Patent US2069897A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4724005A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Liquid carbon black dispersion
Assignee: MacDermid Acumen Inc
•
Filing: 1986-05-01
•
Granted: 1988-02-09
•
Expires: 2006-05-01
Abstract
Abstract A process for electroplating a conductive metal layer to the surface of a non-conductive material which comprises: (a) preparing a liquid dispersion of carbon black comprised of: (1) carbon black particles having an average particle diameter of less than about 3.0 microns in said dispersion; (2) an effective dispersing amount of a surfactant which is compatible with said carbon black; and (3) liquid dispersing medium, wherein the amount of carbon black is sufficient to coat substantially all of said non-conducting surfaces and is less than about 4% by weight of said liquid dispersion; (b) applying said liquid dispersion to the surface of the non-conducting material; (c) separating substantially all of said liquid dispersing medium from said carbon black particles, whereby said particles are deposited on said non-conductive surface in a substantially continuous layer; and (d) electroplating a substantially continuous conductive metal layer over the deposited carbon black layer and said non-conductive surface.
Inventors
- 👤 Karl L. Minten
- 👤 Galina Pismennaya
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 07:51
CPC Classifications
H; H05; H05K; H05K3/00; H05K3/40; H05K3/42; H05K3/423; H05K3/424; C; C25; C25D; C25D5/00; C25D5/54; C25D5/56; H05K3/10; H05K3/18; H05K3/188; H05K2201/00; H05K2201/03; H05K2201/032; H05K2201/0323; H05K2203/00; H05K2203/12; H05K2203/122; H05K3/425; H05K3/427
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 9
Claim 1
Independent Claim
122 words
A liquid dispersion suitable for use in enhancing the electroplating of a non-conducting surface comprised of: (a) carbon black particles having an average particle size of less than about 3.0 microns in said dispersion; (b) an effective dispersing amount of a surfactant which is compatible with said carbon black; (c) a sufficient amount of at least one alkaline hydroxide to rise the pH of said liquid dispersion in the range from about 10 to 14; and (d) liquid dispersing medium, wherein the amount of carbon black is sufficient to coat substantially all of said non-conducting surface and is less than about 4% by weight of said liquid dispersion and wherein said liquid dispersion contains less than about 10% by weight solids constituents.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
122 words
A liquid dispersion suitable for use in enhancing the electroplating of a non-conducting surface comprised of: (a) carbon black particles having an average particle size of less than about 3.0 microns in said dispersion; (b) an effective dispersing amount of a surfactant which is compatible with said carbon black; (c) a sufficient amount of at least one alkaline hydroxide to rise the pH of said liquid dispersion in the range from about 10 to 14; and (d) liquid dispersing medium, wherein the amount of carbon black is sufficient to coat substantially all of said non-conducting surface and is less than about 4% by weight of said liquid dispersion and wherein said liquid dispersion contains less than about 10% by weight solids constituents.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
23 words
The dispersion of claim 1 wherein said alkaline hydroxide is selected from the group consisting of potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, and ammonium hydroxide.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
28 words
The dispersion of claim 1 wherein said liquid dispersion further comprises an alkaline silicate, which is formed by the reaction of fumed silica particles and said alkaline hydroxide.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
23 words
The dispersion of claim 1 wherein said carbon black particles have an initial pH in the range from about 2 to about 4.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
The dispersion of claim 1 wherein said surfactant is a phosphate ester anionic surfactant.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
12 words
The dispersion of claim 1 wherein said liquid dispersion medium is water.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
71 words
The dispersion of claim 1 wherein said dispersion further comprises an alkaline hydroxide and an alkaline silicate, which is formed by the reaction of fumed silica particles and said alkaline hydroxide and said liquid dispersing medium is water, wherein the percentages of each component of said dispersion is as follows: Carbon Black: 0.1-4% by weight Surfactant: 0.01-4% by weight Alkaline Hydroxide: 0-1% by weight Fumed Silica: 0-1% by weight Water: Balance.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
35 words
The dispersion of claim 7 wherein said dispersion consists essentially of: Carbon Black: 0.2-2% by weight Phosphate Ester Anionic Surfactant: 0.05-2% by weight Potassium Hydroxide: 0.4-0.8% by weight Fumed Silica: 0.2-0.8% by weight Water: Balance.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US409096A
Cited
US1037469A
Cited
US1352331A
Cited
US2243429A
Cited
US2794749A
Cited
US3163588A
Cited
US2947064A
Cited
US3014818A
Cited
US3003975A
Cited
US3099608A
Cited
US3152996A
Cited
US3294733A
Cited
US3249559A
Cited
US3799802A
Cited
US3696054A
Cited
US4035265A
Cited
US3910852A
Cited
US3941584A
Cited
US3929707A
Cited
US4156616A
Cited
US4090984A
Cited
US4239794A
Cited
US4305847A
Cited
US4389268A
Cited
US4478882A
Cited
US4581301A
Cited
US4600736A
Cited
US4619741A
Cited
US4631117A
Cited
US4622107A
Cited
US4622108A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-02-08 | 1991-08-10 | 1992-02-09 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-02-08 | 1995-08-10 | 1996-02-09 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-02-08 | 1999-08-10 | 2000-02-09 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |