US4964959A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Process for preparing a nonconductive substrate for electroplating
Assignee: MacDermid Acumen Inc
•
Filing: 1990-04-12
•
Granted: 1990-10-23
•
Expires: 2010-04-12
Abstract
Abstract Described herein is an improved process for electroplating a conductive metal layer to the surface of a nonconductive material comprising the following steps: (a) preparing a liquid dispersion of carbon black comprised of: (1) carbon black particles having an average particle diameter of less than about 3.0 microns in said dispersion; (2) an effective dispersing amount of a surfactant which is compatible with said carbon black; and (3) liquid dispersing medium, wherein the amount of carbon black is sufficient to coat substantially all of said nonconducting surfaces and is less than about 4% by weight of said liquid dispersion; (b) applying said liquid dispersion to the surface of the nonconducting material; (c) separating substantially all of said liquid dispersing medium from said carbon black particles, whereby said particles are deposited on said nonconductive surface in a substantially continuous layer; and (d) electroplating a substantially continuous conductive metal layer over the deposited carbon black layer and said nonconductive surface, wherein the improvement comprises adding an organic ionomer or polymer salt to the liquid dispersion in step (a).
Inventors
- 👤 Barry F. Nelsen
- 👤 Jieh-Hwa Shyu
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 02:08
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25D; C25D5/00; C25D5/54; H; H05; H05K; H05K3/00; H05K3/40; H05K3/42; H05K3/423; H05K3/424; H05K2201/00; H05K2201/03; H05K2201/032; H05K2201/0323; H05K2201/0329; H05K2203/00; H05K2203/12; H05K2203/122; H05K3/425; H05K3/427
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 32
Claim 1
Independent Claim
177 words
In the process for electroplating a conductive metal layer to the surface of a nonconductive material, which comprises the following steps: (a) preparing a liquid dispersion of carbon black comprised of: (1) carbon black particles having an average particle diameter of less than about 3.0 microns in said dispersion; (2) an effective dispersing amount of a surfactant which is compatible with said carbon black; and (3) liquid dispersing medium, wherein the amount of carbon black is sufficient to coat substantially all of said nonconducting surfaces and is less than about 4% by weight of said liquid dispersion; (b) applying said liquid dispersion to the surface of the nonconducting material; (c) separating substantially all of said liquid dispersing medium from said carbon black particles, whereby said particles are deposited on said nonconductive surface in a substantially continuous layer; and (d) electroplating a substantially continuous conductive metal layer over the deposited carbon black layer and said nonconductive surface, wherein said improvement comprises: adding an organic ionomer or polymer salt, or combinations thereof, to the liquid dispersion in step (a).
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
177 words
In the process for electroplating a conductive metal layer to the surface of a nonconductive material, which comprises the following steps: (a) preparing a liquid dispersion of carbon black comprised of: (1) carbon black particles having an average particle diameter of less than about 3.0 microns in said dispersion; (2) an effective dispersing amount of a surfactant which is compatible with said carbon black; and (3) liquid dispersing medium, wherein the amount of carbon black is sufficient to coat substantially all of said nonconducting surfaces and is less than about 4% by weight of said liquid dispersion; (b) applying said liquid dispersion to the surface of the nonconducting material; (c) separating substantially all of said liquid dispersing medium from said carbon black particles, whereby said particles are deposited on said nonconductive surface in a substantially continuous layer; and (d) electroplating a substantially continuous conductive metal layer over the deposited carbon black layer and said nonconductive surface, wherein said improvement comprises: adding an organic ionomer or polymer salt, or combinations thereof, to the liquid dispersion in step (a).
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as defined in claim 1, wherein the salt is selected from the salts of polyaniline, polyethyleneimines, sulfonated petroleum, 3-alkylpolythiopene, polypyrrole, poly(N-alkyl pyrrole), poly(3-alkyl pyrrole), polyisophianaphthlene, polyphosphagene, polyacetylene, and combinations thereof.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process as defined in claim 1, wherein the salt is polyaniline hydrochloride.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process as defined in claim 1, wherein the salt is polyaniline sulfate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as defined in claim 1, wherein the salt is a quaternary polyethyleneimine.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process as defined in claim 1, wherein the salt is a barium salt of sulfonated petroleum.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
175 words
In the process for electroplating a conductive metal layer to the surface of a nonconductive material, which comprises the following steps: (a) preparing a liquid dispersion of carbon black comprised of: (1) carbon black particles having an average particle diameter of less than about 3.0 microns in said dispersion; (2) an effective dispersing amount of a surfactant which is compatible with said carbon black; and (3) liquid dispersing medium, wherein the amount of carbon black is sufficient to coat substantially all of said nonconducting surfaces and is less than about 4% by weight of said liquid dispersion; (b) applying said liquid dispersion to the surface of the nonconducting material; (c) separating substantially all of said liquid dispersing medium from said carbon black particles, whereby said particles are deposited on said nonconductive surface in a substantially continuous layer; and (d) electroplating a substantially continuous conductive metal layer over the deposited carbon black layer and said nonconductive surface, wherein said improvement comprises: treating the carbon black particles in step (a)(1) with an organic ionomer or polymer salt.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
175 words
In the process for electroplating a conductive metal layer to the surface of a nonconductive material, which comprises the following steps: (a) preparing a liquid dispersion of carbon black comprised of: (1) carbon black particles having an average particle diameter of less than about 3.0 microns in said dispersion; (2) an effective dispersing amount of a surfactant which is compatible with said carbon black; and (3) liquid dispersing medium, wherein the amount of carbon black is sufficient to coat substantially all of said nonconducting surfaces and is less than about 4% by weight of said liquid dispersion; (b) applying said liquid dispersion to the surface of the nonconducting material; (c) separating substantially all of said liquid dispersing medium from said carbon black particles, whereby said particles are deposited on said nonconductive surface in a substantially continuous layer; and (d) electroplating a substantially continuous conductive metal layer over the deposited carbon black layer and said nonconductive surface, wherein said improvement comprises: treating the carbon black particles in step (a)(1) with an organic ionomer or polymer salt.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as defined in claim 7, wherein the salt is selected from the salts of polyaniline, polyethyleneimines, sulfonated petroleum, 3-alkylpolythiopene, polypyrrole, poly(N-alkyl pyrrole), poly(3-alkyl pyrrole), polyisophianaphthlene, polyphosphagene, polyacetylene, and combinations thereof.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process as defined in claim 7, wherein the salt is polyaniline hydrochloride.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process as defined in claim 7, wherein the salt is polyaniline sulfate.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as defined in claim 7, wherein the salt is a quaternary polyethyleneimines.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process as defined in claim 7, wherein the salt is a barium salt of sulfonated petroleum.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process as defined in claim 7 wherein the carbon black is treated prior to step (a).
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process as defined in claim 13, wherein the carbon black is coated with a solution of the organic ionomer or polymer salt.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
224 words
In the process for electroplating the walls of through holes in a laminated printed wiring board comprised of at least one nonconducting layer laminated to at least two separate conductive metal layers, which comprises the steps: (a) contacting said printed wiring board having said through holes with a liquid dispersion of carbon black comprised of: (1) carbon black particles having an average particle size of less than about 3 0 microns in said dispersion; (2) an effective dispersing amount of a surfactant which is compatible with said carbon black; and (3) liquid dispersing medium, wherein the amount of carbon black is sufficient to coat substantially all of said nonconducting surfaces and is less than about 4% by weight of said liquid dispersion; (b) separating substantially all of said liquid dispersing medium from said applied dispersion, thereby depositing said carbon black particles in a substantially continuous layer on said nonconducting portions of said hole walls; (c) microetching said metal layers of said printed wiring board to remove deposited carbon black therefrom; and (d) later electroplating a substantially continuous metal layer over the deposited carbon black layer on said nonconducting portions of hole walls, thereby electrically connecting said metal layers of said printed wiring board; wherein said improvement comprises: adding an organic ionomer or polymer salt, or combinations thereof, to the liquid dispersion in step (a).
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
224 words
In the process for electroplating the walls of through holes in a laminated printed wiring board comprised of at least one nonconducting layer laminated to at least two separate conductive metal layers, which comprises the steps: (a) contacting said printed wiring board having said through holes with a liquid dispersion of carbon black comprised of: (1) carbon black particles having an average particle size of less than about 3 0 microns in said dispersion; (2) an effective dispersing amount of a surfactant which is compatible with said carbon black; and (3) liquid dispersing medium, wherein the amount of carbon black is sufficient to coat substantially all of said nonconducting surfaces and is less than about 4% by weight of said liquid dispersion; (b) separating substantially all of said liquid dispersing medium from said applied dispersion, thereby depositing said carbon black particles in a substantially continuous layer on said nonconducting portions of said hole walls; (c) microetching said metal layers of said printed wiring board to remove deposited carbon black therefrom; and (d) later electroplating a substantially continuous metal layer over the deposited carbon black layer on said nonconducting portions of hole walls, thereby electrically connecting said metal layers of said printed wiring board; wherein said improvement comprises: adding an organic ionomer or polymer salt, or combinations thereof, to the liquid dispersion in step (a).
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as defined in claim 15, wherein the salt is selected from the salts of polyaniline, polyethyleneimines, sulfonated petroleum, 3-alkylpolythiopene, polypyrrole, poly(N-alkyl pyrrole), poly(3-alkyl pyrrole), polyisophianaphthlene, polyphosphagene, polyacetylene, and combinations thereof.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process as defined in claim 15, wherein the salt is polyaniline hydrochloride.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process as defined in claim 15, wherein the salt is polyaniline sulfate.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as defined in claim 15, wherein the salt is a quaternary polyethyleneimines.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process as defined in claim 15, wherein the salt is a barium salt of sulfonated petroleum.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
221 words
In the process for electroplating the walls of through holes in a laminated printed wiring board comprised of at least one nonconducting layer laminated to at least two separate conductive metal layers, which comprises the steps: (a) contacting said printed wiring board having said through holes with a liquid dispersion of carbon black comprised of: (1) carbon black particles having an average particle size of less than about 3.0 microns in said dispersion; (2) an effective dispersing amount of a surfactant which is compatible with said carbon black; and (3) liquid dispersing medium, wherein the amount of carbon black is sufficient to coat substantially all of said nonconducting surfaces and is less than about 4% by weight of said liquid dispersion; (b) separating substantially all of said liquid dispersing medium from said applied dispersion, thereby depositing said carbon black particles in a substantially continuous layer on said nonconducting portions of said hole walls; (c) microetching said metal layers of said printed wiring board to remove deposited carbon black therefrom; and (d) later electroplating a substantially continuous metal layer over the deposited carbon black layer on said nonconducting portions of hole walls, thereby electrically connecting said metal layers of said printed wiring board; wherein said improvement comprises: treating the carbon black particles in step (a)(1) with an organic ionomer or polymer salt.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
221 words
In the process for electroplating the walls of through holes in a laminated printed wiring board comprised of at least one nonconducting layer laminated to at least two separate conductive metal layers, which comprises the steps: (a) contacting said printed wiring board having said through holes with a liquid dispersion of carbon black comprised of: (1) carbon black particles having an average particle size of less than about 3.0 microns in said dispersion; (2) an effective dispersing amount of a surfactant which is compatible with said carbon black; and (3) liquid dispersing medium, wherein the amount of carbon black is sufficient to coat substantially all of said nonconducting surfaces and is less than about 4% by weight of said liquid dispersion; (b) separating substantially all of said liquid dispersing medium from said applied dispersion, thereby depositing said carbon black particles in a substantially continuous layer on said nonconducting portions of said hole walls; (c) microetching said metal layers of said printed wiring board to remove deposited carbon black therefrom; and (d) later electroplating a substantially continuous metal layer over the deposited carbon black layer on said nonconducting portions of hole walls, thereby electrically connecting said metal layers of said printed wiring board; wherein said improvement comprises: treating the carbon black particles in step (a)(1) with an organic ionomer or polymer salt.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as defined in claim 21, wherein the salt is selected from the salts of polyaniline, polyethyleneimines, sulfonated petroleum, 3-alkylpolythiopene, polypyrrole, poly(N-alkyl pyrrole), poly(3-alkyl pyrrole), polyisophianaphthlene, polyphosphagene, polyacetylene, and combinations thereof.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process as defined in claim 21, wherein the salt is polyaniline hydrochloride.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process as defined in claim 21, wherein the salt is polyaniline sulfate.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as defined in claim 21, wherein the salt is a quaternary polyethyleneimines.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process as defined in claim 21, wherein the salt is a barium salt of sulfonated petroleum.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process as defined in claim 21 wherein the carbon black is treated prior to step (a).
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process as defined in claim 27, wherein the carbon black is coated with a solution of the organic ionomer or polymer salt.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1993-10-22 | 1994-04-23 | 1994-10-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1997-10-22 | 1998-04-23 | 1998-10-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2001-10-22 | 2002-04-23 | 2002-10-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |