US4621039A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Developer compositions with fast admixing characteristics
Assignee: Xerox Corp
•
Filing: 1984-12-18
•
Granted: 1986-11-04
•
Expires: 2004-12-18
Abstract
Abstract An improved toner composition comprised of resin particles, and pigment particles surface treated with charge enhancing additives selected from the group consisting of homopolymers of amine containing monomers, copolymers containing amine monomers, quaternary ammonium salt compounds, polymeric amines, polymeric quaternary ammonium compounds, telomeric amines and telomeric quaternary ammonium salt compositions, and wherein the charge enhancing additives are associated with the pigment particles.
Inventors
- 👤 Roger N. Ciccarelli
- 👤 Denise R. Leon
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 22:15
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/087; G03G9/08702; G03G9/08726; G03G9/08728; G03G9/0874; G03G9/08784; G03G9/08791; G03G9/09; G03G9/097
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 40
Claim 1
Independent Claim
80 words
An improved toner composition comprised of resin particles, and pigment particles surface treated with charge enhancing additives the additive being present as a continuous coating on the outer surface of the pigment particles, and being selected from the group consisting of homopolymers of amine containing monomers, copolymers containing amine monomers, quaternary ammonium salt compounds, polymeric amines, polymeric quaternary ammonium compounds, telomeric amines and telomeric quaternary ammonium salt compositions, and wherein the charge enhancing additives are associated with the pigment particles.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
80 words
An improved toner composition comprised of resin particles, and pigment particles surface treated with charge enhancing additives the additive being present as a continuous coating on the outer surface of the pigment particles, and being selected from the group consisting of homopolymers of amine containing monomers, copolymers containing amine monomers, quaternary ammonium salt compounds, polymeric amines, polymeric quaternary ammonium compounds, telomeric amines and telomeric quaternary ammonium salt compositions, and wherein the charge enhancing additives are associated with the pigment particles.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
25 words
An improved toner composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein the charge enhancing additive is permanently attached to the entire surface of the pigment particles.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
An improved toner composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein the charge enhancing additive is poly(2-vinylpyridine).
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
An improved toner composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein the charge enhancing additive is poly(4-vinylpyridine).
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
20 words
An improved toner composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein the charge enhancing additive is poly N,N-dimethyl amino ethyl methacrylate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
29 words
An improved toner composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein the pigment particles are selected from the group consisting of magenta, cyan, yellow, red, blue, green and mixtures thereof.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
16 words
An improved toner composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein the pigment particles are carbon black.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
31 words
An improved toner composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein the resin particles are selected from the group consisting of styrene acrylate copolymers, styrene methacrylate copolymers, styrene butadiene copolymers, and polyesters.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
An improved toner composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein carbon black is the pigment, and the dielectric constant K' is from about 4 to about 10.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
28 words
An improved toner composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein carbon black is the pigment, and the dielectric loss constant K" is from about 0.04 to about 10.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
A developer composition comprised of the toner composition of claim 1 and carrier particles.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
22 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 11, wherein the carrier particles consist of a steel core coated with a polymeric composition.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
28 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 11, wherein the charge enhancing additive is selected from the group consisting of poly(2-vinylpyridine), poly(4-vinylpyridine), and poly N,N-dimethyl amino ethyl methacrylate.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
15 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 11, wherein the pigment particles are carbon black.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
29 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 11, wherein the pigment particles are carbon black with a surface area of from about 95 to about 1,000 meter 2 /gram.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
22 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 11, wherein the pigment particles are cyan, magenta, yellow, red, blue, green or mixtures thereof.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
26 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 11, wherein the resin particles are selected from styrene acrylate copolymers, styrene methacrylate copolymers, styrene butadiene copolymers, or polyesters.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
94 words
A process for rapidly charging uncharged toner particles which comprises (1) providing a charged developer composition comprised of toner resin particles having incorporated therein carbon black particles, and a charge enhancing additive associated therewith, and (2) contacting uncharged toner particles containing resin particles, and pigment particles having associated therewith a charge enhancing additive, wherein the uncharged toner particles acquire a positive charge of an appropriate polarity and magnitude within a mixing period of from about less than 5 minutes, which charge is formed about 10 microcoulombs per gram to about 30 microcoulombs per gram.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
94 words
A process for rapidly charging uncharged toner particles which comprises (1) providing a charged developer composition comprised of toner resin particles having incorporated therein carbon black particles, and a charge enhancing additive associated therewith, and (2) contacting uncharged toner particles containing resin particles, and pigment particles having associated therewith a charge enhancing additive, wherein the uncharged toner particles acquire a positive charge of an appropriate polarity and magnitude within a mixing period of from about less than 5 minutes, which charge is formed about 10 microcoulombs per gram to about 30 microcoulombs per gram.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
34 words
A process in accordance with claim 18, wherein the uncharged toner particles acquire a charge of 10 microcoulombs per gram to about 40 microcoulombs per gram in from about two to about four minutes.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process in accordance with claim 18, wherein the charge enhancing additive is selected from the group consisting of poly(2-vinylpyridine), poly(4-vinylpyridine) and poly N,N-dimethyl amino ethyl methacrylate.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
29 words
A process in accordance with claim 18, wherein the resin particles are selected from the group consisting of styrene acrylate copolymers, styrene methacrylate copolymers, styrene butadiene copolymers, and polyesters.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
44 words
A process for affecting development of electrostatic latent images which comprises generating an image on a photoconductive member, contacting the image with the toner composition of claim 1, followed by transferring the image to a suitable substrate, and optionally permanently affixing the image thereto.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 22, wherein fixing is affected with a soft fuser roll.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
41 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 22, wherein the toner composition is comprised of carbon black particles having permanently attached thereto a charge enhancing additive selected from the group consisting of poly(2-vinylpyridine), poly(4-vinylpyridine) and poly N,N-dimethyl amino ethyl methacrylate.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 22, wherein the imaging member is comprised of a supporting substrate, a photogenerating layer, and an amine transport layer.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 25, wherein the photogenerating layer is selected from metal phthalocyanines, metal free phthalocyanines, vanadyl phthalocyanines, or trigonal selenium.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
95 words
A process for the preparation of toner particles with rapid admix characteristics, a dielectric constant K' of from about 4.0 to 10, a dielectric loss constant K" of from about 0.04 to about 1.4, which comprises (1) admixing carbon black particles and dissolved in a solvent charge enhancing additive particles, (2) continually mixing enabling the charge enhancing additive partices to become permanently attached to the carbon black particles, (3) removing the solvent from the mixture, (4) subsequently adding toner resin particles thereto, and (5) mixing the toner resin particles and the surface treated pigment particles.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
95 words
A process for the preparation of toner particles with rapid admix characteristics, a dielectric constant K' of from about 4.0 to 10, a dielectric loss constant K" of from about 0.04 to about 1.4, which comprises (1) admixing carbon black particles and dissolved in a solvent charge enhancing additive particles, (2) continually mixing enabling the charge enhancing additive partices to become permanently attached to the carbon black particles, (3) removing the solvent from the mixture, (4) subsequently adding toner resin particles thereto, and (5) mixing the toner resin particles and the surface treated pigment particles.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process in accordance with claim 27, wherein the charge enhancing additive is selected from the group consisting of poly(2-vinylpyridine), poly(4-vinylpyridine), and poly N,N-dimethyl amino ethyl methacrylate.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process in accordance with claim 27, wherein the resin particles are selected from styrene acrylate copolymers, styrene methacrylate copolymers, styrene butadiene copolymers, and polyesters.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
108 words
An improved toner composition with rapid admix charging chacteristics, a dielectric constant of from about 4 to about 10, and dielectric loss constant of from about 0.04 to about 1.4, comprised of resin particles, and carbon black particles surface treated with charge enhancing additives the additive being present as a continuous coating on the outer surface of the pigment particles, and being selected from the group consisting of homopolymers of amine containing monomers, copolymers containing amine monomers, quaternary ammonium salt compounds, polymeric amines, polymeric quaternary ammonium compounds, telomeric amines and telomeric quaternary ammonium salt compositions, and wherein the charge enhancing additives are associated with the carbon black particles.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
108 words
An improved toner composition with rapid admix charging chacteristics, a dielectric constant of from about 4 to about 10, and dielectric loss constant of from about 0.04 to about 1.4, comprised of resin particles, and carbon black particles surface treated with charge enhancing additives the additive being present as a continuous coating on the outer surface of the pigment particles, and being selected from the group consisting of homopolymers of amine containing monomers, copolymers containing amine monomers, quaternary ammonium salt compounds, polymeric amines, polymeric quaternary ammonium compounds, telomeric amines and telomeric quaternary ammonium salt compositions, and wherein the charge enhancing additives are associated with the carbon black particles.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
29 words
An improved toner composition in accordance with claim 30, wherein the charge enhancing additive is selected from the group consisting of poly(2-vinylpyridine), poly(4-vinylpyridine) and poly N,N-dimethyl amino ethyl methacrylate.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
33 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 14, wherein the toner composition has a dielectric constant of from 4 to about 10, and a dielectric loss constant of from 0.04 to about 1.4.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
55 words
An improved toner composition consisting essentially of resin particles, and pigment particles with a continuous coating thereover of a charge enhancing additive selected from the group consisting of homopolymers of amine containing monomers, copolymers containing amine monomers, quaternary ammonium salt compounds, polymeric amines, polymeric quaternary ammonium compounds, telomeric amines and telomeric quaternary ammonium salt compositions.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
55 words
An improved toner composition consisting essentially of resin particles, and pigment particles with a continuous coating thereover of a charge enhancing additive selected from the group consisting of homopolymers of amine containing monomers, copolymers containing amine monomers, quaternary ammonium salt compounds, polymeric amines, polymeric quaternary ammonium compounds, telomeric amines and telomeric quaternary ammonium salt compositions.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
28 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 33, wherein the charge enhancing additive is selected from the group consisting of poly(2-vinylpyridine), poly(4-vinylpyridine), and poly N,N-dimethyl amino ethyl methacrylate.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
30 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein the pigments are selected from the group consisting of magenta, cyan, yellow, red, blue, green and mixtures thereof; and carbon black.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3320169A
Cited
US3431412A
Cited
US3874896A
Cited
US3944493A
Cited
US3977983A
Cited
US4021358A
Cited
US3970571A
Cited
US4007293A
Cited
US4314017A
Cited
US4246332A
Cited
US4355167A
Cited
US4378420A
Cited
US4397934A
Cited
US4397935A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-11-03 | 1990-05-05 | 1990-11-04 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-11-03 | 1994-05-05 | 1994-11-04 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-11-03 | 1998-05-05 | 1998-11-04 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |