US4414324A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Immunoassay method and apparatus
Assignee: HOME OFFICE REFERENCE LABORATORY Inc
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Filing: 1981-04-09
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Granted: 1983-11-08
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Expires: 2001-04-09
Abstract
Abstract An improved immunoassay sample determination process for determining the presence of a component of an antigen-antibody reaction in a sample is disclosed which substantially eliminates non-specific interactions between the sample and the reaction vessel wall surfaces during the antigen-antibody reaction, to thereby greatly increase the accuracy of the process. In practice, a site-deactivating medium such as an animal- or vegetable-derived total biological fluid or extract (e.g., plasma or gelatin) is covalently bound to the vessel wall surfaces for deactivation purposes. In preferred forms the process is solid-state, wherein one of the components of the antigen-antibody reaction is coupled covalently to the coating medium, and a reaction mixture fraction including the sample being determined and the other component which has been labeled, for instance by means of a colorimetrically active enzyme.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert L. Stout
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 11:51
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N33/00; G01N33/48; G01N33/50; G01N33/53; G01N33/543; G01N33/54393; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S435/00; Y10S435/81; Y10S435/962; Y10S436/00; Y10S436/807; Y10S436/808
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 19
Claim 1
Independent Claim
156 words
In an assay process for the determination of an immunochemical component in a sample, wherein the sample, a first immunochemical component and a second immunochemical component are immunochemically incubated in a vessel, one of said first and second components being insolubilized in said vessel, one of said first and second components being labeled, said first and second components each having a specific immunochemical affinity for another component in said vessel, or for said component to be determined, during said incubation thereof, the insolubilized component is separated from the remainder of the reaction mixture, and it is thereafter determined whether said sample contained said component to be determined, the improvement which comprises: covalently bonding to the walls of said vessel a site-deactivating medium for minimizing nonspecific interactions, said insolubilized component being covalently attached to said medium, and said medium being selected from the group consisting of water soluble animal-derived plasma, animal-derived sera, vegetable-derived gelatins and mixtures thereof.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
156 words
In an assay process for the determination of an immunochemical component in a sample, wherein the sample, a first immunochemical component and a second immunochemical component are immunochemically incubated in a vessel, one of said first and second components being insolubilized in said vessel, one of said first and second components being labeled, said first and second components each having a specific immunochemical affinity for another component in said vessel, or for said component to be determined, during said incubation thereof, the insolubilized component is separated from the remainder of the reaction mixture, and it is thereafter determined whether said sample contained said component to be determined, the improvement which comprises: covalently bonding to the walls of said vessel a site-deactivating medium for minimizing nonspecific interactions, said insolubilized component being covalently attached to said medium, and said medium being selected from the group consisting of water soluble animal-derived plasma, animal-derived sera, vegetable-derived gelatins and mixtures thereof.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process as set forth in claim 1, wherein said immunochemical component to be determined is an antigen.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process as set forth in claim 1, wherein said labeled immunochemical component is an antibody.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process as set forth in claim 1, wherein the label of said immunochemical component is an enzyme.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process as set forth in claim 1, said enzyme being horseradish peroxidase.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process as set forth in claim 1, said component-determining step comprising determining the activity of the labeled component.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process as set forth in claim 1, said determination being performed colorimetrically.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process as set forth in claim 1, said component to be determined being a thiazide antigen.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
31 words
The process as set forth in claim 1, wherein said first component is covalently coupled to said medium, said sample and labeled immunochemical component being thereafter simultaneously placed in said vessel.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process as set forth in claim 1, said first immunochemical component being an analogue of said component to be determined.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
105 words
A system for determining the presence of an immunochemical component taken from the group consisting of antigens and antibodies in a sample, comprising: a vessel having the internal walls thereof covalently bound with a site-deactivating medium, said medium being selected from the group consisting of water soluble animal-derived plasma, animal-derived sera, vegetable-derived gelatins and mixtures thereof; an amount of a first immunochemical component covalently bound to said medium; and an amount of a second unbound immunochemical component, one of said first and second components being labeled, said first and second components being present in respective amounts sufficient to perform the assay process of claim 1.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
20 words
The system as set forth in claim 11, said first component being an analogue of said component to be determined.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
13 words
The system as set forth in claim 11, said label being an enzyme.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
13 words
The system as set forth in claim 13, said enzyme being horseradish peroxidase.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
22 words
The system as set forth in claim 13, including a color-generating agent reactive with said enzyme to generate an analytically measurable signal.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
20 words
The system as set forth in claim 15, said antibody having an immunochemical affinity for said component to be determined.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
14 words
The system as set forth in claim 11, said labeled component being an antibody.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
18 words
The system as set forth in claim 11, said first component being directly covalently bound to said medium.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-11-07 | 1987-05-09 | 1987-11-08 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-11-07 | 1991-05-09 | 1991-11-08 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-11-07 | 1995-05-09 | 1995-11-08 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |