Patent USRE33550E successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
USRE33550E
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Restraint edge for paving members
Assignee: Stephen Jones
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Filing: 1990-04-19
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Granted: 1991-03-12
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Expires: 2010-04-19
Abstract
Abstract Landscaping support apparatus is provided which includes substantially vertical strip restraining elements for defining a boundary around hard surface elements. The vertical strip restraining elements include an inner surface facing toward the hard surface elements for receiving substantially horizontal forces from the hard surface elements. Horizontal extension elements are provided which extend out from an outer surface of the vertical strip restraining elements in at least the lower region of the upright strip restraining elements for receiving vertical forces relative to the ground surface. Force converting elements are provided for converting the horizontal forces received by the vertical strip restraining elements into vertical forces against the horizontal extension elements, thereby restraining the hard surface elements in the boundary. Attaching elements are provided which permit a detachable mounting of at least one of the horizontal extension elements and the force converting elements to the vertical strip restraining elements.
Inventors
- 👤 Stephen Jones
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 02:46
CPC Classifications
E; E01; E01C; E01C11/00; E01C11/22; E01C11/221
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 20
Claim 1
Independent Claim
2061 words
a longest side of said triangular cross section..]. .[.25. Arrangement as in claim 24, wherein said connecting strip means, said vertical strip restraining means and said base strip means are a continuous extrusion..]. .[.26. Paving stone edge restraining apparatus for edging and restraining paving stones on a base surface comprising: substantially vertical strip restraining means for defining a boundary around said paving stones, said substantially vertical strip restraining means being flexibly formed to accommodate for irregular shaped boundaries around said paving stones, said substantially vertical strip restraining means including a first side surface for facing said paving stones and for receiving substantially horizontal forces from said paving stones and a second side surface facing away from said paving stones; and substantially horizontal extension means extending out laterally from said second side surface of said substantially vertical strip restraining means; and force converting means interconnecting said substantially vertical strip restraining means to said substantially horizontal extension means in the form of a closed hollow profile for converting said horizontal forces received by said substantially vertical strip restraining means into vertical forces into said base surface..]. .[.27. Apparatus as in claim 26, wherein said extension means have a total length extending from said vertical strip restraining means together than a first length portion of said vertical strip restraining means extending from said extension means to an upper end of said vertical strip restraining means..]. .[.28. Apparatus as in claim 26, wherein said extension means include base extension strip means extending out substantially transverse from said surface of said vertical strip restraining means in a lower region..]. .[.29. Apparatus as in claim 28, wherein said base extension means include a continuous planar base extension strip..]. .[.30. Apparatus as in claim 28, wherein said force converting means include connecting means for connecting said vertical strip restraining means to said base extension means..]. .[.31. Apparatus as in claim 30, wherein said connecting means include a continuous planar connecting strip..]. .[.32. Apparatus as in claim 30, wherein said connecting means further include a connecting strip connecting said vertical strip restraining means and horizontal extension means and cross connecting means connecting a central portion of said connecting strip to at least one of said vertical strip restraining means and said base extension means..]. .[.33. Apparatus as in claim 30, wherein said connecting means, a portion of said vertical strip restraining means and a portion of said base extension means form a triangular cross section, said connecting means forming a longest side of said triangular cross section..]. .[.34. Apparatus as in claim 33, wherein said triangular cross section includes a right triangle and said connecting means is a hypotenuse of said right triangle..]. .[.35. Apparatus as in claim 33, wherein said connecting means include a continuous planar connecting strip, said base extension means include a continuous planar base extension strip and said vertical strip restraining means include a continuous planar vertical restraining strip, said base strip and vertical strip having a continuous juncture line parallel to said defined boundary of said paving stones..]. .[.36. Apparatus as in claim 35, wherein said base extension strip has a length extending from said vertical restraining strip longer than a length of said vertical restraining strip extending from said base extension strip to an upper end of said vertical restraining strip..]. .[.37. Apparatus as in claim 36, wherein said base extension strip has a length of about three to four inches and said vertical restraining strip has a length of about one to two inches..]. .[.38. Apparatus as in claim 36, wherein said connecting strip extends from an outer end of said base extension strip at an end opposite to said vertical restraining strip to said vertical restraining strip at a line approximately three-fourths of said vertical restraining strip length from said base extension strip..]. .[.39. Apparatus as in claim 38, wherein said vertical restraining strip includes a border length parallel to said boundary of said paving stones, said connecting strip including cut out portions along intervals of said vertical restraining planar strip border length, said base extension strip including cut out portions corresponding to said cut out portions of said connecting strip..]. .[.40. Apparatus as in claim 39, wherein said cut out portions of said connecting strip and said base extension strip are triangular sections, said triangular sections having an apex at a juncture of said connecting strip and said vertical restraining strip and at a juncture of said base extension strip and said vertical restraining strip..]. .[.41. Apparatus as in claim 35, wherein said connecting strip and said base extension strip include an aperture therethrough for receiving a stake, said aperture of the connecting strip and the base extension strip being aligned around a common axis parallel to the vertical restraining strip..]. .[.42. Apparatus as in claim 35, further including connecting peg means for connecting adjacent sections of vertical restraining strips, said connecting peg means wedging in between said triangular cross section..]. .[.43. Apparatus as in claim 35, further including a lower lip extending from the inner surface of said vertical restraining strip in the same plane as the base extension strip..]. .[.44. Apparatus as in claim 26, wherein said force converting means includes connecting means, extending from said vertical strip restraining means and being inclined toward said horizontal extension means..]. .[.45. Apparatus as in claim 44, wherein said horizontal extension means extends from a lower end region of said vertical strip restraining means and said connecting means extends from a region greater than half the length of said vertical strip restraining means above said horizontal extension means..]. .[.46. Apparatus as in claim 26, wherein said vertical strip restraining means and said horizontal extension means are connected to one another at a 90° angle..]. .[.47. Apparatus as in claim 46, wherein said force converting means includes connecting means extending from said vertical strip restraining means and being inclined toward said horizontal extension means..]. .[.48. Apparatus as in claim 26, further including stake means inserted through said force converting means and said horizontal extension means..]. .[.49. Apparatus as in claim 48, wherein said inserted stake means is substantially parallel to said vertical strip restraining means..]. .[.50. Apparatus as in claim 26, wherein said vertical strip restraining means includes a border length parallel to said boundary of said paving stones, said force converting means including cut out portion along intervals of said vertical strip restraining means, said horizontal extension means including cut out portions corresponding to said cut out portions of said force converting means..]. .[.51. Apparatus as in claim 26, wherein said force converting means and said horizontal extension means each include an aperture therethrough for receiving a stake, said aperture of said force converting and said horizontal extension means being aligned around a common axis parallel to said vertical strip restraining means..]. .[.52. Apparatus as in claim 26, further including connecting peg means for connecting adjacent sections of vertical strip restraining means, said connecting peg means wedging into at least a portion of said closed hollow profile..]. .[.53. Apparatus as in claim 26, wherein said force converting means, at least a portion of said vertical strip restraining means and at least a portion of said horizontal extension means form said closed hollow profile..]. .[.54. Apparatus as in claim 26, wherein said vertical strip restraining means, said horizontal extension means and said force converting means are a continuous extrusion..]. .[.55. Apparatus as in claim 32, wherein said cross connecting means extends from said connecting strip central portion to a juncture of said vertical strip restraining means and said base extension means..]. .[.56. Apparatus as in claim 54, further including connecting peg means for connecting adjacent sections of vertical strip restraining means, said connecting peg means wedging in between said vertical strip restraining means, said connecting strip and said cross connecting means..]. .[.57. Apparatus as in claim 41, further including a plurality of said stake apertures and a stake extending through each of said stake apertures..]. .[.58. Support apparatus for edging and restraining a hard surface means in a given position on ground surface comprising: substantially vertical strip restraining means for defining a boundary around said hard surface means, said vertical strip restraining means having an upper region, a lower region, an inner surface facing toward said hard surface means for receiving substantially horizontal forces from said hard surface means, and an outer surface facing away from said hard surface means; base strip extension means extending out from said outer surface of said vertical strip restraining means in said lower region for receiving vertical forces relative to the ground surface; force converting means for converting said horizontal forces received by said vertical strip restraining means into vertical forces against said base strip extension means thereby restraining said hard surface means in said boundary, said force converting means including connecting strip means for connecting said vertical strip restraining means to said base strip extension means; and wherein said connecting strip means, a portion of said vertical strip restraining means and a portion of said base extension means form a triangular cross section, said vertical strip restraining means including a border length parallel to said boundary of said hard surface means, said connecting strip means including cut out portions along intervals of said vertical strip restraining means border length, and base strip extension means including cut out portion corresponding to said cut out portions of said connecting strip means..]. .[.59. Apparatus as in claim 58, wherein said triangular cross section is a closed hollow profile..]. .[.60. Landscaping support apparatus for edging and restraining a hard surface means in a given position on ground surface comprising: substantially vertical strip restraining means for defining a boundary around said hard surface means, said vertical strip restraining means having an upper region, a lower region, an inner surface facing toward said hard surface means for receiving substantially horizontal forces from said hard surface means, and an outer surface facing away from said hard surface means; base strip extension means extending out from said outer surface of said vertical strip restraining means in said lower region for receiving vertical forces relative to the ground surface; force converting means for converting said horizontal forces received by said vertical strip restraining means into vertical forces against said base strip extension means thereby restraining said hard surface means in said boundary, said force converting means including connecting strip means for connecting said vertical strip restraining means to said base strip extension means; wherein said connecting means, a portion of said vertical strip restraining means and a portion of said base extension means form a triangular cross section; and connecting peg means for connecting adjacent sections of said vertical strip restraining means, said connecting peg means wedging in between said triangular cross section formed between said vertical strip restraining means, said connecting strip means and said base strip extension means..]. .[.61. Apparatus as in claim 60, wherein said triangular cross section is a closed hollow profile..]. .[.62. Support apparatus for restraining a hard surface means in a given position comprising: substantially vertical strip restraining means for defining a boundary around said hard surface means, said vertical strip restraining means having an upper region, a lower region, an inner surface facing toward said hard surface means for receiving substantially horizontal forces from said hard surface means, and an outer surface facing away from said hard surface means; base strip extension means extending out from said outer surface of said vertical strip restraining means in said lower region for receiving vertical forces relative to the ground surface; and force converting means for converting said horizontal forces received by said vertical strip restraining means into vertical forces against said base strip extension means thereby restraining said hard surface means in said boundary, said force converting means including connecting strip means for connecting said vertical strip restraining means to said base strip extension means; wherein said connecting means, a portion of said vertical strip restraining means and a portion of said base extension means form a triangular cross section, said connecting means forming a longest side of said triangular cross section; wherein said vertical strip restraining means and said base strip extension means are integrally connected to one another at said lower region of the vertical strip restraining means, and wherein the horizontal length of the base strip extension means is between 1.5 and 3.5 times the vertical
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
109 words
height of the vertical strip restraining means..]. .[.63. Apparatus as in claim 62, wherein said triangular cross section is a closed hollow profile..]. .[.64. Apparatus according to claim 62, wherein said connecting means, a portion of said vertical strip restraining means and a portion of said base extension means form a triangular cross section, said connecting strip means and said base strip extension means each including an aperture therethrough for receiving a stake, said apertures of said connecting strip means and said base strip extension means being aligned around a common axis parallel to said vertical strip restraining means..]. .[.65. Apparatus according to claim 64, wherein triangular cross section
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
263 words
is a closed hollow profile..]. .Iadd.66. Support apparatus for edging and restraining a hard surface means in a given position on ground surface comprising: substantially vertical strip restraining means for defining a boundary around said hard surface means, said vertical strip restraining means having an upper region, a lower region, an inner surface facing toward said hard surface means for receiving substantially horizontal forces from said hard surface means, and an outer surface facing away from said hard surface means; base strip extension means extending out from said outer surface of said vertical strip restraining means in said lower region for receiving vertical forces relative to the ground surface; force converting means for converting said horizontal forces received by said vertical strip restraining means into vertical forces against said base strip extension means thereby restraining said hard surface means in said boundary, said force converting means including connecting strip means for connecting said vertical strip restraining means to said base strip extension means; and wherein said connecting strip means, a portion of said vertical strip restraining means and a portion of said base extension means form a triangular cross section, said vertical strip restraining means including a border length parallel to said boundary of said hard surface means, said connecting strip means including cut out portions along intervals of said vertical strip restraining means border length, said base strip extension means including cut out portions corresponding to said cut out portions of said connecting strip means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.67. Apparatus as in claim 66, wherein said triangular cross section is a closed hollow profile.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
471 words
.Iaddend. .Iadd.68. Landscaping support apparatus for edging and restraining a hard surface means in a given position on ground surface comprising: substantially vertical strip restraining means for defining a boundary around said hard surface means, said vertical strip restraining means having an upper region, a lower region, an inner surface facing toward said hard surface means for receiving substantially horizontal forces from said hard surface means, and an outer surface facing away from said hard surface means; base strip extension means extending out from said outer surface of said vertical strip restraining means in said lower region for receiving vertical forces relative to the ground surface; force converting means for converting said horizontal forces received by said vertical strip restraining means into vertical forces against said base strip extension means thereby restraining said hard surface means in said boundary, said force converting means including connecting strip means for connecting said vertical strip restraining means to said base strip extension means; wherein said connecting means, a portion of said vertical strip restraining means and a portion of said base extension means form a triangular cross section; and connecting peg means for connecting adjacent sections of said vertical strip restraining means, said connecting peg means wedging in between said triangular cross section formed between said vertical strip restraining means, said connecting strip means and said base strip extension means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.69. Apparatus as in claim 68, wherein said triangular cross section is a closed hollow profile. .Iaddend. .Iadd.70. Paving stone edge restraint apparatus for edging and restraining paving stones on a base surface comprising: substantially vertical strip restraining means for defining a boundary around said paving stones, said substantially vertical strip restraining means being flexibly formed to accommodate for irregular shaped boundaries around said paving stones, said substantially vertical strip restraining means including a first side surface for facing said paving stones and for receiving substantially horizontal forces from said paving stones and a second side surface facing away from said paving stones; substantially horizontal extension means extending out laterally from said second side surface of said substantially vertical strip restraining means; force converting means interconnecting said substantially vertical strip restraining means to said substantially horizontal extension means in the form of a closed hollow profile for converting said horizontal forces received by said substantially vertical strip restraining means into vertical forces into said base surface; attaching means for providing a detachable mounting of at least one of said horizontal extension means and said force converting means to said vertical strip restraining means; wherein at least one of said horizontal extension means and said force converting means include a plurality of sections detachably disposed in spaced intervals on said vertical strip restraining means; and wherein said horizontal extension means and said force converting means comprise separate attachment sections being removably attached to said
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
484 words
vertical strip restraining means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.71. Apparatus as in claim 70, wherein said vertical strip restraining means is a continuous strip and said attachment sections are removably disposed in spaced intervals on said vertical strip restraining means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.72. Apparatus as in claim 70, wherein said attaching means provides a sliding attachment between said vertical strip restraining mean and said attachment sections. .Iaddend. .Iadd.73. Apparatus as in claim 72, wherein said attaching means include projections extending out from said vertical strip restraining means and mating projections on said attachment sections which engage into said vertical strip restraining means projections. .Iaddend. .Iadd.74. Apparatus as in claim 73, wherein said vertical strip restraining means projections extend out from said vertical strip restraining means in a T-shape forming slots between said vertical strip restraining means projections and said vertical strip restraining means, and said mating projections being fitted into said slots. .Iaddend. .Iadd.75. Apparatus as in claim 71, wherein said spaced intervals are in the range of about 10 inches to 14 inches. .Iaddend. .Iadd.76. Apparatus as in claim 70, wherein said force converting means include connecting strip means extending from said vertical strip restraining means and being inclined toward said horizontal extension means when attached to said vertical strip restraining means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.77. Apparatus as in claim 76, wherein said horizontal extension means extends from a lower end region of said vertical strip restraining means when attached to said vertical strip restraining means and said connecting strip means extends from a region greater than half the length of said vertical strip restraining means above said horizontal extension means when attached to said vertical strip restraining means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.78. Apparatus as in claim 70, wherein said vertical strip restraining means and said horizontal extension means are connecting to one another at approximately a 90° angle. .Iadd.79. Apparatus as in claim 78, wherein said force converting means include connecting means extending from said vertical strip restraining means and being inclined toward said horizontal extension means when attached to said vertical strip restraining means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.80. Apparatus as in claim 70, further including anchoring means engaged into the base surface. .Iaddend. .Iadd.81. Apparatus as in claim 80, wherein said anchoring means extends from an intermediate portion of said force converting means downwardly into the base surface. .Iaddend. .Iadd.82. Apparatus as in claim 80, wherein said anchoring means includes a stake means arranged substantially parallel to said vertical strip restraining means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.83. Apparatus as in claim 70, wherein said force converting means and said horizontal extension means each include an aperture therethrough for receiving a stake, said aperture of said force converting means and said horizontal extension means being aligned around a common axis substantially parallel to said vertical strip restraining means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.84. Apparatus as in claim 70, further including connecting peg means for connecting adjacent sections of vertical strip restraining means, said connecting peg means wedging into
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
824 words
at least a portion of said closed hollow profile. .Iaddend. .Iadd.85. Apparatus as in claim 70, wherein at least a portion of said converting means, at least a portion of said vertical strip restraining means and at least a portion of said horizontal extension means form said closed hollow profile. .Iaddend. .Iadd.86. Apparatus as in claim 70, wherein said force converting means include connecting means connecting said vertical strip restraining means to said horizontal extension means when attached to said vertical strip restraining means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.87. Paving stone edge restraint apparatus according to claim 70, wherein said vertical strip restraining means has sufficient flexibility to flex back into shape after experiencing said horizontal forces caused by traffic travelling over the hard surface means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.88. Paving stone edge restraint apparatus according to claim 78, wherein said hard surface means accommodate heavy vehicle traffic. .Iaddend. .Iadd.89. Paving stone edge restraining apparatus for edging and restraining paving stones on a base surface comprising: substantially vertical strip restraining means for defining a boundary around said paving stones, said substantially vertical strip restraining means being flexibly formed to accommodate for irregular shaped boundaries around said paving stones, said substantially vertical strip restraining means including a first side surface for facing said paving stones and for receiving substantially horizontal forces from said paving stones and a second side surface facing away from said paving stones; substantially horizontal extension means extending out laterally from said second side surface of said substantially vertical strip restraining means; force converting means interconnecting said substantially vertical strip restraining means to said substantially horizontal extension means in the form of a closed hollow profile for converting said horizontal forces received by said substantially vertical strip restraining means into vertical forces into said base surface; wherein said extension means include base extension strip means extending out substantially transverse from said surface of said vertical strip restraining means in a lower region; wherein said force converting means include connecting means for connecting said vertical strip restraining means to said base extension means; wherein said connecting means, a portion of said vertical strip restraining means and a portion of said base extension means form a triangular cross section, said connecting means forming a longest side of said triangular cross section; wherein said connecting means include a continuous planar connecting strip, said base extension means include a continuous planar base extension strip and said vertical strip restraining means include a continuous planar vertical restraining strip, said base strip and vertical strip having a continuous juncture line parallel to said defined boundary of said paving stones; wherein said base extension strip has a length extending from said vertical restraining strip longer than a length of said vertical restraining strip extending from said base extension strip to an upper end of said vertical restraining strip; wherein said connecting strip extends from an outer end of said base extension strip at an end opposite to said vertical restraining strip to said vertical restraining strip at a line approximately three-fourths of said vertical restraining strip length from said base extension strip; and wherein said vertical restraining strip includes a border length parallel to said boundary of said paving stones, said connecting strip including cut out portions along intervals of said vertical restraining planar strip border length, said base extension strip including cut out portions corresponding to said cut out portions of said connecting strip. .Iaddend. .Iadd.90. Apparatus as in claim 89, wherein said cut out portions of said connecting strip and said base extension strip are triangular sections, said triangular sections having an apex at a juncture of said connecting strip and said vertical restraining strip and at a juncture of said base extension strip and said vertical restraining strip. .Iadd.91. Paving stone edge restraining apparatus for edging and restraining paving stones on a base surface comprising: substantially vertical strip restraining means for defining a boundary around said paving stones, said substantially vertical strip restraining means being flexibly formed to accommodate for irregular shaped boundaries around said paving stones, said substantially vertical strip restraining means including a first side surface for facing said paving stones and for receiving substantially horizontal forces from said paving stones and a second side surface facing away from said paving stones; substantially horizontal extension means extending out laterally from said second side surface of said substantially vertical strip restraining means; and force converting means interconnecting said substantially vertical strip restraining means to said substantially horizontal extension means in the form of a closed hollow profile for converting said horizontal forces received by said substantially vertical strip restraining means into vertical forces into said base surface; and wherein said vertical strip restraining means includes a border length parallel to said boundary of said paving stones, said force converting means including cut out portions along intervals of said vertical strip restraining means, said horizontal extension means including cut out portions corresponding to said cut out portions of said force converting
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
403 words
means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.92. Apparatus as in claim 91, wherein said extension means have a total length extending from said vertical strip restraining means longer than a first length portion of said vertical strip restraining means extending from said extension means to an upper end of said vertical strip restraining means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.93. Apparatus as in claim 91, wherein said extension means include base extension strip means extending out substantially transverse from said surface of said vertical strip restraining means in a lower region. .Iaddend. .Iadd.94. Apparatus as in claim 93, wherein said base extension means include a continuous planar base extension strip. .Iaddend. .Iadd.95. Apparatus as in claim 93, wherein said force converting means include connecting means for connecting said vertical strip restraining means to said base extension means. .Iaddend..Iadd.96. Apparatus as in claim 95, wherein said connecting means include a continuous planar connecting strip. .Iaddend. .Iadd.97. Apparatus as in claim 95, wherein said connecting means further include a connecting strip connecting said vertical strip restraining means and horizontal extension means and cross connecting means connecting a central portion of said connecting strip to at least one of said vertical strip restraining means and said base extension means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.98. Apparatus as in claim 95, wherein said connecting means, a portion of said vertical strip restraining means and a portion of said base extension means form a triangular cross section, said connecting means forming a longest side of said triangular cross section. .Iaddend. .Iadd.99. Apparatus as in claim 98, wherein said triangular cross section includes a right triangle and said connecting means is a hypotenuse of said right triangle. .Iaddend. .Iadd.100. Apparatus as in claim 95, wherein said connecting means include a continuous planar connecting strip, said base extension means include a continuous planar base extension strip and said vertical strip restraining means include a continuous planar vertical restraining strip, said base strip and vertical strip having a continuous juncture line parallel to said defined boundary of said paving stones. .Iaddend. .Iadd.101. Apparatus as in claim 100, wherein said base extension strip has a length extending from said vertical restraining strip longer than a length of said vertical restraining strip extending from said base extension strip to an upper end of said vertical restraining strip. .Iaddend. .Iadd.102. Apparatus as in claim 101, wherein said base extension strip has a length of about three to four inches and said vertical restraining strip has a
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
182 words
length of about one to two inches. .Iaddend. .Iadd.103. Apparatus as in claim 95, wherein said connecting strip and said base extension strip include an aperture therethrough for receiving a stake, said aperture of the connecting strip and the base extension strip being aligned around a common axis parallel to the vertical restraining strip. .Iaddend. .Iadd.104. Apparatus as in claim 95, further including connecting peg means for connecting adjacent sections of vertical restraining strips, said connecting peg means wedging in between said closed hollow profile. .Iaddend. .Iadd.105. Apparatus as in claim 95, further including a lower lip extending from the inner surface of said vertical restraining strip in the same plane as the base extension strip. .Iaddend. .Iadd.106. Apparatus as in claim 91, wherein said vertical strip restraining means and said horizontal extension means are connected to one another at approximately a 90° angle. .Iaddend. .Iadd.107. Apparatus as in claim 91, further including anchoring means engaged into the base surface. .Iaddend. .Iadd.108. Apparatus as in claim 107, wherein said anchoring means extends from an intermediate portion of said force converting means downwardly
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
384 words
into the base surface. .Iaddend. .Iadd.109. Apparatus as in claim 108, wherein said anchoring means includes a stake means inserted through said force converting means and said horizontal extension means into the base surface. .Iaddend. .Iadd.110. Apparatus as in claim 91, wherein said force converting means and said horizontal extension means each include an aperture therethrough for receiving a stake, said aperture of said force converting means and said horizontal extension means being aligned around a common axis parallel to said vertical strip restraining means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.111. Apparatus as in claim 91, wherein said vertical strip restraining means, said horizontal extension means and said force converting means are a continuous extrusion. .Iaddend. .Iadd.112. Paving stone edge restraint apparatus according to claim 91, wherein said vertical strip restraining means has sufficient flexibility to flex back into shape after experiencing said horizontal forces caused by traffic travelling over the hard surface means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.113. Paving stone edge restraint apparatus according to claim 112, wherein said hard surface means accommodating heavy vehicle traffic. .Iaddend. .Iadd.114. Paving stone edge restraining apparatus for edging and restraining paving stones on a base surface comprising: substantially vertical strip restraining means for defining a boundary around said paving stones, said substantially vertical strip restraining means being flexibly formed to accommodate for irregular shaped boundaries around said paving stones, said substantially vertical strip restraining means including a first side surface for facing said paving stones and for receiving substantially horizontal forces from said paving stones and a second side surface facing away from said paving stones; substantially horizontal extension means extending out laterally from said second side surface of said substantially vertical strip restraining means; and force converting means interconnecting said substantially vertical strip restraining means to said substantially horizontal extension means in the form of a closed hollow profile for converting said horizontal forces received by said substantially vertical strip restraining means into vertical forces into said base surface; wherein said vertical strip restraining means, said horizontal extension means and said force converting means are a continuous extrusion; and further including connecting peg means for connecting adjacent sections of vertical strip restraining means, said connecting peg means wedging into at least a portion of said closed hollow profile in between said vertical strip restraining means, said connecting strip and said cross connecting
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
394 words
means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.115. Support apparatus for restraining a hard surface means in a given position comprising: substantially vertical strip restraining means for defining a boundary around said hard surface means, said vertical strip restraining means having an upper region, a lower region, an inner surface facing toward said hard surface means for receiving substantially horizontal forces from said hard surface means, and an outer surface facing away from said hard surface means; base strip extension means extending out from said outer surface of said vertical strip restraining means in said lower region for receiving vertical forces relative to the ground surface; and force converting means for converting said horizontal forces received by said vertical strip restraining means into vertical forces against said base strip extension means thereby restraining said hard surface means in said boundary, said force converting means including connecting strip means for connecting said vertical strip restraining means to said base strip extension means, said force converting means further including reinforcing means for said connecting strip means; wherein said connecting means, a portion of said vertical strip restraining means and a portion of said base extension means form a triangular cross section, said connecting means forming a longest side of said triangular cross section; wherein said vertical strip restraining means and said base strip extension means are connected to one another at said lower region of the vertical strip restraining means; and wherein said connecting means, a portion of said vertical strip restraining means and a portion of said base extension means form a triangular cross section, said connecting strip means and said base strip extension means each including an aperture therethrough for receiving a stake, said apertures of said connecting strip means and said base strip extension means being aligned around a common axis parallel to said vertical strip restraining means. .Iadd.116. Apparatus according to claim 115, wherein said force converting means is at least partially disposed below the ground surface. .Iadd.117. Apparatus according to claim 115, wherein said hard surface means is locatable on a prepared base surface disposed below the ground surface. .Iaddend. .Iadd.118. Apparatus according to claim 117, wherein said hard surface means are paving stones. .Iaddend. .Iadd.119. Apparatus according to claim 115, wherein said vertical strip restraining means has sufficient flexibility to flex back into shape after experiencing said horizontal forces caused by traffic travelling over the
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
181 words
hard surface means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.120. Paving stone edge restraint apparatus according to claim 119, wherein said hard surface means accommodate heavy vehicle traffic. .Iaddend. .Iadd.121. Apparatus according to claim 116, further comprising attaching means for providing a detachable mounting of at least one of said base strip extension means and said force converting means to said vertical strip restraining means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.122. Apparatus according to claim 121, wherein at least one of said horizontal extension means and said force converting means include a plurality of sections detachably disposed in spaced intervals on said vertical strip restraining means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.123. Apparatus as in claim 122, wherein said horizontal extension means and said force converting means comprise separate attachment sections being removably attached to said vertical strip restraining means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.124. Apparatus as in claim 123, wherein said vertical strip restraining means is a continuous strip and said attachment sections are removably disposed in spaced intervals on said vertical strip restraining means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.125. Apparatus as in claim 122, wherein said attaching means provides a sliding attachment between said vertical strip restraining mean
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
196 words
and said attachment sections. .Iaddend. .Iadd.126. Apparatus as in claim 125, wherein said attaching means include projections extending out from said vertical strip restraining means and mating projections on said attachment sections which engage into said vertical strip restraining means projections. .Iaddend. .Iadd.127. Apparatus as in claim 126, wherein said vertical strip restraining means projections extend out from said vertical strip restraining means in a T-shape forming slots between said vertical strip restraining means, and said mating projections being fitted into said slots. .Iaddend. .Iadd.128. Apparatus according to claim 116, wherein said vertical strip restraining means and said base strip extension means are integrally connected to one another at said lower region of the vertical strip restraining means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.129. Apparatus according to claim 128, wherein the horizontal length of the base strip extension means is between 1.5 and 3.5 times the vertical height of the vertical strip restraining means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.130. Apparatus according to claim 116, wherein said vertical strip restraining means, base strip extension means and said connecting means are formed as one piece of plastic material. .Iaddend. .Iadd.131. Apparatus according to claim 130, wherein the one piece of plastic material is an extrusion
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
183 words
molded plastic piece. .Iadd.132. Apparatus according to claim 116, wherein said triangular cross section has a closed hollow profile and further including connecting peg means for connecting adjacent sections of said vertical strip restraining means, said connecting peg means frictionally engaging with at least a portion of the interior of said closed hollow profile. .Iaddend. .Iadd.133. Apparatus according to claim 116, wherein said reinforcing means includes a cross connecting strip connecting a central portion of said connecting strip means to at least one of said vertical strip restraining means and said base strip extension means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.134. Apparatus according to claim 133, wherein said cross connecting strip central portion to a juncture of said vertical restraining means and said base strip extension means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.135. Apparatus according to claim 115, wherein said base strip extension means extends out substantially transverse from said outer surface of said vertical restraining means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.136. Apparatus according to claim 135, wherein said base strip extension means include a continuous planar base extension strip. .Iaddend. .Iadd.137. Apparatus according to claim 136, wherein said connecting strip means include a
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
472 words
continuous planar connecting strip. .Iaddend. .Iadd.138. Apparatus according to claim 137, wherein said vertical strip restraining means include a continuous planar vertical restraining strip, said base strip and vertical strip having a continuous juncture line parallel to said defined boundary of said hard surface means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.139. Apparatus according to claim 115, wherein said base extension strip has a length of approximately three to four inches and said vertical restraining strip has a length of approximately one to two inches. .Iaddend. .Iadd.140. Apparatus according to claim 115, wherein said connecting strip extends from an outer end of said base extension strip at an end opposite to said vertical restraining strip to said vertical restraining strip at a line approximately three-fourths of said vertical restraining strip length from said base extension strip. .Iaddend. .Iadd.141. Apparatus according to claim 115, further including a lower lip extending from the inner surface of said vertical strip restraining means in the same plane as the base strip extension means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.142. Apparatus as in claim 115, wherein said vertical strip restraining means includes a border length parallel to said boundary of said hard surface means, said force converting means including cut out portion along intervals of said vertical strip restraining means, said base strip extension means including cut out portions corresponding to said cut out positions of said force converting means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.143. Apparatus as in claim 142, wherein said cut out portions of said connecting strip and said base extension strip are triangular sections, said triangular sections having an apex at a juncture of said connecting strip and said vertical restraining strip and at a juncture of said base extension strip and said vertical restraining strip. .Iaddend. .Iadd.144. A paving installation, comprising: (i) paving surface means for accommodating traffic which is use experiences substantial horizontal forces at its lateral edges and which is located on top of a substantially level base surface, and (ii) edge restraint means for receiving said horizontal forces and maintaining the paving surface means in position, said edge restraint means being at least partially disposed below local ground level and including: (a) an upright member engaged with lateral edges of the paving surface means and having sufficient flexibility to accommodate irregular shaped boundaries along said lateral edges with said upright member exhibiting a first surface abuttingly engaging the lateral edges of the paving surface means, a second surface opposed to the first surface, and a top surface; (b) an extension member disposed laterally of the upright member and including a bottom surface portion located on the base surface; and (c) force converting means operatively arranged between the upright member and the extension member for transferring the substantial horizontal forces imparted to the first surface of the upright member via the paving surface means to the base surface, said edge restraint means including
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
138 words
anchoring means engaged into the base surface. .Iaddend. .Iadd.145. A paving installation according to claim 144, wherein said force converting means includes reinforcement means extending downwardly from said upright member toward the base surface. .Iaddend. .Iadd.146. A paving installation according to claim 145, wherein said anchoring means extends from an intermediate portion of the reinforcement means downwardly into the base surface. .Iaddend. .Iadd.147. A paving installation according to claim 146, wherein said anchoring means includes an anchoring spike passing through said extension member. .Iaddend. .Iadd.148. A paving installation according to claim 146, wherein said anchoring means further includes an aperture formed therein said reinforcing means having a longitudinal axis substantially parallel to said upright member. .Iaddend. .Iadd.149. A paving installation according to claim 148, wherein said aperture further extends through said extension member for receiving a stake therethrough.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
191 words
.Iaddend. .Iadd.150. A paving installation according to claim 145, wherein said upright member and said reinforcement means are formed as one piece of plastic material. .Iaddend. .Iadd.151. A paving installation according to claim 150, wherein the one piece plastic piece is an extrusion molded plastic piece. .Iaddend. .Iadd.152. A paving installation according to claim 150, wherein said anchoring means extends from an intermediate portion of the reinforcement means downwardly into the base surface. .Iaddend. .Iadd.153. A paving installation according to claim 152, wherein said anchoring means includes an anchoring spike which protrudes through the reinforcement means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.154. A paving installation according to claim 153, wherein said anchoring means further includes an aperture formed through said reinforcing means having a longitudinal axis substantially parallel to said upright member. .Iaddend. .Iadd.155. A paving installation according to claim 145, wherein said force converting means transfer the substantial horizontal forces to the base surface via said extension member. .Iaddend. .Iadd.156. A paving installation according to claim 145, wherein said reinforcing means includes a cross strip means connecting an intermediate portion of said reinforcing means with at least one of said upright member and extension
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
391 words
member. .Iaddend. .Iadd.157. A paving installation according to claim 145, wherein said extension member is integrally connection to a lower region of said upright member. .Iaddend. .Iadd.158. A paving installation according to claim 157, wherein said reinforcement means connects said upright member to said extension member. .Iaddend. .Iadd.159. A paving installation according to claim 158, wherein said upright member, said extension member and said reinforcing means form a substantially triangular cross-section, said reinforcing means forming the longest side of said triangular cross section. .Iaddend. .Iadd.160. A paving installation according to claim 159, wherein said upright member, said extension member and said reinforcing means are a continuous extrusion. .Iaddend. .Iadd.161. A paving installation according to claim 149, wherein said triangular cross section has a closed hollow profile and further including connecting peg means for connecting adjacent sections of said edge restraint means, said connecting peg means wedging in said closed hollow profile. .Iaddend. .Iadd.162. A paving installation according to claim 161, wherein said anchoring means includes an aperture formed through said reinforcing means and extension member having a longitudinal axis substantially parallel to said upright member for receiving an anchoring stake, the anchoring stake frictionally engaging with said connecting peg means near the edges of adjacent sections of said edge restraint. .Iaddend. .Iadd.163. A paving installation according to claim 157, wherein said extension member has a total length extending from the upright member longer than a first length portion of the upright member extending from said extension member to said top surface of said upright member. .Iaddend. .Iadd.164. A paving installation according to claim 157, wherein said extension member has a length of approximately three to four inches and said upright member has a length of approximately one to two inches. .Iaddend. .Iadd.165. A paving installation according to claim 157, wherein said reinforcing means extends from an outer end of said extension member at one end opposite said upright member to said upright member at a point approximately three-fourths of said upright member length from said extension member. .Iaddend. .Iadd.166. A paving installation according to claim 157, wherein including a lower lip extending from the first surface of said upright member in the same plane as said extension member. .Iaddend. .Iadd.167. A paving installation according to claim 144, wherein said top surface is located at or below the local ground level. .Iaddend.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
159 words
.Iadd.168. A paving installation according to claim 144, wherein said upright member has sufficient flexibility to flex back into shape after experiencing horizontal forces caused by traffic travelling over the paving surface means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.169. Paving stone edge restraint apparatus according to claim 168, wherein said hard surface means accommodate heavy vehicle traffic. .Iaddend. .Iadd.170. A paving installation according to claim 144, wherein said extension member is a planar extension member and wherein said upright member is a planar upright member. .Iaddend. .Iadd.171. A paving installation according to claim 170, wherein said force converting means includes reinforcement means connecting said planar upright member and said planar extension member, said reinforcement means including a planar reinforcing member. .Iaddend. .Iadd.172. A paving installation according to claim 171, wherein said planar upright member and planar extension member have a continuous juncture line parallel to the lateral edges of said paving surface means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.173. A paving installation according to claim 144, wherein
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
169 words
said paving surface means are paving stones. .Iaddend. .Iadd.174. A paving installation according to claim 173, wherein said paving surface means accommodates heavy vehicle traffic. .Iaddend. .Iadd.175. A paving installation according to claim 144, wherein comprising: attaching means for providing a detachable mounting of at least one of said extension member and said force converting means to said upright member. .Iaddend. .Iadd.176. Apparatus as in claim 191, wherein said upright member and said extension member are connected to one another at approximately a 90° angle. .Iaddend. .Iadd.177. Apparatus as in claim 175, wherein said extension member and said force converting means comprise separate attachment sections being removably attached to said upright member. .Iaddend. .Iadd.178. Apparatus as in claim 197, wherein said attaching means provides a sliding attachment between said upright member and said attachment sections. .Iaddend. .Iadd.179. Apparatus as in claim 178, wherein said attaching means include projections extending out from said upright member and mating projections on said attachment sections which engage into said upright member projections. .Iaddend.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
197 words
.Iadd.180. Apparatus as in claim 179, wherein said upright member projections extend out from said upright member in a T-shape forming slots between said upright member, and said mating projections being fitted into said slots. .Iaddend. .Iadd.181. Apparatus as in claim 177, wherein said upright member is a continuous strip and said attachment sections are removably disposed in spaced intervals on said upright member. .Iaddend. .Iadd.182. Apparatus as in claim 181, wherein said spaced intervals are in the range of about 10 inches to 14 inches. .Iaddend. .Iadd.183. Apparatus as in claim 144, wherein said upright member includes a border length parallel to said boundary of said paving surface means, said force converting means including cut out portion along intervals of said upright member, said extension member including cut out portions corresponding to said cut out portions of said force converting means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.184. Apparatus as in claim 183, wherein said cut out portions of said force converting means and said extension member are triangular sections, said triangular sections having an apex at a juncture of said force converting means and said upright member and at a juncture of said extension member and said upright member. .Iaddend.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1994-03-11 | 1994-09-10 | 1995-03-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1998-03-11 | 1998-09-10 | 1999-03-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2002-03-11 | 2002-09-10 | 2003-03-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |