US4518703A
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Crystalline silica catalysts
Assignee: Union Oil Company of California
•
Filing: 1982-12-06
•
Granted: 1985-05-21
•
Expires: 2002-12-06
Abstract
Abstract Para-xylene is selectively prepared by reacting toluene and a methylating agent in the presence of a phosphorus modified catalyst comprising a silica polymorph intermixed with an inorganic refractory oxide, said catalyst having an alkali content of less than about 1.3 milliequivalents per gram as available alkali.
Inventors
- 👤 Dean A. Young
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 22:38
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J29/00; B01J29/03; B01J29/035; C; C07; C07C; C07C2/00; C07C2/86; C07C2/862; C07C2/864; B01J27/00; B01J27/14; B01J27/16; C07C2529/00; C07C2529/03; C07C2529/035; Y; Y02; Y02P; Y02P20/00; Y02P20/50; Y02P20/52
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 133
Claim 1
Independent Claim
11 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator and a crystalline silica polymorph.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
11 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator and a crystalline silica polymorph.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
13 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 1 where the hydrogen activator comprises chromium.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
13 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 1 where the hydrogen activator comprises copper.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
13 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 1 where the hydrogen activator comprises nickel.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 1 where the hydrogen activator comprises platinum.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 1 where the crystalline silica polymorph comprises silicalite.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
39 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 4 where the crystalline silica polymorph has a specific gravity at 25° C. of 1.70±0.05 g/cc and a mean refractive index of 1.39±0.01 after calcination at 600° C. in air for 1 hour.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 2 where the crystalline silica polymorph has a pore volume of 0.18 cc/gram.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
30 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 2 where the crystalline silica polymorph has as the six strongest d-values of its X-ray diffraction pattern d=11.1±0.2, d=10.0±0.2, d=3.85±0.07, d=3.82±0.07, d=3.76±0.05 and d=3.72±0.05.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
19 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 5 where the crystalline silica polymorph is capable of separating P-xylene from O-xylene.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
19 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 4 where the crystalline silica polymorph is capable of separating P-xylene from ethylbenzene.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
19 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 5 where the crystalline silica polymorph is capable of separating P-xylene from m-xylene.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
27 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator comprising a member selected from the group consisting of chromium, copper, nickel and platinum and further comprising a crystalline silica polymorph.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
27 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator comprising a member selected from the group consisting of chromium, copper, nickel and platinum and further comprising a crystalline silica polymorph.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
29 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 13 where said crystalline silica polymorph has a specific gravity at 25° C. of 170±0.05 g/cc and a mean refractive index of 1.39±0.01.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
15 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator, an inorganic refractory oxide and a crystalline silica polymorph.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
15 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator, an inorganic refractory oxide and a crystalline silica polymorph.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
13 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 15 where the hydrogen activator comprises chromium.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
13 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 15 where the hydrogen activator comprises copper.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
13 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 15 where the hydrogen activator comprises nickel.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
13 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 15 where the hydrogen activator comprises platinum.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
33 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 15 where said silica polymorph has an X-ray diffraction pattern with the following six strongest d-values of its X-ray diffraction pattern: d=11.1±0.2, d=10.0±0.2, d=3.85±0.07, d=3.76±0.05 and d=3.72±0.05.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
27 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 15 where said inorganic refractory oxide comprises a member selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia, beryllia, and zirconia.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
12 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator, an inorganic refractory oxide, and silicalite.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
12 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator, an inorganic refractory oxide, and silicalite.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
33 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 22 where said hydrogen activator comprises nickel and said inorganic refractory oxide comprises a member selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia, beryllia and zirconia.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
33 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 22 where said hydrogen activator comprises platinum and said inorganic refractory oxide comprises a member selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia, beryllia and zirconia.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
33 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 22 where said hydrogen activator comprises copper and said inorganic refractory oxide comprises a member selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia, beryllia and zirconia.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
33 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 22 where said hydrogen activator comprises chromium and said inorganic refractory oxide comprises a member selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia, beryllia and zirconia.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
29 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator comprising a member selected from the group consisting of chromium, copper, nickel and platinum, an inorganic refractory oxide and a crystalline silica polymorph.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
29 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator comprising a member selected from the group consisting of chromium, copper, nickel and platinum, an inorganic refractory oxide and a crystalline silica polymorph.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
19 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 1 where said crystalline silica polymorph is capable of separating P-xylene from ethylbenzene.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
49 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator comprising a member selected from the group consisting of chromium, copper, nickel and platinum, a crystalline silica polymorph having a pore volume of about 0.18 cc/gram, and an inorganic refractory oxide selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia, beryllia and zirconia.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
49 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator comprising a member selected from the group consisting of chromium, copper, nickel and platinum, a crystalline silica polymorph having a pore volume of about 0.18 cc/gram, and an inorganic refractory oxide selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia, beryllia and zirconia.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
39 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator selected from the group consisting of chromium, nickel and platinum and a crystalline silica polymorph having as the six strongest d-values of its X-ray diffraction pattern: d=11.1±0.2, d=10.0±0.2, d=3.85±0.07, d=3.82±0.07, d=3.76±0.05 and d=3.72±0.05.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
39 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator selected from the group consisting of chromium, nickel and platinum and a crystalline silica polymorph having as the six strongest d-values of its X-ray diffraction pattern: d=11.1±0.2, d=10.0±0.2, d=3.85±0.07, d=3.82±0.07, d=3.76±0.05 and d=3.72±0.05.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
43 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator selected from the group consisting of chromium, nickel and platinum, an inorganic refractory oxide and a crystalline silica polymorph having as the six strongest d-values of its X-ray diffraction pattern: d=11.1±0.2, d=10.0±0.2, d=3.85±0.07, d=3.82±0.07, d=3.76±0.05 and d=3.72±0.05.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
43 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator selected from the group consisting of chromium, nickel and platinum, an inorganic refractory oxide and a crystalline silica polymorph having as the six strongest d-values of its X-ray diffraction pattern: d=11.1±0.2, d=10.0±0.2, d=3.85±0.07, d=3.82±0.07, d=3.76±0.05 and d=3.72±0.05.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
23 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 31 where said refractory oxide is selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, beryllia and zirconia.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
45 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator selected from the group consisting of chromium, nickel and platinum, an inorganic refractory oxide comprising a member selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia and zirconia, and a crystalline silica polymorph capable of separating P-xylene from O-xylene.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
45 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator selected from the group consisting of chromium, nickel and platinum, an inorganic refractory oxide comprising a member selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia and zirconia, and a crystalline silica polymorph capable of separating P-xylene from O-xylene.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
37 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator comprising nickel, an inorganic refractory oxide comprising a member selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia and zirconia, and a crystalline silica polymorph capable of separating P-xylene from ethylbenzene.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
37 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator comprising nickel, an inorganic refractory oxide comprising a member selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia and zirconia, and a crystalline silica polymorph capable of separating P-xylene from ethylbenzene.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
37 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator comprising platinum, an inorganic refractory oxide comprising a member selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia and zirconia, and a crystalline silica polymorph capable of separating P-xylene from m-xylene.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
37 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator comprising platinum, an inorganic refractory oxide comprising a member selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia and zirconia, and a crystalline silica polymorph capable of separating P-xylene from m-xylene.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
40 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator comprising chromium, an inorganic refractory oxide comprising a member selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia and zirconia, and a crystalline silica polymorph capable of separating P-xylene from O-xylene, m-xylene and ethylbenzene.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
40 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator comprising chromium, an inorganic refractory oxide comprising a member selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia and zirconia, and a crystalline silica polymorph capable of separating P-xylene from O-xylene, m-xylene and ethylbenzene.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
71 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator selected from the group consisting of chromium, nickel and platinum, an inorganic refractory oxide selected from the group consisting of alumina and silica and mixtures thereof, and a crystalline silica polymorph having uniform pore dimensions of about 6 Å, a specific gravity at 25° C. of 1.70±0.05 g/cc, and a mean refractive index of 1.39±0.01 after calcination at 600° C. in air for 1 hour.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
71 words
A catalyst comprising a hydrogen activator selected from the group consisting of chromium, nickel and platinum, an inorganic refractory oxide selected from the group consisting of alumina and silica and mixtures thereof, and a crystalline silica polymorph having uniform pore dimensions of about 6 Å, a specific gravity at 25° C. of 1.70±0.05 g/cc, and a mean refractive index of 1.39±0.01 after calcination at 600° C. in air for 1 hour.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
108 words
A catalyst consisting essentially of a hydrogen activator, an inorganic refractory oxide and a crystalline silica polymorph having as its X-ray diffraction pattern: ______________________________________
d-A Relative Intensity
d-A Relative Intensity
______________________________________
11.1 100 4.35 5
10.02 64 4.25 7
9.73 16 4.08 3
8.99 1 4.00 3
8.04 0.5 3.85 59
7.42 1 3.82 32
7.06 0.5 3.74 24
6.68 5 3.71 27
6.35 9 3.64 12
5.98 14 3.59 0.5
5.70 7 3.48 3
5.57 8 3.44 5
5.36 2 3.34 11
5.11 2 3.30 7
5.01 4 3.25 3
4.98 5 3.17 0.5
4.86 0.5 3.13 0.5
4.60 3 3.05 5
4.44 0.5 2.98 10
______________________________________
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
108 words
A catalyst consisting essentially of a hydrogen activator, an inorganic refractory oxide and a crystalline silica polymorph having as its X-ray diffraction pattern: ______________________________________
d-A Relative Intensity
d-A Relative Intensity
______________________________________
11.1 100 4.35 5
10.02 64 4.25 7
9.73 16 4.08 3
8.99 1 4.00 3
8.04 0.5 3.85 59
7.42 1 3.82 32
7.06 0.5 3.74 24
6.68 5 3.71 27
6.35 9 3.64 12
5.98 14 3.59 0.5
5.70 7 3.48 3
5.57 8 3.44 5
5.36 2 3.34 11
5.11 2 3.30 7
5.01 4 3.25 3
4.98 5 3.17 0.5
4.86 0.5 3.13 0.5
4.60 3 3.05 5
4.44 0.5 2.98 10
______________________________________
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
12 words
The catalyst defined in claim 38 where the hydrogen activator comprises chromium.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
12 words
The catalyst defined in claim 38 where the hydrogen activator comprises copper.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
12 words
The catalyst defined in claim 38 where the hydrogen activator comprises nickel.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
12 words
The catalyst defined in claim 38 where the hydrogen activator comprises platinum.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
30 words
The catalyst defined in claim 38 where the catalyst further comprises an inorganic refractory oxide selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia, beryllia and zirconia and mixtures thereof.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
27 words
The catalyst defined in claim 38 where the catalyst further comprises an inorganic refractory oxide selected from the group consisting of alumina and silica and mixtures thereof.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
7 words
A catalyst comprising nickel, silicalite and alumina.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
7 words
A catalyst comprising nickel, silicalite and alumina.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
12 words
A catalyst comprising a crystalline silica polymorph and an inorganic refractory oxide.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
12 words
A catalyst comprising a crystalline silica polymorph and an inorganic refractory oxide.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
32 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 46 where the inorganic refractory oxide is a member selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia, beryllia, zirconia and bentonite clay and mixtures thereof.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
24 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 46 where the crystalline silica polymorph is capable of adsorbing organic molecules up to 6 Å in diameter.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
45 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 46 where the crystalline silica polymorph has a specific gravity at 25° C. within the range of from about 1.65 to about 1.80 g/cc and a mean refractive index within the range of from about 1.32 to about 1.45.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
28 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 46 where the crystalline silica polymorph has as the four strongest d-values of its X-ray diffraction pattern d=18.8, d=3.81, d=3.41, and d=3.31.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
28 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 46 where the crystalline silica polymorph has as the four strongest d-values of its X-ray diffraction pattern d=4.07, d=4.02, d=3.83 and d=3.34.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
55 words
A catalyst comprising a crystalline silica polymorph having as the six strongest d-values of its X-ray diffraction pattern d=11.1±0.2, d=10.0±0.2, d=3.85±0.07, d=3.82±0.07, d=3.76±0.05 and d=3.72±0.05, in combination with an inorganic refractory oxide, said catalyst having a bulk density within the range of from about 0.5 gm cm -3 to about 2.5 gm cm -3 .
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
55 words
A catalyst comprising a crystalline silica polymorph having as the six strongest d-values of its X-ray diffraction pattern d=11.1±0.2, d=10.0±0.2, d=3.85±0.07, d=3.82±0.07, d=3.76±0.05 and d=3.72±0.05, in combination with an inorganic refractory oxide, said catalyst having a bulk density within the range of from about 0.5 gm cm -3 to about 2.5 gm cm -3 .
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
30 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 52 wherein the inorganic refractory oxide is a member selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia, beryllia and zirconia and mixtures thereof.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
12 words
A catalyst comprising a microporous crystalline silica and an inorganic refractory oxide.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
12 words
A catalyst comprising a microporous crystalline silica and an inorganic refractory oxide.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
31 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 54 wherein the inorganic refractory oxide is a member selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia, beryllia and bentonite clay and mixtures thereof.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
14 words
A catalyst consisting essentially of a microporous crystalline silica and an inorganic refractory oxide.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
14 words
A catalyst consisting essentially of a microporous crystalline silica and an inorganic refractory oxide.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
32 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 56 wherein the inorganic refractory oxide is a member selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia, beryllia, zirconia and bentonite clay and mixtures thereof.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
24 words
A catalyst comprising a crystalline silica polymorph and an inorganic refractory oxide where the crystalline silica polymorph is capable of separating p-xylene from o-xylene.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
24 words
A catalyst comprising a crystalline silica polymorph and an inorganic refractory oxide where the crystalline silica polymorph is capable of separating p-xylene from o-xylene.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
31 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 58 wherein the inorganic refractory oxide is a member selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia, zirconia and bentonite clay and mixtures thereof.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
46 words
A catalyst comprising a crystalline silica polymorph and an inorganic refractory oxide where the crystalline silica polymorph and inorganic refractory oxide are in a weight ratio range of from about 1:10 to about 10:1 and said crystalline silica polymorph is capable of separating p-xylene from ethylbenzene.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
46 words
A catalyst comprising a crystalline silica polymorph and an inorganic refractory oxide where the crystalline silica polymorph and inorganic refractory oxide are in a weight ratio range of from about 1:10 to about 10:1 and said crystalline silica polymorph is capable of separating p-xylene from ethylbenzene.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
32 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 60 wherein the inorganic refractory oxide is a member selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia, beryllia, zirconia and bentonite clay and mixtures thereof.
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
46 words
A catalyst comprising a crystalline silica polymorph and an inorganic refractory oxide where the crystalline silica polymorph and inorganic refractory oxide are in a weight ratio range of from about 1:4 to about 4:1 and said crystalline silica polymorph is capable of separating p-xylene from m-xylene.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
46 words
A catalyst comprising a crystalline silica polymorph and an inorganic refractory oxide where the crystalline silica polymorph and inorganic refractory oxide are in a weight ratio range of from about 1:4 to about 4:1 and said crystalline silica polymorph is capable of separating p-xylene from m-xylene.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
32 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 62 where the inorganic refractory oxide is a member selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia, beryllia, zirconia and bentonite clay and mixtures thereof.
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
9 words
A catalyst comprising silicalite and an inorganic refractory oxide.
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
9 words
A catalyst comprising silicalite and an inorganic refractory oxide.
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
32 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 64 where the inorganic refractory oxide is a member selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia, beryllia, zirconia and bentonite clay and mixtures thereof.
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
21 words
A catalyst comprising silicalite and an inorganic refractory oxide selected from the group consisting of alumina and silica and mixtures thereof.
Claim 90
Dependent Claim
21 words
A catalyst comprising silicalite and an inorganic refractory oxide selected from the group consisting of alumina and silica and mixtures thereof.
Claim 91
Dependent Claim
6 words
A catalyst comprising silicalite and alumina.
Claim 92
Dependent Claim
6 words
A catalyst comprising silicalite and alumina.
Claim 93
Dependent Claim
42 words
A catalyst comprising silicalite and an inorganic refractory oxide selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica and magnesia and mixtures thereof wherein the silicalite and inorganic refractory oxide are in a weight ratio range of from about 1:10 to about 10:1.
Claim 94
Dependent Claim
42 words
A catalyst comprising silicalite and an inorganic refractory oxide selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica and magnesia and mixtures thereof wherein the silicalite and inorganic refractory oxide are in a weight ratio range of from about 1:10 to about 10:1.
Claim 95
Dependent Claim
67 words
A catalyst comprising a crystalline silica polymorph and an inorganic refractory oxide where the crystalline silica polymorph has a specific gravity at 25° C. of 1.70±0.05 g/cc and a mean refractive index of 1.39±0.01 after calcination of 600° C. in air for 1 hour, and wherein the crystalline silica polymorph and inorganic refractory oxide are in a weight ratio range of from about 1:10 to about 10:1.
Claim 96
Dependent Claim
67 words
A catalyst comprising a crystalline silica polymorph and an inorganic refractory oxide where the crystalline silica polymorph has a specific gravity at 25° C. of 1.70±0.05 g/cc and a mean refractive index of 1.39±0.01 after calcination of 600° C. in air for 1 hour, and wherein the crystalline silica polymorph and inorganic refractory oxide are in a weight ratio range of from about 1:10 to about 10:1.
Claim 97
Dependent Claim
31 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 69 where the inorganic refractory oxide is a member selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, beryllia, zirconia and bentonite clay and mixtures thereof.
Claim 98
Dependent Claim
14 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 69 where the inorganic refractory oxide is alumina.
Claim 99
Dependent Claim
69 words
A catalyst consisting essentially of a crystalline silica polymorph and an inorganic refractory oxide where the crystalline silica polymorph has a specific gravity at 25° C. of 1.70±0.05 g/cc and a mean refractive index of 1.39±0.01 after calcination at 600° C. in air for 1 hour, and wherein the crystalline silica polymorph and inorganic refractory oxide are in a weight ratio range of from about 1:10 to about 10:1.
Claim 100
Dependent Claim
69 words
A catalyst consisting essentially of a crystalline silica polymorph and an inorganic refractory oxide where the crystalline silica polymorph has a specific gravity at 25° C. of 1.70±0.05 g/cc and a mean refractive index of 1.39±0.01 after calcination at 600° C. in air for 1 hour, and wherein the crystalline silica polymorph and inorganic refractory oxide are in a weight ratio range of from about 1:10 to about 10:1.
Claim 101
Dependent Claim
31 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 72 where the inorganic refractory oxide is a member selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, beryllia, zirconia and bentonite clay and mixtures thereof.
Claim 102
Dependent Claim
14 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 72 where the inorganic refractory oxide is alumina.
Claim 103
Dependent Claim
11 words
A catalyst comprising a phosphorus compound and a crystalline silica polymorph.
Claim 104
Dependent Claim
11 words
A catalyst comprising a phosphorus compound and a crystalline silica polymorph.
Claim 105
Dependent Claim
16 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 75 wherein said catalyst further contains an inorganic refractory oxide.
Claim 106
Dependent Claim
13 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 75 wherein said catalyst further comprises alumina.
Claim 107
Dependent Claim
26 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 75 wherein said refractory oxide is selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia, beryllia, zirconia, and bentonite clay.
Claim 108
Dependent Claim
13 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 75 wherein said silica polymorph is silicalite.
Claim 109
Dependent Claim
28 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 76 wherein said silica polymorph has a specific gravity at 25° C. of 1.70±0.05 g/cc and a mean refractive index of 1.39±0.01.
Claim 110
Dependent Claim
30 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 77 wherein said crystalline silica polymorph has as the six strongest d-values of its X-ray diffraction pattern d=11.1±0.2, d=10.0±0.2, d=3.85±0.07, d=3.82±0.07, d=3.76±0.05 and d=3.72±0.05.
Claim 111
Dependent Claim
30 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 78 wherein said crystalline silica polymorph has as the six strongest d-values of its X-ray diffraction pattern d=11.1±0.2, d=10.0±0.2, d=3.85±0.07, d=3.82±0.07, d=3.76±0.05 and d=3.72±0.05.
Claim 112
Dependent Claim
25 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 76 wherein said catalyst has a surface area from 100 M 2 /gm to about 500 M 2 /gm.
Claim 113
Dependent Claim
18 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 83 wherein said silica polymorph has a pore volume of 0.18 cc/gram.
Claim 114
Dependent Claim
29 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 76 wherein the crystalline silica polymorph and inorganic refractory oxide are in a weight ratio range of from about 1:10 to about 10:1.
Claim 115
Dependent Claim
32 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 85 wherein said silica polymorph is silicalite and said refractory oxide is selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, zirconia, magnesia, beryllia, and bentonite clay.
Claim 116
Dependent Claim
30 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 85 wherein said crystalline silica polymorph has as the six strongest d-values of its X-ray diffraction pattern d=11.1±0.2, d=10.0±0.2, d=3.85±0.07, d=3.82±0.07, d=3.76±0.05 and d=3.72±0.05.
Claim 117
Dependent Claim
13 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 87 wherein said refractory oxide is alumina.
Claim 118
Dependent Claim
15 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 75 wherein said phosphorus compound is a phosphorus oxide.
Claim 119
Dependent Claim
15 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 76 wherein said phosphorus compound is a phosphorus oxide.
Claim 120
Dependent Claim
15 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 80 wherein said phosphorus compound is a phosphorus oxide.
Claim 121
Dependent Claim
15 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 81 wherein said phosphorus compound is a phosphorus oxide.
Claim 122
Dependent Claim
15 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 86 wherein said phosphorus compound is a phosphorus oxide.
Claim 123
Dependent Claim
15 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 88 wherein said phosphorus compound is a phosphorus oxide.
Claim 124
Dependent Claim
25 words
A catalyst comprising a microporous crystalline silica and a promoter containing a component selected from the group consisting of platinum, phosphorus, chromium, nickel, and copper.
Claim 125
Dependent Claim
25 words
A catalyst comprising a microporous crystalline silica and a promoter containing a component selected from the group consisting of platinum, phosphorus, chromium, nickel, and copper.
Claim 126
Dependent Claim
16 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 95 wherein said catalyst further comprises an inorganic refractory oxide.
Claim 127
Dependent Claim
13 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 96 wherein said refractory oxide comprises alumina.
Claim 128
Dependent Claim
13 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 96 wherein said refractory oxide comprises silica.
Claim 129
Dependent Claim
29 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 95 wherein said crystalline silica has as the six strongest d-values of its X-ray diffraction pattern d=11.1±0.2, d=10.0±0.2, d=3.85±0.07, d=3.82±0.07, d=3.76±0.05 and d=3.72±0.05.
Claim 130
Dependent Claim
27 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 95 wherein said crystalline silica has as the four strongest d-values of its X-ray diffraction pattern d=18.8, d=3.81, d=3.41, and d=3.31.
Claim 131
Dependent Claim
27 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 95 wherein said crystalline silica has as the four strongest d-values of its X-ray diffraction pattern d=4.07, d=4.02, d=3.83, and d=3.34.
Claim 132
Dependent Claim
29 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 96 wherein said crystalline silica has as the six strongest d-values of its X-ray diffraction pattern d=11.1±0.2, d=10.0±0.2, d=3.85±0.07, d=3.82±0.07, d=3.76±0.05 and d=3.72±0.05.
Claim 133
Dependent Claim
29 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 97 wherein said crystalline silica has as the six strongest d-values of its X-ray diffraction pattern d=11.1±0.2, d=10.0±0.2, d=3.85±0.07, d=3.82±0.07, d=3.76±0.05 and d=3.72±0.05.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-05-20 | 1988-11-19 | 1989-05-21 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-05-20 | 1992-11-19 | 1993-05-21 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-05-20 | 1996-11-19 | 1997-05-21 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |