US4376685A — Acid copper electroplating baths containing brigh…

Claim 1

Independent Claim 47 words

An aqueous acid copper electroplating bath containing an alkylated polyalkyleneimine obtained as the reaction product of a polyalkyleneimine represented by the formula: H.sub.2 N--(CH.sub.2).sub.n NH--R wherein R is H or (CH 2 ) n NH 2 and n=1 to 6, with an epihalohydrin and an alkylating agent.

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 47 words

An aqueous acid copper electroplating bath containing an alkylated polyalkyleneimine obtained as the reaction product of a polyalkyleneimine represented by the formula: H.sub.2 N--(CH.sub.2).sub.n NH--R wherein R is H or (CH 2 ) n NH 2 and n=1 to 6, with an epihalohydrin and an alkylating agent.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 26 words

The acid copper bath of claim 1 wherein said polyalkyleneimine is selected from the group consisting of ethylene diamine, propylene diamine, diethylene triamine and dipropylene triamine.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 52 words

The acid copper bath of claim 1 wherein said alkylating agent is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl halide having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an alkylene halide having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkynyl halide having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and an aralkyl halide.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 14 words

The acid copper bath of claim 3 wherein said aralkyl halide is benzyl chloride.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 121 words

The acid copper electroplating bath of claim 1 which further comprises an organic sulfo sulfonate represented by the formula: R.sub.1 --(S).sub.n --RSO.sub.3 M wherein M is an alkali metal or ammonium ion; n is from 1 to 6; R is selected from the group consisting of an alkylene group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon and an aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon containing 6 to 12 carbon atoms; R 1 is selected from the group consisting of the group MO 3 SR, where M & R are as described above, ##STR31## wherein R 2 & R 3 are each hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, ##STR32## wherein r is from 2 to 6.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 88 words

The acid copper electroplating bath of claim 1 which further comprises a polyether represented by the formula: R(OZ).sub.m wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylaryl and arylalkyl; m is 5 to 100; and Z=(C.sub.u H.sub.2u O).sub.r (C.sub.v H.sub.2v O).sub.s T wherein u and v=0 to 4 but at least one of u or v must be greater than 0, r+s=6 to 200,000; r=0 when u=0; s=0 when v=0; and T is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and benzyl.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 140 words

The acid copper electroplating bath of claim 1 which further comprises a thioorganic compound represented by the formula: ##STR33## wherein the bond between C and S and N and C is a single or a double bond, R 1 or R 2 may be hydrogen or R 1 taken together with R 2 forms a heterocyclic ring structure of 5 to 6 members or a benzo-substituted heterocyclic ring structure of 5 to 6 members wherein said ring members are comprised totally of carbon atoms or carbon atoms and at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of S, N and N-substituted atom, R 3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and aralkyl, and R 4 is ##STR34## wherein R 5 and R 6 are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and aralkyl groups.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 13 words

The acid copper electroplating bath of claim 1 wherein said epihalohydrin is epichlorohydrin.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 236 words

An aqueous acid copper electroplating bath containing a. An alkylated polyalkyleneimine obtained as the reaction product of a polyalkyleneimine represented by the formula: H.sub.2 N--(CH.sub.2).sub.n NH--R wherein R is H or (CH 2 ) n NH 2 and n=1 to 6 with an epihalohydrin and an alkylating agent; b. An organic sulfo sulfonate represented by the formula: R.sub.1 --(S).sub.n --RSO.sub.3 M wherein M is an alkali metal or ammonium ion; n is from 1 to 6; R is selected from the group consisting of an alkylene group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon and an aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon containing 6 to 12 carbon atoms; R 1 is selected from the group consisting of MO 3 SR, wherein M & R are as described above, ##STR35## wherein R 2 & R 3 are each hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, ##STR36## wherein r is from 2 to 6; and c. a polyether represented by the formula: R(OZ).sub.m wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylaryl and arylalkyl; m is 5 to 100; and Z=(C.sub.u H.sub.2u O).sub.r (C.sub.v H.sub.2v O).sub.s T wherein u and v=0 to 4 but at least one of u or v must be greater than 0, r+s=6 to 200,000; r=0 when u=0; s=0 when v=0; and T is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and benzyl.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 236 words

An aqueous acid copper electroplating bath containing a. An alkylated polyalkyleneimine obtained as the reaction product of a polyalkyleneimine represented by the formula: H.sub.2 N--(CH.sub.2).sub.n NH--R wherein R is H or (CH 2 ) n NH 2 and n=1 to 6 with an epihalohydrin and an alkylating agent; b. An organic sulfo sulfonate represented by the formula: R.sub.1 --(S).sub.n --RSO.sub.3 M wherein M is an alkali metal or ammonium ion; n is from 1 to 6; R is selected from the group consisting of an alkylene group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon and an aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon containing 6 to 12 carbon atoms; R 1 is selected from the group consisting of MO 3 SR, wherein M & R are as described above, ##STR35## wherein R 2 & R 3 are each hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, ##STR36## wherein r is from 2 to 6; and c. a polyether represented by the formula: R(OZ).sub.m wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylaryl and arylalkyl; m is 5 to 100; and Z=(C.sub.u H.sub.2u O).sub.r (C.sub.v H.sub.2v O).sub.s T wherein u and v=0 to 4 but at least one of u or v must be greater than 0, r+s=6 to 200,000; r=0 when u=0; s=0 when v=0; and T is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and benzyl.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 140 words

The acid copper electroplating bath of claim 9 which further comprise a thioorganic compound represented by the formula: ##STR37## wherein the bond between C and S and N and C is a single or a double bond, R 1 or R 2 may be hydrogen or R 1 taken together with R 2 forms a heterocyclic ring structure of 5 to 6 members or a benzo-substituted heterocyclic ring structure of 5 to 6 members wherein said ring members are comprised totally of carbon atoms or carbon atoms and at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of S, N and N-substituted atom, R 3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen alkyl and aralkyl, and R 4 is ##STR38## wherein R 5 and R 6 are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and aralkyl groups.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 34 words

The acid copper electroplating bath of claim 10 wherein said thioorganic compound is selected from the group consisting of thiourea, N-alkyl and aryl substituted thioureas, 2-thiazolidinethione, 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-imidazolidine thione, 2-aminothiazole, 2-imidazoline thione, 2-mercaptopyridine and benzothiazolethione.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 26 words

The acid copper bath of claim 9 wherein said polyalklyene imine is selected from the group consisting of ethylenediamine, propylene diamine, diethylene triamine and dipropylene triamine.

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 13 words

The acid copper electroplating bath of claim 9 wherein said epihalohydrin is epichlorohydrin.

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 23 words

The acid copper electroplating bath of claim 9 wherein said alkylated polyalkyleneimine is formed from substantially equimolar amounts of polyalkyleneimine and alkylating agent.

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 35 words

The acid copper electroplating bath of claim 9 wherein said organic sulfo sulfonate is a disulfo sulfonate represented by the formula: MO.sub.3 S (CH.sub.2).sub.a S--S (CH.sub.2).sub.a SO.sub.3 M wherein a is from 2 to 6.

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 51 words

The acid copper electroplating bath of claim 9 wherein said organic sulfo sulfonate is a sulfonated dialkyl dithiocarbamate represented by the formula: ##STR39## wherein R may be each an alkyl group of from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon and b is a number from 2 to 6.

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 15 words

The acid copper electroplating bath of claim 9 wherein said organic sulfo sulfonate is ##STR40##

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 15 words

The acid copper electroplating bath of claim 9 wherein said organic sulfo sulfonate is: ##STR41##

Claim 21

Dependent Claim 367 words

An aqueous acid copper electroplating bath containing: a. An alkylated polyalkyleneimine obtained as the reaction product of a polyalkyleneimine represented by the formula: H.sub.2 N(CH.sub.2).sub.n NH R wherein R is H or (CH 2 ) n NH 2 and n=1 to 6 with an epihalohydrin and an alkylating agent; b. An organic sulfo sulfonate represented by the formula: R.sub.1 --(S).sub.n --RSO.sub.3 M wherein M is an alkali metal or ammonium ion; n is from 1 to 6; R is selected from the group consisting of an alkylene group of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon and an aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon containing 6 to 12 carbon atoms; R 1 is selected from the group consisting of MO 3 SR, wherein M & R are as described above, ##STR42## wherein R 2 & R 3 are each hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, ##STR43## wherein r is from 2 to 6; c. a polyether represented by the formula: R(OZ).sub.m wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylaryl and arylalkyl; m is 5 to 100; and Z=(C.sub.u H.sub.2u O).sub.r (C.sub.v H.sub.2v O).sub.s T wherein u and v=0 to 4 but at least one of u or v must be greater than 0, r+s=6 to 200,000; r=0 when u=0; s=0 when v=0; and T is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and benzyl and d. A thioorganic compound represented by the formula: ##STR44## wherein the bond between C and S and N and C is a single or a double bond, R 1 or R 2 may be hydrogen or R 1 taken together with R 2 forms a heterocyclic ring structure of 5 to 6 members or a benzo-substituted heterocyclic ring structure of 5 to 6 members wherein said ring members are comprised totally of carbon atoms or carbon atoms and at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of S, N and N-substituted atom, R 3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen alkyl and aralkyl, and R 4 is ##STR45## wherein R 5 and R 6 are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and aralkyl groups.

Claim 22

Dependent Claim 367 words

An aqueous acid copper electroplating bath containing: a. An alkylated polyalkyleneimine obtained as the reaction product of a polyalkyleneimine represented by the formula: H.sub.2 N(CH.sub.2).sub.n NH R wherein R is H or (CH 2 ) n NH 2 and n=1 to 6 with an epihalohydrin and an alkylating agent; b. An organic sulfo sulfonate represented by the formula: R.sub.1 --(S).sub.n --RSO.sub.3 M wherein M is an alkali metal or ammonium ion; n is from 1 to 6; R is selected from the group consisting of an alkylene group of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon and an aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon containing 6 to 12 carbon atoms; R 1 is selected from the group consisting of MO 3 SR, wherein M & R are as described above, ##STR42## wherein R 2 & R 3 are each hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, ##STR43## wherein r is from 2 to 6; c. a polyether represented by the formula: R(OZ).sub.m wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylaryl and arylalkyl; m is 5 to 100; and Z=(C.sub.u H.sub.2u O).sub.r (C.sub.v H.sub.2v O).sub.s T wherein u and v=0 to 4 but at least one of u or v must be greater than 0, r+s=6 to 200,000; r=0 when u=0; s=0 when v=0; and T is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and benzyl and d. A thioorganic compound represented by the formula: ##STR44## wherein the bond between C and S and N and C is a single or a double bond, R 1 or R 2 may be hydrogen or R 1 taken together with R 2 forms a heterocyclic ring structure of 5 to 6 members or a benzo-substituted heterocyclic ring structure of 5 to 6 members wherein said ring members are comprised totally of carbon atoms or carbon atoms and at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of S, N and N-substituted atom, R 3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen alkyl and aralkyl, and R 4 is ##STR45## wherein R 5 and R 6 are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and aralkyl groups.

Claim 23

Dependent Claim 52 words

The acid copper bath of claim 19 wherein said alkylating agent is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl halide having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an alkylene halide having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkynyl halide having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms and an aralkyl halide.

Claim 24

Dependent Claim 14 words

The acid copper bath of claim 20 wherein said aralkyl halide is benzyl chloride.

Claim 25

Dependent Claim 13 words

The acid copper electroplating bath of claim 19 wherein said epihalohydrin is epichlorohydrin.

Claim 26

Dependent Claim 23 words

The acid copper electroplating bath of claim 19 wherein said alkylated polyalkyleneimine is formed from substantially equimolar amounts of polyalkyleneimine and alkylating agent.

Claim 27

Dependent Claim 32 words

The acid copper electroplating bath of claim 19 wherein said organic sulfo sulfonate is a disulfosulfonate represented by the formula: MO.sub.3 S(CH.sub.2).sub.a S--S(CH.sub.2).sub.a SO.sub.3 M wherein a is from 2 to 6.

Claim 28

Dependent Claim 51 words

The acid copper electroplating bath of claim 19 wherein said organic sulfo sulfonate is a sulfonated dialkyl dithiocarbamate represented by the formula: ##STR46## wherein R may be each an alkyl group of from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon and b is a number from 2 to 6.

Claim 29

Dependent Claim 15 words

The acid copper electroplating bath of claim 19 wherein said organic sulfo sulfonate is ##STR47##

Claim 30

Dependent Claim 15 words

The acid copper electroplating bath of claim 19 wherein said organic sulfo sulfonate is: ##STR48##

Claim 31

Dependent Claim 166 words

An aqueous acid copper electroplating bath containing: a. An alkylated polyalkyleneimine obtained as the reaction product of a polyalkyleneimine represented by the formula: H.sub.2 N--(CH.sub.2).sub.n NH--R wherein R is H or (CH 2 ) n NH 2 and n=1 to 6, with epichlorohydrin and benzyl chloride, the molar amounts of polyalkyleneimine, epichlorohydrin and benzyl chloride being substantially equal; b. an organic sulfo sulfonate represented by the formula: MO.sub.3 S(CH.sub.2).sub.a S--S(CH.sub.2).sub.a SO.sub.3 M wherein a is from 2 to 6; c. a polyether represented by the formula: R(OZ).sub.m wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylaryl and arylalkyl; m is 5 to 100; and Z=(C.sub.u H.sub.2u O).sub.r (C.sub.v H.sub.2v O).sub.s T wherein u and v=0 to 4 but at least one of u or v must be greater than 0, r+s=6 to 200,000; r=0 when u=0; s=0 when v=0; and T is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and benzyl; and d. an equimolar combination of 2-thiazolidinethione and 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-imidazolidinethione.

Claim 32

Dependent Claim 166 words

An aqueous acid copper electroplating bath containing: a. An alkylated polyalkyleneimine obtained as the reaction product of a polyalkyleneimine represented by the formula: H.sub.2 N--(CH.sub.2).sub.n NH--R wherein R is H or (CH 2 ) n NH 2 and n=1 to 6, with epichlorohydrin and benzyl chloride, the molar amounts of polyalkyleneimine, epichlorohydrin and benzyl chloride being substantially equal; b. an organic sulfo sulfonate represented by the formula: MO.sub.3 S(CH.sub.2).sub.a S--S(CH.sub.2).sub.a SO.sub.3 M wherein a is from 2 to 6; c. a polyether represented by the formula: R(OZ).sub.m wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylaryl and arylalkyl; m is 5 to 100; and Z=(C.sub.u H.sub.2u O).sub.r (C.sub.v H.sub.2v O).sub.s T wherein u and v=0 to 4 but at least one of u or v must be greater than 0, r+s=6 to 200,000; r=0 when u=0; s=0 when v=0; and T is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and benzyl; and d. an equimolar combination of 2-thiazolidinethione and 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-imidazolidinethione.

Claim 33

Dependent Claim 52 words

A process for producing copper deposits which comprises electrodepositing copper from an aqueous acidic copper bath containing the reaction product of a polyalkyleneimine represented by the formula: H.sub.2 N--(CH.sub.2).sub.n NH--R wherein R is H or (CH 2 ) n NH 2 and n=1 to 6 with an epihalohydrin and an alkylating agent.

Claim 34

Dependent Claim 52 words

A process for producing copper deposits which comprises electrodepositing copper from an aqueous acidic copper bath containing the reaction product of a polyalkyleneimine represented by the formula: H.sub.2 N--(CH.sub.2).sub.n NH--R wherein R is H or (CH 2 ) n NH 2 and n=1 to 6 with an epihalohydrin and an alkylating agent.

Claim 35

Dependent Claim 119 words

The process of claim 29 in which said bath further comprises an organic sulfo sulfonate represented by the formula: R.sub.1 --(S).sub.n --RSO.sub.3 M wherein M is an alkali metal or ammonium ion; n is from 1 to 6; R is selected from the group consisting of an alkylene group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon and an aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon containing 6 to 12 carbon atoms; R 1 is selected from the group consisting of MO 3 SR, wherein M & R are as described above, ##STR49## wherein R 2 & R 3 are each hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, ##STR50## wherein r is from 2 to 6.

Claim 36

Dependent Claim 88 words

The process of claim 29 in which said bath further comprises a polyether represented by the formula: R(OZ).sub.m wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylaryl and arylalkyl; m is 5 to 100; and Z=(C.sub.u H.sub.2u O).sub.r (C.sub.v H.sub.2v O).sub.s T wherein u and v=0 to 4 but at least one of u or v must be greater than 0, r+s=6 to 200,000; r=0 when u=0; s=0 when v=0; and T is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and benzyl.

Claim 37

Dependent Claim 140 words

The process of claim 29 in which said bath further comprises a thioorganic compound represented by the formula: ##STR51## wherein the bond between C and S and N and C is a single or a double bond, R 1 or R 2 may be hydrogen or R 1 taken together with R 2 forms a heterocyclic ring structure of 5 to 6 members or a benzo-substituted heterocyclic ring structure of 5 to 6 members wherein said ring members are comprised totally of carbon atoms or carbon atoms and at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of S, N and N-substituted atom, R 3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and aralkyl, and R 4 is ##STR52## wherein R 5 and R 6 are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and aralkyl groups.

Claim 38

Dependent Claim 249 words

A process for producing bright and leveled copper deposits which comprises electrodepositing copper from an aqueous acidic copper bath containing: a. an alkylated polyalkyleneimine obtained as the reaction product of a polyalkyleneimine represented by the formula: H.sub.2 N--(CH.sub.2).sub.n NH--R wherein R is H or (CH 2 ) n NH 2 and n=1 to 6 with an epihalohydrin and an alkylating agent; b. an organic sulfo sulfonate represented by the formula: R.sub.1 --(S).sub.n --RSO.sub.3 M wherein M is an alkali metal or ammonium ion; n is from 1 to 6; R is selected from the group consisting of an alkylene group of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon and an aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon containing 6 to 12 carbon atoms; R 1 is selected from the group consisting of MO 3 SR, wherein M & R are as described above, ##STR53## wherein R 2 & R 3 are each hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, ##STR54## wherein r is from 2 to 6; and c. a polyether represented by the formula: R(OZ).sub.m wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkyryl, alkylaryl and arylalkyl; m is 5 to 100; and Z=(C.sub.u H.sub.2u O).sub.r (C.sub.v H.sub.2v O).sub.s T wherein u and v=0 to 4 but at least one of u or v must be greater than 0, r+s=6 to 200,000; r=0 when u=0; s=0 when v=0; and T is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl or benzyl.

Claim 39

Dependent Claim 249 words

A process for producing bright and leveled copper deposits which comprises electrodepositing copper from an aqueous acidic copper bath containing: a. an alkylated polyalkyleneimine obtained as the reaction product of a polyalkyleneimine represented by the formula: H.sub.2 N--(CH.sub.2).sub.n NH--R wherein R is H or (CH 2 ) n NH 2 and n=1 to 6 with an epihalohydrin and an alkylating agent; b. an organic sulfo sulfonate represented by the formula: R.sub.1 --(S).sub.n --RSO.sub.3 M wherein M is an alkali metal or ammonium ion; n is from 1 to 6; R is selected from the group consisting of an alkylene group of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon and an aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon containing 6 to 12 carbon atoms; R 1 is selected from the group consisting of MO 3 SR, wherein M & R are as described above, ##STR53## wherein R 2 & R 3 are each hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, ##STR54## wherein r is from 2 to 6; and c. a polyether represented by the formula: R(OZ).sub.m wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkyryl, alkylaryl and arylalkyl; m is 5 to 100; and Z=(C.sub.u H.sub.2u O).sub.r (C.sub.v H.sub.2v O).sub.s T wherein u and v=0 to 4 but at least one of u or v must be greater than 0, r+s=6 to 200,000; r=0 when u=0; s=0 when v=0; and T is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl or benzyl.

Claim 40

Dependent Claim 140 words

The process of claim 33 wherein said bath which further comprises a thioorganic compound represented by the formula: ##STR55## wherein the bond between C and S and N and C is a single or a double bond, R 1 or R 2 may be hydrogen or R 1 taken together with R 2 forms a heterocyclic ring structure of 5 to 6 members or a benzo-substituted heterocyclic ring structure of 5 to 6 members wherein said ring members are comprised totally of carbon atoms or carbon atoms and at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of S, N and N-substituted atom, R 3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen alkyl and aralkyl, and R 4 is ##STR56## wherein R 5 and R 6 are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and aralkyl groups.

Claim 41

Dependent Claim 30 words

The process of claim 34 wherein said organic sulfo sulfonate is a disulfo sulfonate represented by the formula: MO.sub.3 S(CH.sub.2).sub.a S--S(CH.sub.2).sub.2 SO.sub.3 M wherein a is from 2 to 6.

Claim 42

Dependent Claim 48 words

The process of claim 34 wherein said organic sulfo sulfonate is a sulfonated dialkyl dithiocarbamate represented by the formula: ##STR57## wherein R may be each an alkyl group of from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon and b is a number from 2 to 6.

Claim 43

Dependent Claim 12 words

The process of claim 34 wherein said organic sulfo sulfonate is ##STR58##

Claim 44

Dependent Claim 12 words

The process of claim 34 wherein said organic sulfo sulfonate is ##STR59##

Claim 45

Dependent Claim 29 words

The process of claim 34 wherein said thioorganic compound is selected from the group consisting of thiourea, N-alkyl and aryl substituted thioureas, 2-thiazolidinethione, 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-imidazolidinethione, 2-aminothiazole, 2-imidazolinethione, 2-mercaptopyridine, and benzothiazolethione.

Claim 46

Dependent Claim 30 words

The process of claim 33 wherein said organic sulfo sulfonate is a disulfo sulfonate represented by the formula: MO.sub.3 S(CH.sub.2).sub.a S--S(CH.sub.2).sub.a SO.sub.3 M wherein a is from 2 to 6.

Claim 47

Dependent Claim 48 words

The process of claim 33 wherein said organic sulfo sulfonate is as sulfonated dialkyl dithiocarbamate represented by the formula: ##STR60## wherein R may be each an alkyl group of from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon and b is a number from 2 to 6.

Claim 48

Dependent Claim 12 words

The process of claim 33 wherein said organic sulfo sulfonate is ##STR61##

Claim 49

Dependent Claim 12 words

The process of claim 33 wherein said organic sulfo sulfonate is ##STR62##

Claim 50

Dependent Claim 29 words

The process of claim 33 wherein said thioorganic compound is selected from the group consisting of thiourea, N-alkyl and aryl substituted thioureas, 2-thiazolidinethione, 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-imidazolidinethione, 2-aminothiazole, 2-imidazolinethione, 2-mercaptopyridine, and benzothiazolethione.

Claim 51

Dependent Claim 24 words

The process of claim 33 wherein said bath further comprises a thioorganic compound which consists of an equimolar mixture of 2-thiazolidinethione and 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-imidazolidine thione.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1986-03-14	1986-09-13	1987-03-15	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	1990-03-14	1990-09-13	1991-03-15	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	1994-03-14	1994-09-13	1995-03-15	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Acid copper electroplating baths containing brightening and leveling additives

Abstract

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