US4820604A
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Toner and developer compositions with sulfur cotaining organopolysiloxane waxes
Assignee: Xerox Corp
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Filing: 1987-10-01
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Granted: 1989-04-11
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Expires: 2007-10-01
Abstract
Abstract A toner composition comprised of resin particles, pigment particles, and a sulfur containing organopolysiloxane wax, such as those with (1) at least three mole percent of siloxane units of the formula ##STR1## (2) at least one mole percent of siloxane units selected from the formulas ##STR2## (3) from 0 to 96 mole percent of siloxane units have the formula ##EQU1## where R is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R 1 is an alkyl radical linked to silicon with an SiC-bond which has at an average of least 25 carbon atoms, R 2 is a multivalent radical selected from a hydrocarbon radical having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms and which radical is free of aliphatic unsaturation, a hydrocarbon ether or a hydrocarbon thioether, a is an integer of from 0 to 2, b is an integer of 1 or 2, c is an integer of 1 or 2, d is an integer of from 0 to 2, e is an integer of from 0 to 3, and the sum of a+bis 1,2 or 3, and and the sum of c+d is 1,2 or 3.
Inventors
- 👤 Richard D. Manca
- 👤 Angelo J. Barbetta
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 12:49
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/087; G03G9/08742; G03G9/08773
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 33
Claim 1
Independent Claim
19 words
A toner composition comprised of resin particles, pigment particles, and an effective amount of a sulfur containing organopolysiloxane wax.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
19 words
A toner composition comprised of resin particles, pigment particles, and an effective amount of a sulfur containing organopolysiloxane wax.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
194 words
A toner composition comprised of resin particles, pigment particles, and an effective amount of a sulfur containing organopolysiloxane wax comprised of: (1) at least three mole percent of siloxane units of the formula ##STR9## (2) at least one mole percent of siloxane units selected from the formulas ##STR10## (3) from 0 to 96 mole percent of siloxane units have the formula ##EQU4## where R is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R 1 is an alkyl radical linked to silicon with an SiC-bond which has at an average of least 25 carbon atoms, R 2 is a multivalent radical selected from a hydrocarbon radical having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms and which radical is free of aliphatic unsaturation, a hydrocarbon ether or a hydrocarbon thioether, a is an integer of from 0 to 2, b is an integer of 1 or 2, c is an integer of 1 or 2, d is an integer of from 0 to 2, e is an integer of from 0 to 3, and the sum of a+b is 1, 2 or 3, and the sum of c+d is 1, 2 or 3.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
194 words
A toner composition comprised of resin particles, pigment particles, and an effective amount of a sulfur containing organopolysiloxane wax comprised of: (1) at least three mole percent of siloxane units of the formula ##STR9## (2) at least one mole percent of siloxane units selected from the formulas ##STR10## (3) from 0 to 96 mole percent of siloxane units have the formula ##EQU4## where R is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R 1 is an alkyl radical linked to silicon with an SiC-bond which has at an average of least 25 carbon atoms, R 2 is a multivalent radical selected from a hydrocarbon radical having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms and which radical is free of aliphatic unsaturation, a hydrocarbon ether or a hydrocarbon thioether, a is an integer of from 0 to 2, b is an integer of 1 or 2, c is an integer of 1 or 2, d is an integer of from 0 to 2, e is an integer of from 0 to 3, and the sum of a+b is 1, 2 or 3, and the sum of c+d is 1, 2 or 3.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the wax is present as an internal additive.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
17 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the wax is present as an external additive.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
29 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the resin particles are selected from the group consisting of polyesters, styrene butadiene copolymers, styrene acrylates, and styrene methacrylate copolymers.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
21 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 5 wherein the polyester results from the condensation reaction of dimethylterephthalate, 1,3-butanediol, and pentaerythritol.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
27 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 5 wherein the styrene butadiene copolymer contains 89 percent by weight of styrene, and 11 percent by weight of butadiene.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 5 wherein there is selected a suspension polymerized styrene butadiene.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
24 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the pigment is selected from the group consisting of carbon black, magnetite and mixtures thereof.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
13 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the pigment is magnetite.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
24 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the pigment is selected from the group consisting of magenta, cyan, yellow, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
17 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the toner contains therein a charge enhancing additive.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
34 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein the charge enhancing additive is selected from the group consisting of distearyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, cetyl pyridinium halides, and stearyl phenethyl dimethyl ammonium tosylate.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
27 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the sulfur wax is present in an amount of from about 3 to about 5 percent by weight.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
18 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the wax is uniformly dispersed in the toner composition.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
14 words
A developer composition comprised of the toner composition of claim 1, and carrier particles.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
14 words
A developer composition comprised of the toner composition of claim 2, and carrier particles.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
14 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 17 wherein the carrier particles are coated.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
45 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 18 wherein the carrier particles are comprised of a steel core coated with a polymer selected from the group consisting of polychlorotrifluoroethylene-co-vinylchloride copolymer, a polyvinylidene fluoropolymer, a terpolymer of styrene, methacrylate, and vinyltriethoxysilane, fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymers, and polytetrafluoroethylene.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
33 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 18 wherein the resin particles for the toner composition are selected from the group consisting of polyesters, styrene butadiene copolymers, strene acrylates, and styrene methacrylate copolymers.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
21 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 20 wherein the polyester results from the condensation reaction of dimethylterephthalate, 1,3-butanediol, and pentaerythritol.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
27 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 20 wherein the styrene butadiene copolymer contains 89 percent by weight of styrene, and 11 percent by weight of butadiene.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
18 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 20 wherein there is selected a suspension polymerized styrene butadiene resin.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
27 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 18 wherein the pigment for the toner is selected from the group consisting of carbon black, magnetite, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
27 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 18 wherein the pigment for the toner is selected from the group consisting of magenta, cyan, yellow, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
16 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 18 wherein the toner contains a charge enhancing additive.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
34 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 26 wherein the charge enhancing additive is selected from the group consisting of distearyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, cetyl pyridinium halides, and stearyl phenethyl dimethyl ammonium tosylate.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
38 words
A method of imaging which comprises forming a latent image on a photoconductive member; thereafter developing the image with the composition of claim 1; subsequently transferring the image to a suitable substrate; and permanently affixing the image thereto.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
38 words
A method of imaging which comprises forming a latent image on a photoconductive member; thereafter developing the image with the composition of claim 2; subsequently transferring the image to a suitable substrate; and permanently affixing the image thereto.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 28 wherein a silicone fuser roll is selected for affixing the image.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 29 wherein a silicone fuser roll is selected for affixing the image.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1992-04-10 | 1992-10-10 | 1993-04-11 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1996-04-10 | 1996-10-10 | 1997-04-11 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2000-04-10 | 2000-10-10 | 2001-04-11 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |