US5378628A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Sensor for measuring the amount of a component in solution
Assignee: Asulab AG
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Filing: 1992-02-19
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Granted: 1995-01-03
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Expires: 2012-02-19
Abstract
Abstract PCT No. PCT/CH92/00034 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 19, 1992 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 19, 1992 PCT Filed Feb. 19, 1992 PCT Pub. No. WO92/14836 PCT Pub. Date Sep. 3, 1992.A sensor for measuring the amount of a component in solution is disclosed. The sensor has a measuring electrode with at least one current collector, electrically connected to one of the electrical contacts and coated with a mixture comprising at least one oxidation-reduction enzyme specific to said component and at least one mediator transferring the electrons between said enzyme and said current collector wherein the mediator is a transition metal complex with at least one bipyridine, terpyridine or phenanthroline ligand substituted by at least one electron donor group. This sensor is particularly useful in the detection of glucose.
Inventors
- 👤 Michael Gratzel
- 👤 David Fraser
- 👤 Shaik M. Zakeeruddin
- 👤 Jean-Paul Randin
- 👤 Erik J. Frenkel
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 05:39
CPC Classifications
C; C12; C12Q; C12Q1/00; C12Q1/001; C12Q1/005; C12Q1/006; C12Q1/004; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S435/00; Y10S435/817
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 16
Claim 1
Independent Claim
132 words
A sensor to be connected to a device for processing an electric signal provided by the sensor and representative of an amount of a component to be measured in a solution, said sensor comprising at least one measuring electrode and one reference electrode insulated from one another, said electrodes defining an area to receive said solution and comprising respective areas defining electrical contacts to be connected to the device for processing the signal, said measuring electrode comprising at least one current collector electrically connected to one of the electrical contacts and coated with a mixture comprising glucose oxidase as an oxidation-reduction enzyme specific to said component and at least one mediator means for transferring electrons between said enzyme and said current collector, and said mediator means comprising tris(4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'-bipyridine) osmium or bis(4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'-bipyridine)mono(4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine) osmium.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
132 words
A sensor to be connected to a device for processing an electric signal provided by the sensor and representative of an amount of a component to be measured in a solution, said sensor comprising at least one measuring electrode and one reference electrode insulated from one another, said electrodes defining an area to receive said solution and comprising respective areas defining electrical contacts to be connected to the device for processing the signal, said measuring electrode comprising at least one current collector electrically connected to one of the electrical contacts and coated with a mixture comprising glucose oxidase as an oxidation-reduction enzyme specific to said component and at least one mediator means for transferring electrons between said enzyme and said current collector, and said mediator means comprising tris(4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'-bipyridine) osmium or bis(4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'-bipyridine)mono(4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine) osmium.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
33 words
A sensor according to claim 1 wherein the mixture of the measuring electrode further comprises an active conducting material and the mediator means transfers electrons between the enzyme and said active conducting material.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
A sensor according to claim 2 wherein the active conducting material comprises a conducting polymer.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
46 words
A sensor according to claim 1 wherein the mixture of the measuring electrode comprises an additive forming an immobilization network of at least one of the enzyme of the mixture and of an active conducting material on the surface of the collector of the measuring electrode.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
56 words
An apparatus comprising a sensor according to claim 1 and said device for processing the signal provided by said sensor, said device comprising at least two areas defining electrical contacts to be connected to at least two electrodes of said sensor, an ammeter and means for displaying the amount of the component measured in the solution.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
45 words
A sensor according to claim 2 wherein the mixture of the measuring electrode comprises an additive forming an immobilization network of at least one of the enzyme and the active conducting material of the mixture on the surface of the collector of the measuring electrode.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
55 words
A sensor according to claim 2 wherein the active conducting material comprises a powder of carbon, and wherein the mixture deposited on the collector of the measuring electrode comprises between 1 and 2000 IU of glucose oxidase per mg of carbon powder and between 1 and 10000 μmol of mediator per mg of carbon powder.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
155 words
A sensor to be connected to a device for processing an electric signal provided by the sensor and representative of an amount of a component to be measured in a solution, said sensor comprising at least one measuring electrode and one reference electrode insulated from one another; said electrodes defining an area to receive said solution and comprising respective areas defining electrical contacts to be connected to the device for processing the signal; said measuring electrode comprising at least one current collector electrically connected to one of the electrical contacts and coated with a mixture comprising an active conducting material, glucose oxidase as an oxidation-reduction enzyme specific to said component, at least one mediator means for transferring electrons between said enzyme and said current collector and between said enzyme and said active conducting material, and an additive forming an immobilization network of said mixture; and said mediator means comprising tris(4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'-bipyridine) osmium or bis(4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'- bipyridine)mono(4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine) osmium.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
155 words
A sensor to be connected to a device for processing an electric signal provided by the sensor and representative of an amount of a component to be measured in a solution, said sensor comprising at least one measuring electrode and one reference electrode insulated from one another; said electrodes defining an area to receive said solution and comprising respective areas defining electrical contacts to be connected to the device for processing the signal; said measuring electrode comprising at least one current collector electrically connected to one of the electrical contacts and coated with a mixture comprising an active conducting material, glucose oxidase as an oxidation-reduction enzyme specific to said component, at least one mediator means for transferring electrons between said enzyme and said current collector and between said enzyme and said active conducting material, and an additive forming an immobilization network of said mixture; and said mediator means comprising tris(4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'-bipyridine) osmium or bis(4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'- bipyridine)mono(4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine) osmium.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
29 words
A sensor according to claim 8 wherein the active conducting material comprises a powder selected from the group consisting of carbon, gold, platinum, palladium and a conducting metal oxide.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
25 words
A sensor according to claim 8 wherein the additive is selected from the group consisting of bovine serum albumin, glutaraldehyde, carbodiimide and a water-soluble polymer.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
54 words
A sensor according to claim 8 wherein the active conducting material comprises a powder of carbon, and wherein the mixture deposited on the collector of the measuring electrode comprises 1 and 2000 IU of glucose oxidase per mg of carbon powder and between 1 and 10000 μmol of mediator per mg of carbon powder.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
44 words
A sensor according to claim 11 wherein the mixture deposited on the collector of the measuring electrode comprises between 10 and 300 IU of glucose oxidase per mg of carbon powder and between 10 and 300 μmol of mediator per mg of carbon powder.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
40 words
A sensor according to claim 12 wherein the mixture deposited on the collector of the measuring electrode comprises about 100 IU of glucose oxidase per mg of carbon powder and about 50 umol of mediator per mg of carbon powder.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
55 words
A sensor according to claim 9 wherein the active conducting material comprises a powder of carbon, and wherein the mixture deposited on the collector of the measuring electrode comprises between 1 and 2000 IU of glucose oxidase per mg of carbon powder and between 1 and 10000 μmol of mediator per mg of carbon powder.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1998-01-02 | 1998-07-04 | 1999-01-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2002-01-02 | 2002-07-04 | 2003-01-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2006-01-02 | 2006-07-04 | 2007-01-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |