US4752550A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Toner compositions with inner salt charge enhancing additives
Assignee: Xerox Corp
•
Filing: 1986-12-05
•
Granted: 1988-06-21
•
Expires: 2006-12-05
Abstract
Abstract Toner compositions comprised of resin particles, pigment particles, and as a charge enhancing additive inner salts wherein the negative charge center is covalently attached to the positive charge center. Also disclosed are developer compositions comprised of the aforementioned toner components and carrier particles, which compositions are particularly useful for the development of the electrostatic latent images. Additionally, there can be selected for the toner and developer compositions mixtures of charge enhancing additives including mixtures of the aforementioned inner salts and second charge enhancing additives such as quaternary ammonium compounds.
Inventors
- 👤 Angelo J. Barbetta
- 👤 Doretta Agostine
- 👤 Thomas R. Hoffend
- 👤 Richard D. Manca
- 👤 Emery G. Tokoli
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 12:57
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/097; G03G9/09733; G03G9/09741; G03G9/0975
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 68
Claim 1
Independent Claim
61 words
A toner composition comprised of resin particles, pigment particles, and as a charge enhancing additive inner salts selected from the group consisting of those components with the following formulas: I. SULFOPROPYL DERIVATIVES ##STR5## II. BETAINES ##STR6## wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, substituted alkyl, and substituted aryl.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
61 words
A toner composition comprised of resin particles, pigment particles, and as a charge enhancing additive inner salts selected from the group consisting of those components with the following formulas: I. SULFOPROPYL DERIVATIVES ##STR5## II. BETAINES ##STR6## wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, substituted alkyl, and substituted aryl.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the alkyl substituents contain from 1 to about 25 carbon atoms.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the alkyl substituent is methyl.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the aryl substituent contains from about 6 to about 24 carbon atoms.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the aryl substituent is phenyl.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
15 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the sulfopropyl derivative is N-stearyl-N-dimethyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium sulfonate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
17 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the inner salt is 5-dimethyl amino-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
17 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the inner salt is 1,4-piperazine bis(ethane sulfonic acid).
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
20 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the resin is styrene alkyl methacrylate or a styrene butadiene polymer.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 9 wherein the styrene alkyl methacrylate is styrene/n-butyl methacrylate.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
27 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 9 wherein the butadiene polymer contains from about 75 percent by weight to about 95 percent by weight of styrene.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
17 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the pigment particles are carbon black or magnetite.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
30 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the inner salts are present in an amount of from about 0.1 percent by weight to about 20 percent by weight.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
14 words
A developer composition comprised of the toner composition of claim 1 and carrier particles.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
20 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 14 wherein the carrier particles consist of steel core coating with a fluoropolymer.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
13 words
A developer composition with claim 14 wherein the fluoropolymer is a polytrifluoroethylene-co-vinylchloride copolymer.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
51 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 14 wherein the inner salts selected from the group consisting of I. SULFOPROPYL DERIVATIVES ##STR7## and II. BETAINES ##STR8## wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, substituted alkyl, and substituted aryl.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
15 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 17 wherein the sulfopropyl derivative is N-stearyl-N-dimethyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium sulfonate.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
17 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 17 wherein the sulfopropyl derivative is 5-dimethyl amino-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
17 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 17 wherein the sulfopropyl derivative is 1,4-piperazine bis(ethane sulfonic acid).
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
14 words
A developer composition comprised of the toner composition of claim 9 and carrier particles.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
21 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 21 wherein the carrier particles consist of a steel core coated with a fluoropolymer.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
15 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 22 wherein the fluoropolymer is a polytrifluorochloroethylene-co-vinylchloride copolymer.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
21 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 14 wherein the resin is a styrene alkyl methacrylate or a styrene butadiene polymer.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
16 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 24 wherein the styrene alkyl methacrylate is styrene/n-butyl methacrylate.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
27 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 24 wherein the butadiene polymer contains from about 75 percent by weight to about 95 percent by weight of styrene.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
17 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 14 wherein the pigment particles are carbon black or magnetite.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
30 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 14 wherein the inner salts are present in an amount of from about 0.1 percent by weight to about 20 percent by weight.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
21 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 21 wherein the resin is a styrene alkyl methacrylate or a styrene butadiene polymer.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
16 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 29 wherein the styrene alkyl methacrylate is styrene/n-butyl methacrylate.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
27 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 29 wherein the butadiene polymer contains from about 75 percent by weight to about 95 percent by weight of styrene.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
15 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 further including therein second charge enhancing additives.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
15 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 14 further including therein second charge enhancing additives.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
18 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 32 wherein the second charge enhancing additives are quaternary ammonium salts.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
18 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 33 wherein the second charge enhancing additives are quaternary ammonium salts.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
35 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 32 wherein the second charge enhancing additives are selected from the group consisting of distearyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, cetyl pyridinium halides, and organic sulfate and sulfonate compositions.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
35 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 33 wherein the second charge enhancing additives are selected from the group consisting of distearyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, cetyl pyridinium halides, and organic sulfate and sulfonate compositions.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
19 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 36 wherein the charge enhancing additive is stearyl phenethyl dimethyl ammonium tosylate.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
19 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 37 wherein the charge enhancing additive is stearyl phenethyl dimethyl ammonium tosylate.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
57 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 32 wherein the second charge enhancing additives are present in an amount of from about 10 percent by weight to about 90 percent by weight, and the inner salt charge enhancing additives are present in an amount of from about 90 percent by weight to about 10 percent by weight.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
57 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 33 wherein the second charge enhancing additives are present in an amount of from about 10 percent by weight to about 90 percent by weight, and the inner salt charge enhancing additives are present in an amount of from about 90 percent by weight to about 10 percent by weight.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
28 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the pigment particles are selected from the group consisting of cyan, magenta, yellow, red, blue, green, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
22 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the pigment particles are comprised of a mixture of carbon black and magnetites.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
44 words
A method for developing latent images which comprises formin an electrostatic latent image on a photoconductive imaging member, contacting the image with the toner composition of claim 1, followed by transferring the image to a suitable substrate, and optionally permanently affixing the image thereto.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 44 wherein there is selected as the charge enhancing additives a mixture of the inner salts of claim 1 and second charge enhancing additives.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 45 wherein the second charge enhancing additive is quaternary ammonium salt.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
36 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 45 wherein the second charge enhancing additive is selected from the group consisting of distearyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, cetyl pyridinium halides, and organic sulfate and sulfonate compositions.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 44 wherein there are selected as the pigment particles carbon black, magnetites, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
33 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 44 wherein there are selected as the pigment particles components selected from the group consisting of cyan, magenta, yellow, red, blue, green, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 45 wherein there are selected as the pigment particles a mixture of carbon black and magnetite.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 44 wherein there is selected an electrostatographic imaging device containing therein a Viton fuser roll.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
35 words
A toner composition consisting essentially of resin particles, pigment particles, and as a charge enhancing additive inner salts selected from the group consisting of N-stearyl-N-dimethyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium sulfonate, 5-dimethyl amine-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid, and 1,4-piperazine bis(ethane sulfonic acid).
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
35 words
A toner composition consisting essentially of resin particles, pigment particles, and as a charge enhancing additive inner salts selected from the group consisting of N-stearyl-N-dimethyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium sulfonate, 5-dimethyl amine-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid, and 1,4-piperazine bis(ethane sulfonic acid).
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
33 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 52 wherein the inner salt charge enhancing additive is present in an amount of from about 0.5 percent by weight to about 5 percent by weight.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
19 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 52 wherein the resin particles are comprised of a styrene butadiene polymer.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
22 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 52 wherein the pigment particles are comprised of carbon black particles, magnetite, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
19 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 52 wherein the toner composition contains therein a second charge enhancing additive.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
19 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 56 wherein the second charge enhancing additive is a quaternary ammonium salt.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
36 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 56 wherein the second charge enhancing additive is selected from the group consisting of distearyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, cetyl pyridinium halides, and organic sulfate and organic sulfonate compositions.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
37 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 56 wherein the second charge enhancing additive is distearyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate present in an amount of from about 0.5 percent by weight to about 5 percent by weight.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
14 words
A developer composition comprised of the toner composition of claim 53, and carrier particles.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
20 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 60 wherein the carrier particles consist of a core with a coating thereover.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
15 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 61 wherein the core is comprised of steel.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
14 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 61 wherein the coating is a fluoropolymer.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
14 words
A developer compsition in accordance with claim 63 wherein the fluoropolymer is polytrifluorochloro-covinylchloride copolymer.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
16 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 62 wherein the carrier coating includes therein conductive particles.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
15 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 65 wherein the conductive particles are carbon black.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US4537848A
Cited
US4621039A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-06-21 | 1991-12-21 | 1992-06-21 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-06-21 | 1995-12-21 | 1996-06-21 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-06-21 | 1999-12-21 | 2000-06-21 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |