Patent US5243320A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US5243320A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Resistive metal layers and method for making same
Assignee: Gould Electronics Inc
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Filing: 1991-08-26
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Granted: 1993-09-07
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Expires: 2011-08-26
Abstract
Abstract Electrodeposited planar resistive layers are disclosed, which may be combined with conductive layers and insulative layers to produce laminates useful in the preparation of printed circuit boards. The resistive layers are prepared by electroplating from an electroplating bath containing a source of a normally conductive metal component and a source of a non-metallic resistance increasing additive. Planar resistors may be produced which have sheet resistances in the range of from about 15 to about 1000 Ω per square.
Inventors
- 👤 Sidney J. Clouser
- 👤 Chinho Lee
- 👤 Mary K. Prokop
- 👤 Christopher J. Whevell
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 08:34
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01C; H01C7/00; H01C7/006; H05; H05K; H05K3/00; H05K3/46; H01C17/00; H01C17/06; H01C17/075; H01C17/14; H01C17/16; H05K1/00; H05K1/16; H05K1/167; H05K3/38; H05K3/382; H05K3/384; H05K2201/00; H05K2201/03; H05K2201/032; H05K2201/0323; H05K2201/0332; H05K2201/0335; H05K2201/0355; H05K2203/00; H05K2203/03; H05K2203/0361; H05K2203/0384; H05K2203/07; H05K2203/0703; H05K2203/0723; H05K3/02; H05K3/022; H05K3/06; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/12; Y10T428/12431; Y10T428/12438; Y10T428/12493; Y10T428/12535
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 32
Claim 1
Independent Claim
90 words
A resistive layer comprising a composite of a normally conductive metal component and a resistance increasing amount of a non-metallic additive wherein said metal component comprises chromium; said non-metallic additive comprises an average of at least about 0.001 atom of carbon or nitrogen, or combination of two or more of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, per atom of said normally conductive metal component in the bulk of the resistive layer; and said metal component comprises an average of at least about 80 weight percent of the bulk of the resistive layer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
90 words
A resistive layer comprising a composite of a normally conductive metal component and a resistance increasing amount of a non-metallic additive wherein said metal component comprises chromium; said non-metallic additive comprises an average of at least about 0.001 atom of carbon or nitrogen, or combination of two or more of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, per atom of said normally conductive metal component in the bulk of the resistive layer; and said metal component comprises an average of at least about 80 weight percent of the bulk of the resistive layer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
43 words
The resistive layer of claim 1 wherein the resistive layer has a sheet resistance in the range from about 15 to about 1000 Ω per square when the resistive layer has a thickness in the range from about 0.1 to about 0.4 micron.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
27 words
The resistive layer of claim 1 wherein the bulk of the resistive layer comprises at least about 0.01 atom of oxygen per atom of said metal component.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
23 words
The layer of claim 1 wherein the bulk of the resistive layer comprises an average of at least about 80 weight percent chromium.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
29 words
The resistive layer of claim 1 wherein the bulk of the resistive layer comprises an average of at least 0.001 atom of carbon per atom of said metal component.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
The resistive layer of claim 1 wherein the said metal component further comprises cobalt, vanadium, molybdenum or tungsten.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
61 words
The resistive layer of claim 1 wherein said non-metallic additive comprises an average of at least about 0.01 atom of oxygen and at least about 0.001 atom of carbon per atom of said metal component in the bulk of the resistive layer; and chromium comprises an average of at least about 80 weight percent of the bulk of the resistive layer.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
81 words
A resistive layer comprising a composite of a normally conductive metal component and a resistance increasing amount of a non-metallic additive wherein said metal component comprises the combination of chromium and a metal selected from the group consisting of cobalt, vanadium, molybdenum or tungsten; and said non-metallic additive comprises an average of at least about 1 atom of carbon, nitrogen or phosphorus, or a combination of two or more of carbon, nitrogen or phosphorus, per 1000 atoms of said metallic component.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
81 words
A resistive layer comprising a composite of a normally conductive metal component and a resistance increasing amount of a non-metallic additive wherein said metal component comprises the combination of chromium and a metal selected from the group consisting of cobalt, vanadium, molybdenum or tungsten; and said non-metallic additive comprises an average of at least about 1 atom of carbon, nitrogen or phosphorus, or a combination of two or more of carbon, nitrogen or phosphorus, per 1000 atoms of said metallic component.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
27 words
The resistive layer of claim 8 wherein said metal component comprises an average of at least about 80 weight percent of the bulk of the resistive layer.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
42 words
The resistive layer of claim 8 wherein said non-metallic additive comprises an average of at least about 0.01 atom of oxygen and at least about 0.001 atom of carbon per atom of said metal component in the bulk of the resistive layer.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
69 words
A resistive layer comprising a composite of a said normally conductive metal component and a resistance increasing amount of a said non-metallic component wherein said metal component comprises chromium; said non-metallic additive comprises carbon and oxygen; and the resistive layer has a thickness in the range from about 0.1 to about 0.4 microns and a sheet resistance in the range from about 15 to about 1000 Ω per square.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
69 words
A resistive layer comprising a composite of a said normally conductive metal component and a resistance increasing amount of a said non-metallic component wherein said metal component comprises chromium; said non-metallic additive comprises carbon and oxygen; and the resistive layer has a thickness in the range from about 0.1 to about 0.4 microns and a sheet resistance in the range from about 15 to about 1000 Ω per square.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
The resistive layer of claim 11 wherein the resistive layer has a bulk resistivity greater than about 600 μΩ.cm.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
32 words
The resistive layer of claim 11 wherein the bulk resistive layer comprises a body centered cubic crystal lattice structure and a simple cubic crystal lattice structure as determined by X-ray diffraction analysis.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
26 words
The resistive layer of claim 13 wherein the simple cubic crystal lattice structure comprises a minor phase of the crystal lattice structure of the resistive layer.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
16 words
A multiple layer foil comprising the resistive layer of claim 1 on a conductive foil layer.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
16 words
A multiple layer foil comprising the resistive layer of claim 7 on a conductive foil layer.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
16 words
A multiple layer foil comprising the resistive layer of claim 8 on a conductive foil layer.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
16 words
A multiple layer foil comprising the resistive layer of claim 10 on a conductive foil layer.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
16 words
A multiple layer foil comprising the resistive layer of claim 11 on a conductive foil layer.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
14 words
A laminate comprising the resistive layer of claim 1 adhered to an insulative layer.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
16 words
The laminate of claim 20 further comprising a conductive foil layer adhered to the resistive layer.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
24 words
A laminate comprising the resistive layer of claim 7 adhered to an insulative layer and a conductive foil layer adhered to the resistive layer.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
24 words
A laminate comprising the resistive layer of claim 8 adhered to an insulative layer and a conductive foil layer adhered to the resistive layer.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
24 words
A laminate comprising the resistive layer of claim 10 adhered to an insulative layer and a conductive foil layer adhered to the resistive layer.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
24 words
A laminate comprising the resistive layer of claim 11 adhered to an insulative layer and a conductive foil layer adhered to the resistive layer.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
106 words
A printed circuit board comprising an insulative layer and a resistive line bonded to the insulative layer, said resistive line comprising a composite of a normally conductive metal component and a resistance increasing amount of a non-metallic additive wherein said metal component comprises chromium; said non-metallic additive comprises an average of at least 0.001 atom of carbon or nitrogen, or a combination of two or more of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, per atom of said normally conductive metal component in the bulk of the resistive layer; and said metal component comprises an average of at least 80 weight percent of the bulk of the resistive layer.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
106 words
A printed circuit board comprising an insulative layer and a resistive line bonded to the insulative layer, said resistive line comprising a composite of a normally conductive metal component and a resistance increasing amount of a non-metallic additive wherein said metal component comprises chromium; said non-metallic additive comprises an average of at least 0.001 atom of carbon or nitrogen, or a combination of two or more of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, per atom of said normally conductive metal component in the bulk of the resistive layer; and said metal component comprises an average of at least 80 weight percent of the bulk of the resistive layer.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
98 words
A printed circuit board comprising an insulative layer and a resistive line bonded to the insulative layer, said resistive line comprising a composite of a normally conductive metal component and a resistance increasing amount of a non-metallic additive wherein said metal component comprises the combination of chromium and a metal selected from the group consisting of cobalt, vanadium, molybdenum or tungsten; and said non-metallic additive comprises an average of at least about 1 atom of carbon, nitrogen or phosphorus, or a combination of two or more of carbon, nitrogen or phosphorus, per 1000 atoms of said metallic component.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
98 words
A printed circuit board comprising an insulative layer and a resistive line bonded to the insulative layer, said resistive line comprising a composite of a normally conductive metal component and a resistance increasing amount of a non-metallic additive wherein said metal component comprises the combination of chromium and a metal selected from the group consisting of cobalt, vanadium, molybdenum or tungsten; and said non-metallic additive comprises an average of at least about 1 atom of carbon, nitrogen or phosphorus, or a combination of two or more of carbon, nitrogen or phosphorus, per 1000 atoms of said metallic component.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1996-09-06 | 1997-03-08 | 1997-09-07 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2000-09-06 | 2001-03-08 | 2001-09-07 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2004-09-06 | 2005-03-08 | 2005-09-07 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |