US6134461A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Electrochemical analyte
Assignee: Abbott Diabetes Care Inc
•
Filing: 1998-03-04
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Granted: 2000-10-17
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Expires: 2018-03-04
Abstract
Abstract An electrochemical analyte sensor formed using conductive traces on a substrate can be used for determining and/or monitoring a level of analyte in in vitro or in vivo analyte-containing fluids. For example, an implantable sensor may be used for the continuous or automatic monitoring of a level of an analyte, such as glucose, lactate, or oxygen, in a patient. The electrochemical analyte sensor includes a substrate and conductive material disposed on the substrate, the conductive material forming a working electrode. In some sensors, the conductive material is disposed in recessed channels formed in a surface of the sensor. An electron transfer agent and/or catalyst may be provided to facilitate the electrolysis of the analyte or of a second compound whose level depends on the level of the analyte. A potential is formed between the working electrode and a reference electrode or counter/reference electrode and the resulting current is a function of the concentration of the analyte in the body fluid.
Inventors
- 👤 James Say
- 👤 Michael F. Tomasco
- 👤 Adam Heller
- 👤 Yoram Gal
- 👤 Behrad Aria
- 👤 Ephraim Heller
- 👤 Phillip John Plante
- 👤 Mark S. Vreeke
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 13:33
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61B; A61B5/00; A61B5/145; A61B5/14532; A61B5/01; A61B5/14542; A61B5/14546; A61B5/1468; A61B5/1473; A61B5/14735; A61B5/1486; A61B5/14865; C; C12; C12Q; C12Q1/00; C12Q1/001; C12Q1/005; C12Q1/006
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 33
Claim 1
Independent Claim
54 words
An analyte responsive electrochemical sensor comprising a working electrode and a mass transport limiting membrane, which mass transport limiting membrane maintains a rate of permeation of the analyte through the mass transport limiting membrane with a variation of no more than 3% per ° C. at temperatures ranging from 30° C. to 40° C.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
54 words
An analyte responsive electrochemical sensor comprising a working electrode and a mass transport limiting membrane, which mass transport limiting membrane maintains a rate of permeation of the analyte through the mass transport limiting membrane with a variation of no more than 3% per ° C. at temperatures ranging from 30° C. to 40° C.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
37 words
The electrochemical sensor of claim 1, wherein a rate of permeation of the analyte through the mass transport limiting layer varies by no more than 1% per °C. for temperatures ranging from 30° C. to 40° C.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electrochemical sensor of claim 1, wherein the mass transport limiting layer comprises a membrane having a plurality of track etched pores.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
32 words
The electrochemical sensor of claim 1, wherein the mass transport limiting layer absorbs 5 wt. % or less of water at 37° C. when in contact with interstitial fluid for 24 hours.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
39 words
An electrochemical sensor, comprising: a substrate; and a working electrode disposed on the substrate, the working electrode comprising a carbon material and having a width along at least a portion of the working electrode of 150 μm or less.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
39 words
An electrochemical sensor, comprising: a substrate; and a working electrode disposed on the substrate, the working electrode comprising a carbon material and having a width along at least a portion of the working electrode of 150 μm or less.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
26 words
The electrochemical sensor of claim 5, further comprising a catalyst for catalyzing a reaction of an analyte, the catalyst being disposed proximate to the working electrode.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electrochemical sensor of claim 6, wherein the catalyst is disposed on the working electrode.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
The electrochemical sensor of claim 6, further comprising an electron transfer agent disposed on the working electrode.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electrochemical sensor of claim 8, wherein at least a portion of the catalyst is in contact with the electron transfer agent.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
16 words
The electrochemical sensor of claim 6, wherein the catalyst is nonleachably disposed within the electrochemical sensor.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electrochemical sensor of claim 6, wherein the catalyst is immobilized within the electrochemical sensor.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
12 words
The electrochemical sensor of claim 6, wherein the catalyst comprises an enzyme.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electrochemical sensor of claim 12, wherein the enzyme is an oxidase or a dehydrogenase.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electrochemical sensor of claim 13, wherein the analyte is glucose and the enzyme is oligosaccharide dehydrogenase, PQQ-glucose dehydrogenase, or glucose oxidase.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
26 words
The electrochemical sensor of claim 6, further comprising a second catalyst for catalyzing a reaction of a product compound formed in the reaction of the analyte.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
20 words
The electrochemical sensor of claim 15, wherein the product compound comprises hydrogen peroxide and the second catalyst comprises a peroxidase.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
11 words
The electrochemical sensor of claim 5, wherein the substrate is flexible.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
23 words
The electrochemical sensor of claim 5, wherein a width along at least a portion of the working electrode is 75 μm or less.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
23 words
The electrochemical sensor of claim 5, wherein a width along at least a portion of the working electrode is 25 μm or less.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
11 words
The electrochemical sensor of claim 5, wherein the substrate is flexible.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
30 words
The electrochemical sensor of claim 5, further comprising a second electrode disposed next to the working electrode, the second electrode and working electrode being disposed 150 μm or less apart.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
23 words
The electrochemical sensor of claim 5, wherein the working electrode is disposed in a recessed channel formed on a surface of the substrate.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
31 words
The electrochemical sensor of claim 5, wherein the working electrode is formed by transferring, to the substrate, carbon material electrically attracted to a drum in an image of the working electrode.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
31 words
The electrochemical sensor of claim 5, wherein the working electrode is formed by transferring, to the substrate, carbon material magnetically attracted to a drum in an image of the working electrode.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
27 words
The electrochemical sensor of claim 5, wherein the working electrode is formed by transferring the carbon material from a film onto the substrate using a print head.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
19 words
The electrochemical sensor of claim 5, wherein the working electrode is formed by ejecting carbon material onto the substrate.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
42 words
The electrochemical sensor of claim 5, wherein the working electrode is formed by depositing a curable coating on the substrate, curing portions of the curable coating to form a channel, and depositing carbon material in the channel to form the working electrode.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
66 words
An electrochemical sensor, comprising: a substrate; a conductive material disposed on the substrate to form a working electrode; catalyst dispersed in the conductive material, the catalyst catalyzing a reaction of the analyte to generate a signal at the working electrode; and a binder dispersed in the conductive material wherein the binder is cured so that the catalyst and conductive material are non-leachably disposed on the substrate.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
66 words
An electrochemical sensor, comprising: a substrate; a conductive material disposed on the substrate to form a working electrode; catalyst dispersed in the conductive material, the catalyst catalyzing a reaction of the analyte to generate a signal at the working electrode; and a binder dispersed in the conductive material wherein the binder is cured so that the catalyst and conductive material are non-leachably disposed on the substrate.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
85 words
An implantable electrochemical sensor, comprising: a substrate having a longitudinal axis with a narrow distal region that is configured and arranged for implantation into an animal and a wider proximal region that extends in a single lateral direction from the longitudinal axis; at least one working electrode disposed on the narrow distal region of the substrate; and at least one contact pad disposed on the wider proximal region of the substrate and in electrical communication with a one of the at least one working electrodes.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
85 words
An implantable electrochemical sensor, comprising: a substrate having a longitudinal axis with a narrow distal region that is configured and arranged for implantation into an animal and a wider proximal region that extends in a single lateral direction from the longitudinal axis; at least one working electrode disposed on the narrow distal region of the substrate; and at least one contact pad disposed on the wider proximal region of the substrate and in electrical communication with a one of the at least one working electrodes.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2003-10-17 | 2004-04-17 | 2004-10-17 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2007-10-17 | 2008-04-17 | 2008-10-17 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2011-10-17 | 2012-04-17 | 2012-10-17 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |