US4859550A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Smear resistant magnetic image character recognition processes
Assignee: Xerox Corp
•
Filing: 1988-09-02
•
Granted: 1989-08-22
•
Expires: 2008-09-02
Abstract
Abstract An electrophotographic process which comprises the generation of latent image; developing the image with a toner composition comprised of resin particles, magnetite particles, and an additive component comprised of an aliphatic hydrocarbon or a polymeric alcohol of the formula CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.n CH.sub.2 OH wherein n is a number of from about 30 to about 500; and subsequently providing the developed image with magnetic ink characters thereon to a reader/sorter device whereby toner offsetting and image smearing is minimized in said device.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert J. Gruber
- 👤 Raphael F. Bov
- 👤 Thomas D. Cometa
- 👤 Paul W. Eakin
- 👤 John S. Berkes
- 👤 Bernard Grushkin
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 07:51
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G13/00; G03G13/06; G03G13/08; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/087; G03G9/08775; G03G9/08782; G03G9/097; G03G9/09733
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 52
Claim 1
Independent Claim
82 words
An electrophotographic process which comprises the generation of a latent image; developing the image with a toner composition comprised of resin particles, magnetite particles, and an additive component comprised of an aliphatic hydrocarbon or a polymeric alcohol of the formula (CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.n CH.sub.2 OH wherein n is a number of from about 30 to about 500; and subsequently providing the developed image with magnetic ink characters thereon to a reader/sorter device whereby toner offsetting and image smearing is minimized in said device.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
82 words
An electrophotographic process which comprises the generation of a latent image; developing the image with a toner composition comprised of resin particles, magnetite particles, and an additive component comprised of an aliphatic hydrocarbon or a polymeric alcohol of the formula (CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.n CH.sub.2 OH wherein n is a number of from about 30 to about 500; and subsequently providing the developed image with magnetic ink characters thereon to a reader/sorter device whereby toner offsetting and image smearing is minimized in said device.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
88 words
An electrophotographic process which comprises the generation of a latent image in an electronic printing MICR apparatus; thereafter developing the image with a toner composition comprised of resin particles, magnetite particles, and an aliphatic hydrocarbon, or an additive component comprised of polymeric alcohol of the formula CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.n CH.sub.2 OH wherein n is a number of from about 30 to about 500; and subsequently providing the developed image with magnetic ink characters thereon to a reader/sorter device whereby toner offsetting and image smearing is minimized in said device.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
88 words
An electrophotographic process which comprises the generation of a latent image in an electronic printing MICR apparatus; thereafter developing the image with a toner composition comprised of resin particles, magnetite particles, and an aliphatic hydrocarbon, or an additive component comprised of polymeric alcohol of the formula CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.n CH.sub.2 OH wherein n is a number of from about 30 to about 500; and subsequently providing the developed image with magnetic ink characters thereon to a reader/sorter device whereby toner offsetting and image smearing is minimized in said device.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the toner composition contains pigment particles.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process in accordance with claim 2 wherein the toner composition contains pigment particles.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
43 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the toner composition contains magnetite particles in an amount of from about 30 to about 70 percent by weight, and pigment particles in an amount of from about 2 to about 10 percent by weight.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
43 words
A process in accordance with claim 2 wherein the toner composition contains magnetite particles in an amount of from about 30 to about 70 percent by weight, and pigment particles in an amount of from about 2 to about 10 percent by weight.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process in accordance with claims 1 or 2 wherein a soft roll fuser is selected for affixing the developed latent images.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process in accordance with claims 1 or 2 wherein n is a number of from about 30 to about 300.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process in accordance with claims 1 or 2 wherein the polymeric alcohol wax has a number average molecular weight of from about 475 to about 1,400.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process in accordance with claims 1 or 2 wherein the polymeric alcohol wax has a number average molecular weight of from about 475 to about 750.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process in accordance with claims 1 or 2 wherein the polymeric alcohol is present as an internal component.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
31 words
A process in accordance with claims 1 or 2 wherein the polymeric alcohol is present in an amount of from about 1 percent by weight to about 20 percent by weight.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
31 words
A process in accordance with claims 1 or 2 wherein the resin particles are selected from the group consisting of polyesters, styrene butadiene copolymers, styrene acrylate copolymers, and styrene methacrylate copolymers.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process in accordance with claim 13 wherein the styrene butadiene copolymer contains 91 percent by weight of styrene, and 9 percent by weight of butadiene.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process in accordance with claims 1 or 2 wherein the magnetite is present in an amount of from about 30 to about 70 percent by weight.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process in accordance with claims 1 or 2 wherein the magnetite is acicular and is present in an amount of from about 15 to about 40 percent by weight.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process in accordance with claims 1 or 2 wherein the magnetite is cubic and is present in an amount of from about 50 to about 60 percent by weight.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process in accordance with claims 1 or 2 wherein the toner composition contains a charge enhancing additive.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process in accordance with claim 18 wherein the charge enhancing additive is selected from the group consisting of distearyl dimethyl ammonium methylsulfate, cetyl pyridinium halides, and stearyl phenethyl dimethyl ammonium tosylates.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process in accordance with claim 18 wherein the charge enhancing additive is selected from the group consisting of Spilon TRH, or a potassium tetraphenyl borate.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process in accordance with claim 18 wherein the charge enhancing additive is present in an amount of from about 0.05 percent by weight to about less than 5 percent by weight.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
96 words
A process for processing personal checks which comprises generating images in an electronic printing device; developing the images with a developer composition comprised of a toner containing resin particles having dispersed therein pigment particles, and a component comprised of polymeric alcohols of the formula CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.n CH.sub.2 OH wherein n is a number of from about 30 to about 500, and carrier particles; transferring the images to a substrate; fusing the images thereto; and subsequently providing the checks with magnetic ink characters thereon to a reader/sorter device whereby toner offsetting and image smearing is substantially avoided.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
96 words
A process for processing personal checks which comprises generating images in an electronic printing device; developing the images with a developer composition comprised of a toner containing resin particles having dispersed therein pigment particles, and a component comprised of polymeric alcohols of the formula CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.n CH.sub.2 OH wherein n is a number of from about 30 to about 500, and carrier particles; transferring the images to a substrate; fusing the images thereto; and subsequently providing the checks with magnetic ink characters thereon to a reader/sorter device whereby toner offsetting and image smearing is substantially avoided.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process in accordance with claim 22 wherein the resulting checks are utilized in the IBM 3890 or NCR 6780 reader/sorter device, and wherein image smearing and image offsetting is substantially avoided.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
33 words
A process in accordance with claim 22 wherein the resulting checks are utilized in a reader/sorter device, and wherein image smearing and image offsetting to the read and write heads is substantially avoided.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process in accordance with claim 22 wherein the resulting checks are utilized in a reader/sorter device, and wherein image smearing and image offsetting to a protective foil present on the read and write heads is avoided.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process in accordance with claim 22 wherein the reject rate in the reader/sorter device is less than one half of one percent.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
89 words
A xerographic process which comprises generating latent images with high or low speed electronic printing devices; thereafter developing the image with a developed composition comprised of a toner composition containing resin particles, magnetite particles, and a component comprised of aliphatic hydrocarbons, or polymeric alcohols of the formula (CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.n CH.sub.2 OH wherein n is a number of from about 30 to about 500, and carrier particles; and subsequently providing the checks with magnetic ink characters thereon to a reader/sorter device whereby toner offsetting and image smearing is substantially avoided.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
89 words
A xerographic process which comprises generating latent images with high or low speed electronic printing devices; thereafter developing the image with a developed composition comprised of a toner composition containing resin particles, magnetite particles, and a component comprised of aliphatic hydrocarbons, or polymeric alcohols of the formula (CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.n CH.sub.2 OH wherein n is a number of from about 30 to about 500, and carrier particles; and subsequently providing the checks with magnetic ink characters thereon to a reader/sorter device whereby toner offsetting and image smearing is substantially avoided.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process in accordance with claim 27 wherein the carrier particles contain a polymeric coating thereover.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
50 words
A process in accordance with claim 28 wherein the carrier particles are comprised of a steel or a ferrite core with a coating thereover selected from the group consisting of polychlorotrifluoroethylene-covinylchloride copolymer, a polyvinylidene fluoropolymer, or a terpolymer of styrene, methacrylate, and an organo silane, fluorinated ethylenepropylene copolymers, and polytetrafluoroethylene.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process in accordance with claim 28 wherein the toner contains a charge enhancing additive.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process in accordance with claim 30 wherein the charge enhancing additive is distearyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
43 words
A process in accordance with claims 1 or 2 wherein the read/write heads are free of image smearing after the documents generated are passed through a magnetic ink character recognition sorter, and the reject rate is less than one half of one percent.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process in accordance with claim 28 wherein toner offsetting is avoided after the documents generated are passed through a magnetic ink character recognition sorter.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
116 words
A process which comprises the formation of a latent image on a photoconductive member in an electronic imaging apparatus; developing the image with a toner composition comprised of resin particles having dispersed therein magnetitie particles, and a component comprised of aliphatic hydrocarbons or polymeric alcohols of the formula CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.n CH.sub.2 OH wherein n is a number of from about 30 to about 500; subsequently transferring the image to a supporting substrate; fixing the image; and applying to the developed image during or subsequent to fusing a layer of said polymeric alcohol; and a subsequently providing the documents with magnetic ink characters thereon to a reader/sorter device whereby toner offsetting and image smearing is substantially avoided.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
116 words
A process which comprises the formation of a latent image on a photoconductive member in an electronic imaging apparatus; developing the image with a toner composition comprised of resin particles having dispersed therein magnetitie particles, and a component comprised of aliphatic hydrocarbons or polymeric alcohols of the formula CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.n CH.sub.2 OH wherein n is a number of from about 30 to about 500; subsequently transferring the image to a supporting substrate; fixing the image; and applying to the developed image during or subsequent to fusing a layer of said polymeric alcohol; and a subsequently providing the documents with magnetic ink characters thereon to a reader/sorter device whereby toner offsetting and image smearing is substantially avoided.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
93 words
A xerographic process which comprises forming a latent image on an imaging member; developing the image with a toner composition comprised of resin particles, magnetite particles, and optional additive particles; subsequently transferring the image to a suitable substrate; fixing the image thereto; thereafter applying to the developed image a polymeric alcohol of the formula CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.n CH.sub.2 OH wherein n is a number of from about 30 to about 500; and subsequently providing the documents with magnetic ink characters thereon to a reader/sorter device whereby toner offsetting and image smearing is substantially avoided.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
93 words
A xerographic process which comprises forming a latent image on an imaging member; developing the image with a toner composition comprised of resin particles, magnetite particles, and optional additive particles; subsequently transferring the image to a suitable substrate; fixing the image thereto; thereafter applying to the developed image a polymeric alcohol of the formula CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.n CH.sub.2 OH wherein n is a number of from about 30 to about 500; and subsequently providing the documents with magnetic ink characters thereon to a reader/sorter device whereby toner offsetting and image smearing is substantially avoided.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
34 words
A process in accordance with claims 1 or 2 wherein the additive is an aliphatic hydrocarbon with functional groups thereon selected from the group consisting of aldehyde, carboxylic acid, carboxylic ester, and an amide.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process in accordance with claim 36 wherein the additive is a Bareco wax.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process in accordance with claims 1 or 2 wherein there is added to the toner composition carrier particles.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process in accordance with claims 1 or 2 wherein the toner composition contains pigment particles.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process in accordance with claim 21 wherein there is added to the toner composition carrier particles.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process in accordance with claim 21 wherein a soft fuser roll is selected for affixing the developed image.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process in accordance with claim 27 wherein the toner contains pigment particles.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
86 words
A xerographic process which comprises generating latent images with high or low speed electronic printing devices; thereafter developing the image with a developer composition comprised of a toner composition containing resin particles, magnetite particles, and a component comprised of aliphatic hydrocarbons, or polymeric alcohols of the formula CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.n CH.sub.2 OH wherein n is a number of from about 30 to about 300; and subsequently providing the checks with magnetic ink characters thereon to a reader/sorter device whereby toner offsetting and image smearing is substantially avoided.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
86 words
A xerographic process which comprises generating latent images with high or low speed electronic printing devices; thereafter developing the image with a developer composition comprised of a toner composition containing resin particles, magnetite particles, and a component comprised of aliphatic hydrocarbons, or polymeric alcohols of the formula CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.n CH.sub.2 OH wherein n is a number of from about 30 to about 300; and subsequently providing the checks with magnetic ink characters thereon to a reader/sorter device whereby toner offsetting and image smearing is substantially avoided.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process in accordance with claim 34 wherein n is a member of from about 30 to about 300.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process in accordance with claim 34 wherein carrier particles are added to the toner composition, or the toner composition is added to the carrier particles.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3655374A
Cited
US3983045A
Cited
GB1442835A
Cited
US4251616A
Cited
US4072521A
Cited
US4298672A
Cited
US4287282A
Cited
US4367275A
Cited
JPS5687051A
Cited
JPS56144436A
Cited
US4338390A
Cited
US4609607A
Cited
US4557991A
Cited
US4513074A
Cited
US4626487A
Cited
US4517268A
Cited
US4556624A
Cited
US4681829A
Cited
US4758493A
Cited
JPH05118544A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1992-08-21 | 1993-02-20 | 1993-08-22 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1996-08-21 | 1997-02-20 | 1997-08-22 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2000-08-21 | 2001-02-20 | 2001-08-22 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |