US4964959A — Process for preparing a nonconductive substrate f…

Claim 1

Independent Claim 177 words

In the process for electroplating a conductive metal layer to the surface of a nonconductive material, which comprises the following steps: (a) preparing a liquid dispersion of carbon black comprised of: (1) carbon black particles having an average particle diameter of less than about 3.0 microns in said dispersion; (2) an effective dispersing amount of a surfactant which is compatible with said carbon black; and (3) liquid dispersing medium, wherein the amount of carbon black is sufficient to coat substantially all of said nonconducting surfaces and is less than about 4% by weight of said liquid dispersion; (b) applying said liquid dispersion to the surface of the nonconducting material; (c) separating substantially all of said liquid dispersing medium from said carbon black particles, whereby said particles are deposited on said nonconductive surface in a substantially continuous layer; and (d) electroplating a substantially continuous conductive metal layer over the deposited carbon black layer and said nonconductive surface, wherein said improvement comprises: adding an organic ionomer or polymer salt, or combinations thereof, to the liquid dispersion in step (a).

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 177 words

In the process for electroplating a conductive metal layer to the surface of a nonconductive material, which comprises the following steps: (a) preparing a liquid dispersion of carbon black comprised of: (1) carbon black particles having an average particle diameter of less than about 3.0 microns in said dispersion; (2) an effective dispersing amount of a surfactant which is compatible with said carbon black; and (3) liquid dispersing medium, wherein the amount of carbon black is sufficient to coat substantially all of said nonconducting surfaces and is less than about 4% by weight of said liquid dispersion; (b) applying said liquid dispersion to the surface of the nonconducting material; (c) separating substantially all of said liquid dispersing medium from said carbon black particles, whereby said particles are deposited on said nonconductive surface in a substantially continuous layer; and (d) electroplating a substantially continuous conductive metal layer over the deposited carbon black layer and said nonconductive surface, wherein said improvement comprises: adding an organic ionomer or polymer salt, or combinations thereof, to the liquid dispersion in step (a).

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 32 words

A process as defined in claim 1, wherein the salt is selected from the salts of polyaniline, polyethyleneimines, sulfonated petroleum, 3-alkylpolythiopene, polypyrrole, poly(N-alkyl pyrrole), poly(3-alkyl pyrrole), polyisophianaphthlene, polyphosphagene, polyacetylene, and combinations thereof.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 13 words

A process as defined in claim 1, wherein the salt is polyaniline hydrochloride.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 13 words

A process as defined in claim 1, wherein the salt is polyaniline sulfate.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 14 words

A process as defined in claim 1, wherein the salt is a quaternary polyethyleneimine.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 17 words

A process as defined in claim 1, wherein the salt is a barium salt of sulfonated petroleum.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 175 words

In the process for electroplating a conductive metal layer to the surface of a nonconductive material, which comprises the following steps: (a) preparing a liquid dispersion of carbon black comprised of: (1) carbon black particles having an average particle diameter of less than about 3.0 microns in said dispersion; (2) an effective dispersing amount of a surfactant which is compatible with said carbon black; and (3) liquid dispersing medium, wherein the amount of carbon black is sufficient to coat substantially all of said nonconducting surfaces and is less than about 4% by weight of said liquid dispersion; (b) applying said liquid dispersion to the surface of the nonconducting material; (c) separating substantially all of said liquid dispersing medium from said carbon black particles, whereby said particles are deposited on said nonconductive surface in a substantially continuous layer; and (d) electroplating a substantially continuous conductive metal layer over the deposited carbon black layer and said nonconductive surface, wherein said improvement comprises: treating the carbon black particles in step (a)(1) with an organic ionomer or polymer salt.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 175 words

In the process for electroplating a conductive metal layer to the surface of a nonconductive material, which comprises the following steps: (a) preparing a liquid dispersion of carbon black comprised of: (1) carbon black particles having an average particle diameter of less than about 3.0 microns in said dispersion; (2) an effective dispersing amount of a surfactant which is compatible with said carbon black; and (3) liquid dispersing medium, wherein the amount of carbon black is sufficient to coat substantially all of said nonconducting surfaces and is less than about 4% by weight of said liquid dispersion; (b) applying said liquid dispersion to the surface of the nonconducting material; (c) separating substantially all of said liquid dispersing medium from said carbon black particles, whereby said particles are deposited on said nonconductive surface in a substantially continuous layer; and (d) electroplating a substantially continuous conductive metal layer over the deposited carbon black layer and said nonconductive surface, wherein said improvement comprises: treating the carbon black particles in step (a)(1) with an organic ionomer or polymer salt.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 32 words

A process as defined in claim 7, wherein the salt is selected from the salts of polyaniline, polyethyleneimines, sulfonated petroleum, 3-alkylpolythiopene, polypyrrole, poly(N-alkyl pyrrole), poly(3-alkyl pyrrole), polyisophianaphthlene, polyphosphagene, polyacetylene, and combinations thereof.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 13 words

A process as defined in claim 7, wherein the salt is polyaniline hydrochloride.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 13 words

A process as defined in claim 7, wherein the salt is polyaniline sulfate.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 14 words

A process as defined in claim 7, wherein the salt is a quaternary polyethyleneimines.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 17 words

A process as defined in claim 7, wherein the salt is a barium salt of sulfonated petroleum.

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 17 words

A process as defined in claim 7 wherein the carbon black is treated prior to step (a).

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 23 words

A process as defined in claim 13, wherein the carbon black is coated with a solution of the organic ionomer or polymer salt.

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 224 words

In the process for electroplating the walls of through holes in a laminated printed wiring board comprised of at least one nonconducting layer laminated to at least two separate conductive metal layers, which comprises the steps: (a) contacting said printed wiring board having said through holes with a liquid dispersion of carbon black comprised of: (1) carbon black particles having an average particle size of less than about 3 0 microns in said dispersion; (2) an effective dispersing amount of a surfactant which is compatible with said carbon black; and (3) liquid dispersing medium, wherein the amount of carbon black is sufficient to coat substantially all of said nonconducting surfaces and is less than about 4% by weight of said liquid dispersion; (b) separating substantially all of said liquid dispersing medium from said applied dispersion, thereby depositing said carbon black particles in a substantially continuous layer on said nonconducting portions of said hole walls; (c) microetching said metal layers of said printed wiring board to remove deposited carbon black therefrom; and (d) later electroplating a substantially continuous metal layer over the deposited carbon black layer on said nonconducting portions of hole walls, thereby electrically connecting said metal layers of said printed wiring board; wherein said improvement comprises: adding an organic ionomer or polymer salt, or combinations thereof, to the liquid dispersion in step (a).

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 224 words

In the process for electroplating the walls of through holes in a laminated printed wiring board comprised of at least one nonconducting layer laminated to at least two separate conductive metal layers, which comprises the steps: (a) contacting said printed wiring board having said through holes with a liquid dispersion of carbon black comprised of: (1) carbon black particles having an average particle size of less than about 3 0 microns in said dispersion; (2) an effective dispersing amount of a surfactant which is compatible with said carbon black; and (3) liquid dispersing medium, wherein the amount of carbon black is sufficient to coat substantially all of said nonconducting surfaces and is less than about 4% by weight of said liquid dispersion; (b) separating substantially all of said liquid dispersing medium from said applied dispersion, thereby depositing said carbon black particles in a substantially continuous layer on said nonconducting portions of said hole walls; (c) microetching said metal layers of said printed wiring board to remove deposited carbon black therefrom; and (d) later electroplating a substantially continuous metal layer over the deposited carbon black layer on said nonconducting portions of hole walls, thereby electrically connecting said metal layers of said printed wiring board; wherein said improvement comprises: adding an organic ionomer or polymer salt, or combinations thereof, to the liquid dispersion in step (a).

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 32 words

A process as defined in claim 15, wherein the salt is selected from the salts of polyaniline, polyethyleneimines, sulfonated petroleum, 3-alkylpolythiopene, polypyrrole, poly(N-alkyl pyrrole), poly(3-alkyl pyrrole), polyisophianaphthlene, polyphosphagene, polyacetylene, and combinations thereof.

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 13 words

A process as defined in claim 15, wherein the salt is polyaniline hydrochloride.

Claim 21

Dependent Claim 13 words

A process as defined in claim 15, wherein the salt is polyaniline sulfate.

Claim 22

Dependent Claim 14 words

A process as defined in claim 15, wherein the salt is a quaternary polyethyleneimines.

Claim 23

Dependent Claim 17 words

A process as defined in claim 15, wherein the salt is a barium salt of sulfonated petroleum.

Claim 24

Dependent Claim 221 words

In the process for electroplating the walls of through holes in a laminated printed wiring board comprised of at least one nonconducting layer laminated to at least two separate conductive metal layers, which comprises the steps: (a) contacting said printed wiring board having said through holes with a liquid dispersion of carbon black comprised of: (1) carbon black particles having an average particle size of less than about 3.0 microns in said dispersion; (2) an effective dispersing amount of a surfactant which is compatible with said carbon black; and (3) liquid dispersing medium, wherein the amount of carbon black is sufficient to coat substantially all of said nonconducting surfaces and is less than about 4% by weight of said liquid dispersion; (b) separating substantially all of said liquid dispersing medium from said applied dispersion, thereby depositing said carbon black particles in a substantially continuous layer on said nonconducting portions of said hole walls; (c) microetching said metal layers of said printed wiring board to remove deposited carbon black therefrom; and (d) later electroplating a substantially continuous metal layer over the deposited carbon black layer on said nonconducting portions of hole walls, thereby electrically connecting said metal layers of said printed wiring board; wherein said improvement comprises: treating the carbon black particles in step (a)(1) with an organic ionomer or polymer salt.

Claim 25

Dependent Claim 221 words

In the process for electroplating the walls of through holes in a laminated printed wiring board comprised of at least one nonconducting layer laminated to at least two separate conductive metal layers, which comprises the steps: (a) contacting said printed wiring board having said through holes with a liquid dispersion of carbon black comprised of: (1) carbon black particles having an average particle size of less than about 3.0 microns in said dispersion; (2) an effective dispersing amount of a surfactant which is compatible with said carbon black; and (3) liquid dispersing medium, wherein the amount of carbon black is sufficient to coat substantially all of said nonconducting surfaces and is less than about 4% by weight of said liquid dispersion; (b) separating substantially all of said liquid dispersing medium from said applied dispersion, thereby depositing said carbon black particles in a substantially continuous layer on said nonconducting portions of said hole walls; (c) microetching said metal layers of said printed wiring board to remove deposited carbon black therefrom; and (d) later electroplating a substantially continuous metal layer over the deposited carbon black layer on said nonconducting portions of hole walls, thereby electrically connecting said metal layers of said printed wiring board; wherein said improvement comprises: treating the carbon black particles in step (a)(1) with an organic ionomer or polymer salt.

Claim 26

Dependent Claim 32 words

A process as defined in claim 21, wherein the salt is selected from the salts of polyaniline, polyethyleneimines, sulfonated petroleum, 3-alkylpolythiopene, polypyrrole, poly(N-alkyl pyrrole), poly(3-alkyl pyrrole), polyisophianaphthlene, polyphosphagene, polyacetylene, and combinations thereof.

Claim 27

Dependent Claim 13 words

A process as defined in claim 21, wherein the salt is polyaniline hydrochloride.

Claim 28

Dependent Claim 13 words

A process as defined in claim 21, wherein the salt is polyaniline sulfate.

Claim 29

Dependent Claim 14 words

A process as defined in claim 21, wherein the salt is a quaternary polyethyleneimines.

Claim 30

Dependent Claim 17 words

A process as defined in claim 21, wherein the salt is a barium salt of sulfonated petroleum.

Claim 31

Dependent Claim 17 words

A process as defined in claim 21 wherein the carbon black is treated prior to step (a).

Claim 32

Dependent Claim 23 words

A process as defined in claim 27, wherein the carbon black is coated with a solution of the organic ionomer or polymer salt.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1993-10-22	1994-04-23	1994-10-23	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	1997-10-22	1998-04-23	1998-10-23	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	2001-10-22	2002-04-23	2002-10-23	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Process for preparing a nonconductive substrate for electroplating

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