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Patent US4904762A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4904762A
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Toner compositions with charge enhancing additives
Assignee: Xerox Corp
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Filing: 1989-08-21
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Granted: 1990-02-27
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Expires: 2009-08-21
Abstract
Abstract A toner composition comprised of resin, pigment, and a mixture of charge enhancing additives comprised of a first additive of distearyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, and a second additive comprised of a tetraalkyl ammonium bisulfate.
Inventors
- 👤 Hui Chang
- 👤 John R. Laing
- 👤 Maria E. McCall
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 09:46
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/097; G03G9/09733; G03G9/09741
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 45
Claim 1
Independent Claim
32 words
A toner composition comprised of resin, pigment, and a mixture of charge enhancing additives comprised of a first additive of quaternary ammonium salts and a second additive of an alkyl ammonium bisulfate.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
32 words
A toner composition comprised of resin, pigment, and a mixture of charge enhancing additives comprised of a first additive of quaternary ammonium salts and a second additive of an alkyl ammonium bisulfate.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
35 words
A toner composition comprised of resin, pigment, and a mixture of charge enhancing additives comprised of a first additive of distearyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, and a second additive comprised of a tetraalkyl ammonium bisulfate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
35 words
A toner composition comprised of resin, pigment, and a mixture of charge enhancing additives comprised of a first additive of distearyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, and a second additive comprised of a tetraalkyl ammonium bisulfate.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
53 words
A positively charged toner composition comprised of resin particles, pigment particles, and a mixture of charge enhancing additives comprised of a first additive of distearyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, and a second additive selected from the group consisting of distearyl dimethyl ammonium bisulfate, tetramethyl ammonium bisulfate, tetraethyl ammonium bisulfate, and tetrabutyl ammonium bisulfate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
53 words
A positively charged toner composition comprised of resin particles, pigment particles, and a mixture of charge enhancing additives comprised of a first additive of distearyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, and a second additive selected from the group consisting of distearyl dimethyl ammonium bisulfate, tetramethyl ammonium bisulfate, tetraethyl ammonium bisulfate, and tetrabutyl ammonium bisulfate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
44 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 2 wherein the first additive is present in an amount of from about 0.05 to about 1 weight percent, and the second additive is present in an amount of from about 0.05 to about 1 weight percent.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
34 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 2 wherein the first additive is present in an amount of about 0.2 and the second additive is present in an amount of about 0.1 weight percent.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
17 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 2 wherein the additive mixture is incorporated into the toner.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
21 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 2 wherein the additive mixture is present on the surface of the toner composition.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
30 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 2 wherein the first additive is functioning primarily as a charge additive, and the second additive is functioning as an admix control component.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
20 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 2 with an admix time of from about 10 to about 60 seconds.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
19 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 2 with an admix time of from less than about 15 seconds.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
22 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 2 with a triboelectric charge of from about 10 to about 40 microcoulombs per gram.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
20 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 2 wherein a colloidal silica is treated with the charge enhancing additive mixture.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
21 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 2 wherein the resin particles are comprised of styrene polymers, polyesters, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
22 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 2 wherein the resin particles are comprised of styrene acrylates, styrene methacrylates, or styrene butadienes.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
25 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 2 containing a wax component with a weight average molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 6,000.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
22 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 15 wherein the waxy component is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene and polypropylene.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
23 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 2 containing as external additives metal salts of a fatty acid, colloidal silicas, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
29 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 2 wherein the pigment particles are carbon black, magnetites, or mixtures thereof; cyan, magenta, yellow, red, blue, green, brown, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
14 words
A developer composition comprised of the toner composition of claim 1 and carrier particles.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
14 words
A developer composition comprised of the toner composition of claim 2 and carrier particles.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
14 words
A developer composition comprised of the toner composition of claim 3 and carrier particles.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
21 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 21 wherein the carrier particles are comprised of ferrites, steel, or an iron powder.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
22 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 21 wherein the carrier particles are comprised of a core with a polymer coating thereover.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
36 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 23 wherein the coating is comprised of a methyl terpolymer, a polyvinylidine fluoride, a polymethyl methacrylate, or a mixture of polymers not in close proximity in the triboelectric series.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
34 words
A method of imaging which comprises formulating an electrostatic latent image on a photoreceptor, affecting development thereof with the toner composition of claim 1, and thereafter transferring the developed image to a suitable substrate.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 25 wherein the transferred image is permanently fixed to the substrate.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
36 words
A method of imaging which comprises formulating an electrostatic latent image on a negatively charged photoreceptor, affecting development thereof with the toner composition of claim 3, and thereafter transferring the developed image to a suitable substrate.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 27 wherein the transferred image is permanently fixed to the substrate.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
22 words
A single component positively charged toner composition comprised of resin particles, magnetite components, and the charge enhancing additive mixture of claim 1.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
22 words
A single component positively charged toner composition comprised of resin particles, magnetite components, and the charge enhancing additive mixture of claim 2.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
22 words
A single component positively charged toner composition comprised of resin particles, magnetite components, and the charge enhancing additive mixture of claim 3.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
38 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 3 wherein the first charge enhancing additive is present in an amount of 0.22 weight percent, and the second charge enhancing additive is present in an amount of 0.05 weight percent.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
27 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 32 wherein the first additive is distearyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, and the second additive is distearyl dimethyl ammonium bisulfate.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
44 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 3 wherein the first additive is present in an amount of from about 0.05 to about 1 weight percent, and the second additive is present in an amount of from about 0.05 to about 1 weight percent.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
36 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 3 wherein the first additive is present in an amount of about 0.2 weight percent, and the second additive is present in an amount of about 0.1 weight percent.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
20 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 3 with an admix time of from about 10 to about 60 seconds.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
19 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 3 with an admix time of from less than about 15 seconds.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
20 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 3 wherein a colloidal silica is treated with the charge enhancing additive mixture.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
21 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 3 wherein the resin particles are comprised of styrene polymers, polyesters, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
25 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 3 containing a wax component with a weight average molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 6,000.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
28 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the alkyl ammonium bisulfate is of the formula (R 4 N)+(HSO 4 )-, wherein R is an alkyl substituent.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
28 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 2 wherein the alkyl ammonium bisulfate is of the formula (R 4 N)+(HSO 4 )-, wherein R is an alkyl substituent.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1993-02-26 | 1993-08-28 | 1994-02-27 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1997-02-26 | 1997-08-28 | 1998-02-27 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2001-02-26 | 2001-08-28 | 2002-02-27 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |