US4291112A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Modification of pigment charge characteristics
Assignee: Xerox Corp
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Filing: 1978-09-11
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Granted: 1981-09-22
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Expires: 1998-09-11
Abstract
Abstract A toner composition comprised of a resin and a pigment coated with a nitrogen containing compound thereby causing a change in the charge characteristics of the pigment, the nitrogen containing compound being selected from the group consisting of (a) quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, hydrocarbon radicals containing from 1 to about 22 carbon atoms, or mixtures thereof, and A is an anion selected from sulfate, sulfonate, nitrate, borate, chlorate, and halogen; (b) primary, secondary, or tertiary amines of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R is an aliphatic radical containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, and R 1 and R 2 are hydrocarbon radicals containing from 1 to about 22 carbon atoms; and (c) an alkyl pyridinium compound, and its hydrates.
Inventors
- 👤 Chin H. Lu
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 23:15
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/097; G03G9/09733; G03G9/09758; G03G9/09741; G03G9/09775
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
132 words
A positively charged dry electrophotographic developer composition comprised of a resin, a carrier, and as a pigment carbon black precoated with a nitrogen containing compound, the nitrogen containing compound being selected from the group consisting of (a) quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula: ##STR6## wherein R is hydrogen, hydrocarbon radicals containing from 1 to about 22 carbon atoms, or mixtures thereof, and A is an anion selected from sulfate, sulfonate, nitrate, borate, chlorate, and halogen; (b) primary, secondary, or tertiary amines of the formula: ##STR7## wherein R is an aliphatic radical containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, and R 1 and R 2 are hydrocarbon radicals containing from 1 to about 22 carbon atoms; and (c) an alkyl pyridinium compound, whereby the coated carbon black pigment is positively charged.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
132 words
A positively charged dry electrophotographic developer composition comprised of a resin, a carrier, and as a pigment carbon black precoated with a nitrogen containing compound, the nitrogen containing compound being selected from the group consisting of (a) quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula: ##STR6## wherein R is hydrogen, hydrocarbon radicals containing from 1 to about 22 carbon atoms, or mixtures thereof, and A is an anion selected from sulfate, sulfonate, nitrate, borate, chlorate, and halogen; (b) primary, secondary, or tertiary amines of the formula: ##STR7## wherein R is an aliphatic radical containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, and R 1 and R 2 are hydrocarbon radicals containing from 1 to about 22 carbon atoms; and (c) an alkyl pyridinium compound, whereby the coated carbon black pigment is positively charged.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
31 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the hydrocarbon radical on the quaternary ammonium compound is methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, isobutyl, tertiary butyl, pentyl, ethylene, propylene, butylene or hexene.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
47 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the amine compound is of the formula: ##STR8## wherein R is an aliphatic radical containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, R 1 and R 2 are hydrocarbon radicals containing from 1 to 22 carbon atoms.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the quaternary ammonium compound is tetraethyl ammonium bromide.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
17 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the quaternary ammonium compound is tetrabutyl ammonium chloride.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the quaternary ammonium compound is stearyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
17 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the alkyl pyridinium compound is cetyl pyridinium chloride.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
27 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the carrier is selected from perfluoroalkoxy fluoropolymer coated steel carrier or a vinylidene fluoride resin coated steel carrier.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
38 words
A method of imaging comprising forming an electrostatic latent image on a photoreceptor contacting the image with the compositions of claim 1 and subsequently transferring the developed image to a permanent substrate and permanently affixing the image thereto.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
30 words
A method in accordance with claim 9 wherein the hydrocarbon radical on the quaternary ammonium compound is methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, isobutyl, tertiary butyl, pentyl, ethylene, propylene, butylene or hexene.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
46 words
A method in accordance with claim 9 wherein the amine compound is of the formula: ##STR9## wherein R is an aliphatic radical containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, R 1 and R 2 are hydrocarbon radicals containing from 1 to 22 carbon atoms.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method in accordance with claim 9 wherein the quaternary ammonium compound is tetrabutyl ammonium chloride.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method in accordance with claim 9 wherein the quaternary ammonium compound is stearyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method in accordance with claim 9 wherein the alkyl pyridinium compound is cetyl pyridinium chloride.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method in accordance with claim 9 wherein the carrier is selected from perfluoroalkoxy fluoropolymer coated steel carrier or a vinylidene fluoride resin coated steel carrier.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
48 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the alkyl pyridinium compound is of the formula: ##STR10## wherein R is a hydrocarbon radical containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms and A is an anion selected from halides, bromine, iodine, sulfate, sulfonate, nitrate and borate.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
47 words
A method in accordance with claim 9 wherein the alkyl pyridium compound is of the formula ##STR11## wherein R is a hydrocarbon radical containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms and A is an anion selected from halides, bromine, iodine, sulfate, sulfonate, nitrate and borate.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
33 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the amount of nitrogen containing compound ranges from about 1 part to about 50 parts per weight per 100 parts per weight of pigment.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
33 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the amount of nitrogen containing compound ranges from about 5 to about 20 parts per weight to about 100 parts per weight of pigment.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
25 words
A positively charged dry electrophotographic developer composition comprised of a resin, a carrier, and as a pigment, carbon black coated with an alkyl substituted imidazoline.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
25 words
A positively charged dry electrophotographic developer composition comprised of a resin, a carrier, and as a pigment, carbon black coated with an alkyl substituted imidazoline.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
39 words
A method of imaging comprising forming an electrostatic latent image on a photoreceptor, contacting the image with the developer composition of claim 20, and subsequently transferring the developed image to a permanent substrate, and permanently affixing the image thereto.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-09-21 | 1985-03-23 | 1985-09-22 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-09-21 | 1989-03-23 | 1989-09-22 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-09-21 | 1993-03-23 | 1993-09-22 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |