US4604338A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Positively charged colored toner compositions
Assignee: Xerox Corp
•
Filing: 1985-08-09
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Granted: 1986-08-05
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Expires: 2005-08-09
Abstract
Abstract Disclosed is an improved positively charged dry electrostatic colored toner composition comprised of first resin particles; crosslinked second resin particles; colored pigment particles excluding black; and selected from the group consisting of cyan, magenta, yellow, blue, red, and brown; a low molecular weight wax; and a charge enhancing additive selected from the group consisting of alkyl pyridinium halides, organic sulfonate compositions and organic sulfate compositions of the following formulas: ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrocarbon group containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, and A is an anion; ##STR2## wherein R 1 is an alkyl group of from about 12 carbon atoms to about 22 carbon atoms, R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from alkyl groups containing from about 1 carbon atom to about 5 carbon atoms, R 4 is an alkylene group of from about 1 carbon atom to about 5 carbon atoms, R 5 is a tolyl group or an alkyl group of from about 1 carbon atom to about 3 carbon atoms, and n is the number 3 or 4; and distearyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, behenyl trimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, and distearyl methyl ethyl ammonium ethyl sulfate.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert J. Gruber
- 👤 Raymond A. Yourd, III
- 👤 Ronald J. Koch
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 04:46
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/097; G03G9/09733; G03G9/09758
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 28
Claim 1
Independent Claim
226 words
An improved positively charged dry electrostatic colored toner composition consisting essentially of first from about 70% by weight to about 90% by weight of resin particles; from about 10% by weight to about 30% by weight of crosslinked second resin particles; colored pigment particles excluding black; and selected from the group consisting of cyan, magenta, yellow, blue, red, and brown; a low molecular weight wax of a molecular weight of from 500 to about 20,000; and a charge enhancing additive selected from the group consisting of alkyl pyridinium halides, organic sulfonate compositions and organic sulfate compositions of the following formulas: ##STR5## wherein R is a hydrocarbon group containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, and A is an anion; ##STR6## wherein R 1 is an alkyl group of from about 12 carbon atoms to about 22 carbon atoms, R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from alkyl groups containing from about 1 carbon atom to about 5 carbon atoms, R 4 is an alkylene group of from about 1 carbon atom to about 5 carbon atoms, R 5 is a tolyl group or an alkyl group of from about 1 carbon atom to about 3 carbon atoms, and n is the number 3 or 4; and distearyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, behenyl trimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, and distearyl methyl ethyl ammonium ethyl sulfate.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
226 words
An improved positively charged dry electrostatic colored toner composition consisting essentially of first from about 70% by weight to about 90% by weight of resin particles; from about 10% by weight to about 30% by weight of crosslinked second resin particles; colored pigment particles excluding black; and selected from the group consisting of cyan, magenta, yellow, blue, red, and brown; a low molecular weight wax of a molecular weight of from 500 to about 20,000; and a charge enhancing additive selected from the group consisting of alkyl pyridinium halides, organic sulfonate compositions and organic sulfate compositions of the following formulas: ##STR5## wherein R is a hydrocarbon group containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, and A is an anion; ##STR6## wherein R 1 is an alkyl group of from about 12 carbon atoms to about 22 carbon atoms, R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from alkyl groups containing from about 1 carbon atom to about 5 carbon atoms, R 4 is an alkylene group of from about 1 carbon atom to about 5 carbon atoms, R 5 is a tolyl group or an alkyl group of from about 1 carbon atom to about 3 carbon atoms, and n is the number 3 or 4; and distearyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, behenyl trimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, and distearyl methyl ethyl ammonium ethyl sulfate.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the resin particles are selected from the group consisting of polyesters, styrene butadiene copolymers, or styrene methacrylate copolymers.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
22 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 2 wherein the polyester results from the condensation reaction of dimethyl terephthalate, 1,3-butanediol, and pentaerythritol.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
27 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 2 wherein the styrene butadiene copolymer contains 89 percent by weight of styrene, and 11 percent by weight of butadiene.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the wax is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene and polypropylene.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
31 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 5 wherein the polyethylene or polypropylene are present in an amount of from about 1 percent by weight to about 10 percent by weight.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
17 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the charge enhancing additive is cetyl pyridinium chloride.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
20 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the charge enhancing additive is stearyl dimethyl phenethyl ammonium paratoluene sulfonate.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the wax is of a molecular weight of from about 500 to about 20,000.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
31 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the charge enhancing additive is present in an amount of from about 0.5 percent by weight to about 20 percent by weight.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
43 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the colored pigment particles are selected from the group consisting of cyan, magenta, yellow, red, blue, green and mixtures thereof, present in an amount of from about 2 to about 15 percent by weight.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
19 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the second resin particles are crosslinked with a divinyl benzene.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
14 words
A developer composition comprised of the toner composition of claim 1 and carrier particles.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
16 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 13 wherein the carrier particles contain a coating thereover.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
21 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 13 wherein the carrier particles consist of a steel core coated with a fluoropolymer.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
44 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 13 wherein the colored pigment particles are selected from the group consisting of cyan, magenta, yellow, red, blue, brown, green and mixtures thereof, present in an amount of from about 2 to about 15 percent by weight.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
43 words
A method for developing images which comprises forming an electrostatic latent image on a negatively charged imaging member, contacting the image with the toner composition of claim 1, followed by transferring the image to a suitable substrate, and permanently affixing the image thereto.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 17 wherein the wax is selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polyethylene, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 17 wherein the process is accomplished in the absence of a silicone oil release fluid, and there results no offsetting of the resulting images.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
48 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein R is an alkyl group of from about 12 carbon atoms to about 22 carbon atoms, R 1 is an alkyl group of from about 14 carbon atoms to about 18 carbon atoms, and n is the number 3.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
49 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein R is an alkyl group of from about 12 carbon atoms to about 18 carbon atoms, and R 1 is an alkyl group of from about 14 carbon atoms to about 18 carbon atoms, and n is the number 4.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
17 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein R 2 and R 3 are methyl groups.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
15 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein R 4 is a methylene group.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
27 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 13 wherein the resin particles are selected from the group consisting of polyesters, styrene butadiene copolymers and styrene methacrylate copolymers.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
24 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 13 wherein the wax selected is of a molecular weight of from about 500 to about 20,000.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
21 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 13 wherein the wax is selected from the group consisting of polypropylene and polethylene.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 17 wherein the resin particles are selected from the group consisting of styrene butadiene copolymers or styrene methacrylate copolymers.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-08-04 | 1990-02-03 | 1990-08-05 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-08-04 | 1994-02-03 | 1994-08-05 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-08-04 | 1998-02-03 | 1998-08-05 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |