US5830341A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Electrodes and metallo isoindole ringed compounds
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1996-01-23
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Granted: 1998-11-03
•
Expires: 2016-01-23
Abstract
Abstract The present invention provides for electrode assemblies and methods in which electron transfer between a redox reaction product and an electrically conductive electrode material is facilitated by a metallo macrocyclic compound, preferably a metallo isoindole ringed compound and more preferably a ferro isoindole ringed compound. The redox reaction is usually catalysized by a redox enzyme, such as an oxidase.
Inventors
- 👤 Markas A. T. Gilmartin
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 09:35
CPC Classifications
C; C12; C12Q; C12Q1/00; C12Q1/001; C12Q1/004; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S435/00; Y10S435/817
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 42
Claim 1
Independent Claim
65 words
A hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly comprising: a first hydrogen peroxide electrode comprising a metallo isoindole ringed compound dispersed in an electrode material, and a first enzyme layer comprising a first enzyme in electrical contact with said first hydrogen peroxide electrode, wherein said metallo isoindole ringed compound coordinates Fe, Ru, Rh, or Mn; and wherein said first enzyme is attached to a first analyte binding moiety.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
65 words
A hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly comprising: a first hydrogen peroxide electrode comprising a metallo isoindole ringed compound dispersed in an electrode material, and a first enzyme layer comprising a first enzyme in electrical contact with said first hydrogen peroxide electrode, wherein said metallo isoindole ringed compound coordinates Fe, Ru, Rh, or Mn; and wherein said first enzyme is attached to a first analyte binding moiety.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
26 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 1, wherein said electrode material is a material selected from the group consisting of platinum, gold, silver and carbon.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
35 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 2, wherein said electrode material further comprises electrically conductive carbon and said metallo isoindole ringed compound provides for sufficient electron transfer to permit detection of an electrical current.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
40 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 3, wherein said metallo isoindole ringed compound is selected from the formula C 32 H 18 N 8 M; where M is Fe or Mn and said first enzyme is a redox enzyme.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
32 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 4, wherein said metallo isoindole ringed compound is of the formula C 32 H 18 N 8 Fe(II) and said redox enzyme is an oxidase.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
64 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 5, further comprising: a second hydrogen peroxide electrode comprising a metallo isoindole ringed compound dispersed in an electrode material, and a second enzyme layer comprising a second enzyme and in electrical contact with said second detection electrode; wherein said second hydrogen peroxide electrode is configured to separately measure hydrogen peroxide production in response to an additional analyte.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
51 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 6, wherein said second enzyme is attached to a third analyte binding moiety that recognizes a second analyte and said third analyte binding moiety is different from said first analyte binding moiety, wherein said third analyte binding moiety permits detection of said additional analyte.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
68 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 7, wherein said second enzyme layer comprises a matrix and a fourth analyte binding moiety attached to said matrix, wherein said fourth analyte binding moiety binds to said additional analyte and said fourth binding moiety is attached to said matrix to permit electrical contact with said second hydrogen peroxide electrode and to minimize electrical contact with said first hydrogen peroxide electrode.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 8, further comprising four to ten hydrogen peroxide electrodes, wherein each said hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly separately measures hydrogen peroxide.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
15 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 5, wherein said oxidase catalyses hydrogen peroxide production.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
128 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 10, wherein said oxidase is an enzyme selected from the group consisting of 6-hydroxy-D-nicotine oxidase, alcohol oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, allyl-alcohol oxidase, amine oxidase, bilirubin oxidase, cholesterol oxidase, choline oxidase, cyclohexylamine oxidase, D-amino acid oxidase, D-aspartate oxidase, D-glutamate acid oxidase, dihydroorotate oxidase, dimethyl-glycine oxidase, ethanolamine oxidase, galactose oxidase, glucose oxidase, glycolate oxidase, glycollate oxidase, glyoxylate oxidase, hexose oxidase, L-amino acid oxidase, L-gluconolactone oxidase, L-glutamate acid oxidase, L-ricin α-oxidase, L-sorbose oxidase, lactate oxidase, malate oxidase, N-methylamino acid oxidase, N 6 -methylrycine oxidase, nitroethane oxidase, nucleoside oxidase, oxalate oxidase, putrecine oxidase, pyranose oxidase, pyridoxine 4-oxidase, pyruvate oxidase, rathosterol oxidase, sarcosine oxidase, sulphite oxidase, tyramine oxidase, urate oxidase, urease and xanthene oxidase, wherein said first enzyme provides sufficient activity to permit detection of hydrogen peroxide.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
15 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 11, wherein said oxidase has glucose oxidase activity.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
25 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 12, wherein said enzyme layer comprises a matrix and a second analyte binding moiety attached to said matrix.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
25 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 13, wherein said first analyte binding moiety is an antibody and is covalently attached to said first enzyme.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
24 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 12, wherein said oxidase is glucose oxidase and said glucose oxidase is directlv attached to said matrix.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
27 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 15, wherein said matrix is selected from the group consisting of cellulose, polycarbonate, perfluorinated material, polystrole, polyurethane, polysulphone and silica.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
14 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 16, wherein said matrix is screen printed.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
18 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 17, further comprising a reference electrode for said hydrogen peroxide electrode.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
19 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 18, wherein said enzyme layer comprises substances found in blood or urine.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
24 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 19, wherein said first hydrogen peroxide electrode comprises a surface area that fits on a test card.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
21 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 20, wherein said first hydrogen peroxide electrode and said enzyme layer are screen printed.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
28 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 20, wherein said first hydrogen peroxide electrode comprises a working area with a width between 1 mm to 20 mm wide.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
47 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 22, wherein said first hydrogen peroxide electrode is in a voltage field, wherein said voltage field has a voltage between -450 mV and -50 mV using an Ag/AgCl reference electrode, wherein said voltage field permits measurement of hydrogen peroxide reduction.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
33 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 23, further comprising a scavenger layer comprising a second enzyme and said scavenger layer is located between said first hydrogen peroxide electrode and first enzyme layer.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
41 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 24, wherein said second enzyme is L-ascorbic acid oxidase, wherein said L-ascorbic oxidase has sufficient activity to reduce the amount of dissolved oxygen in the presence of a substrate for said L-ascorbic acid oxidase.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
20 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 15, further comprising a selectively permeable layer between said matrix and said electrode.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
34 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 10, wherein said enzyme layer comprises a matrix and a second analyte binding moiety attached to said matrix, wherein said second analyte binding moiety recognizes said analyte.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
25 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 27, wherein said first analyte binding moiety is an antibody and is covalently attached to said first enzyme.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
25 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 28, wherein said oxidase produces a substrate for a second enzyme, wherein said second enzyme produces hydrogen peroxide.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
26 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 29, wherein said oxidase has lactate oxidase activity and produces pyruvate and said second enzyme has pyruvate oxidase activity.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
16 words
The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 10, wherein said oxidase is attached to said matrix.
Claim 33
Independent Claim
90 words
A method for electrically detecting the presence of an analyte comprising: measuring an electrical current from a redox electrode comprising an electrode material and a ferro isoindole ringed compound in fluid communication with an oxidase, wherein said oxidase catalyses a redox reaction that corresponds to the presence of an analyte and produces a product that either 1) directly chemically oxidizes or reduces said ferro isoindole ringed compound or 2) indirectly oxidizes or reduces said ferro isoindole ringed compound, and wherein said oxidase is attached to a first analyte binding moiety.
Claim 34
Independent Claim
90 words
A method for electrically detecting the presence of an analyte comprising: measuring an electrical current from a redox electrode comprising an electrode material and a ferro isoindole ringed compound in fluid communication with an oxidase, wherein said oxidase catalyses a redox reaction that corresponds to the presence of an analyte and produces a product that either 1) directly chemically oxidizes or reduces said ferro isoindole ringed compound or 2) indirectly oxidizes or reduces said ferro isoindole ringed compound, and wherein said oxidase is attached to a first analyte binding moiety.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 32, further comprising: applying a voltage field between said redox electrode and a reference electrode assembly.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
49 words
The method of claim 33, wherein said applying step further comprises applying said voltage field between said redox electrode and said reference electrode assembly to permit electroreduction of said ferro isoindole ringed compound from C 32 H 18 N 8 Fe(III) to C 32 H 18 N 8 Fe(II).
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 34, further comprising comparing said electrical current in the absence of said analyte and in the presence of said analyte.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 35, further comprising: quantitating the amount of said analyte in relation to the amount of said electrical current.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 35, wherein said voltage field is between -50 and -450 mV.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 37, wherein said product is hydrogen peroxide.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 38, wherein said analyte is a substrate for said oxidase.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
10 words
The method of claim 39, wherein said analyte is glucose.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2001-11-02 | 2002-05-04 | 2002-11-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2005-11-02 | 2006-05-04 | 2006-11-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2009-11-02 | 2010-05-04 | 2010-11-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |