wherein the tungsten source precursor is pulsed into the deposition chamber using at least one of a pressure-based delivery system and a temperature-based delivery system.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim 36 words
33 . The process for forming a film by atomic layer deposition according to claim 26 , wherein the inert gas is introduced into the deposition chamber using a mass flow controller or a valving system.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim 30 words
34 . The process for forming a film by atomic layer deposition according to claim 26 , wherein the precursor is pulsed into the deposition chamber with a transport gas.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim 33 words
35 . The process for forming a film by atomic layer deposition according to claim 26 , wherein a substrate temperature of the substrate is from about 50° C. to about 450° C.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim 30 words
36 . The process for forming a film by atomic layer deposition according to claim 26 , wherein the substrate temperature is from about 100° C. to about 275° C.

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