US4661121A — Middle distillate compositions with improved low …

Claim 1

Independent Claim 177 words

A petroleum distillate fuel oil boiling in the range 120° C. to 500° C. having a final boiling point equal to or greater than 370° C., containing (A) from 0.001% to 2% by weight of a polymer consisting essentially of polyester containing at least 10% (w/w) of a n-alkyl vinyl or fumarate ester in which the alkyl group of said ester contains an average of from 14 to 18 carbon atoms and no more than 10% (w/w) of said ester contains alkyl groups with fewer than 14 carbon atoms and no more than 10% (w/w) contains alkyl groups with greater than 18 carbon atoms, said polymer being copolymerized with 0 to 70 mole % of ester of the formula: ##STR6## wherein R 5 is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 4 alkyl group, R 6 is ##STR7## where R 8 is C 1 to C 5 alkyl and R 7 is R 6 or hydrogen; and (B) at least a cold flow improving amount of a cold flow improving coadditive selected from the group consisting of:

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 177 words

A petroleum distillate fuel oil boiling in the range 120° C. to 500° C. having a final boiling point equal to or greater than 370° C., containing (A) from 0.001% to 2% by weight of a polymer consisting essentially of polyester containing at least 10% (w/w) of a n-alkyl vinyl or fumarate ester in which the alkyl group of said ester contains an average of from 14 to 18 carbon atoms and no more than 10% (w/w) of said ester contains alkyl groups with fewer than 14 carbon atoms and no more than 10% (w/w) contains alkyl groups with greater than 18 carbon atoms, said polymer being copolymerized with 0 to 70 mole % of ester of the formula: ##STR6## wherein R 5 is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 4 alkyl group, R 6 is ##STR7## where R 8 is C 1 to C 5 alkyl and R 7 is R 6 or hydrogen; and (B) at least a cold flow improving amount of a cold flow improving coadditive selected from the group consisting of:

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 63 words

copolymers of ethylene with unsaturated esters of the general formula: ##STR8## wherein R 10 is hydrogen or methyl, R 9 is selected from the group consisting of (a) ##STR9## groups wherein R 12 is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 17 alkyl group; and (b) --COOR 12 groups wherein R 12 is a C 1 to C 17 alkyl groups; and 2.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 63 words

copolymers of ethylene with unsaturated esters of the general formula: ##STR8## wherein R 10 is hydrogen or methyl, R 9 is selected from the group consisting of (a) ##STR9## groups wherein R 12 is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 17 alkyl group; and (b) --COOR 12 groups wherein R 12 is a C 1 to C 17 alkyl groups; and 2.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 53 words

polar nitrogen containing compounds of 30 to 300 carbon atoms, having at least one straight chain C 8 to C 40 alkyl segment, which are amine salts or amides formed by reaction of a molar proportion of C 12 to C 40 amine with a molar proportion of hydrocarbyl acid having 1 to

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 53 words

polar nitrogen containing compounds of 30 to 300 carbon atoms, having at least one straight chain C 8 to C 40 alkyl segment, which are amine salts or amides formed by reaction of a molar proportion of C 12 to C 40 amine with a molar proportion of hydrocarbyl acid having 1 to

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 30 words

4 carboxylic acid groups or their anhydrides. 2. A petroleum distillate fuel oil according to claim 1 in which (A) is the copolymer of vinyl acetate and a di-n-alkyl fumerate.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 29 words

A petroleum distillate fuel oil according to claim 1 in which (B) is a copolymer of ethylene with said unsaturated ester wherein R 12 contains 1 to 8 carbons.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 30 words

A petroleum distillate fuel oil according to claim 3 in which (B) is a copolymer of ethylene and a vinyl ester of a C 1 to C 4 carboxylic acid.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 17 words

A petroleum distillate fuel oil according to claim 1 wherein (B) is a polar nitrogen containing compound.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 152 words

An additive concentrate comprising an oil solution containing from 3 to 80 wt.% of additives comprising (A) a polymer or copolymer of a n-alkyl vinyl or fumarate ester in which the alkyl group of said ester contains an average of from 14 to 18 carbon atoms and no more than 10% (w/w) of said ester contains alkyl groups with fewer than 14 carbon atoms and no more than 10% (w/w) contains alkyl groups with more than 18 carbon atoms, said polymer being copolymerized with 0 to 70 mole % of ester of the formula: ##STR10## wherein R 5 is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 4 alkyl group, R 6 is ##STR11## where R 8 is C 1 to C 5 alkyl and R 7 is R 6 or hydrogen; and (B) at least a cold flow improving amount of a cold flow improving coadditive selected from the group consisting of:

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 152 words

An additive concentrate comprising an oil solution containing from 3 to 80 wt.% of additives comprising (A) a polymer or copolymer of a n-alkyl vinyl or fumarate ester in which the alkyl group of said ester contains an average of from 14 to 18 carbon atoms and no more than 10% (w/w) of said ester contains alkyl groups with fewer than 14 carbon atoms and no more than 10% (w/w) contains alkyl groups with more than 18 carbon atoms, said polymer being copolymerized with 0 to 70 mole % of ester of the formula: ##STR10## wherein R 5 is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 4 alkyl group, R 6 is ##STR11## where R 8 is C 1 to C 5 alkyl and R 7 is R 6 or hydrogen; and (B) at least a cold flow improving amount of a cold flow improving coadditive selected from the group consisting of:

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 62 words

copolymers of ethylene with unsaturated esters of the general formula: ##STR12## wherein R 10 is hydrogen or methyl, R 9 is selected from the group consisting of (a) ##STR13## groups wherein R 12 is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 17 alkyl group; and (b) --COOR 12 groups wherein R 12 is a C 1 to C 17 alkyl groups; and

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 62 words

copolymers of ethylene with unsaturated esters of the general formula: ##STR12## wherein R 10 is hydrogen or methyl, R 9 is selected from the group consisting of (a) ##STR13## groups wherein R 12 is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 17 alkyl group; and (b) --COOR 12 groups wherein R 12 is a C 1 to C 17 alkyl groups; and

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 60 words

polar nitrogen containing compounds of 30 to 300 carbon atoms, having at least one straight chain C 8 to C 40 alkyl segment, which are amine salts or amides formed by reaction of a molar proportion of C 12 to C 40 amine with a molar proportion of hydrocarbyl acid having 1 to 4 carboxylic acid groups or their anhydrides.

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 60 words

polar nitrogen containing compounds of 30 to 300 carbon atoms, having at least one straight chain C 8 to C 40 alkyl segment, which are amine salts or amides formed by reaction of a molar proportion of C 12 to C 40 amine with a molar proportion of hydrocarbyl acid having 1 to 4 carboxylic acid groups or their anhydrides.

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 19 words

A concentrate according to claim 6, in which (A) is a copolymer of vinyl acetate and a di-n-alkyl fumarate.

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 26 words

A concentrate according to claim 6, in which (B) is a copolymer of ethylene with said unsaturated ester wherein R 12 contains 1 to 8 carbons.

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 27 words

A concentrate according to claim 8 in which (B) is a copolymer of ethylene and a vinyl ester of a C 1 to C 4 carboxylic acid.

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 40 words

A petroleum distillate fuel oil according to claim 1, which contains a coadditive of group (B)1. and a coadditive of group (B)2. in a relative proportion of 1 to 20 parts by weight of each of (A), (B)1 and (B)2.

Claim 21

Dependent Claim 50 words

A petroleum distillate fuel oil according to claim 1 wherein (A) is a copolymer of alkyl fumerate and vinyl acetate and (B)1 is a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate with (B)2 the reaction product of a molar proportion of phthalic anhydride and two molar proportions of di-hydrogenated tallow amine.

Claim 22

Dependent Claim 30 words

A concentrate according to claim 6, which contains (A), (B)1 and (B)2 in a relative proportion of 1 to 20 parts by weight of each of (A), (B)1 and (B)2.

Claim 23

Independent Claim 167 words

A method of reducing the wax appearance point of a distillate petroleum fuel oil boiling in the range of 120° to 500° C. and having a final boiling point equal to or greater than 370° C. by adding to said oil a wax appearance depressing amount of polymer consisting essentially of polyester containing at least 10% (w/w) of a n-alkyl vinyl or fumerate ester in which the alkyl group of said ester contains an average of from 14 to 18 carbon atoms and no more than 10% (w/w) of said ester contains alkyl groups with fewer than 14 carbon atoms and no more than 10% (w/w) contains alkyl groups with greater than 18 carbon atoms, said polymer being copolymerized with 0 to 70 mole % of ester of the formula: ##STR14## wherein R 5 is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 4 alkyl group, R 6 is ##STR15## where R 8 is C 1 to C 5 alkyl and R 7 is R 6 or hydrogen.

Claim 24

Independent Claim 167 words

A method of reducing the wax appearance point of a distillate petroleum fuel oil boiling in the range of 120° to 500° C. and having a final boiling point equal to or greater than 370° C. by adding to said oil a wax appearance depressing amount of polymer consisting essentially of polyester containing at least 10% (w/w) of a n-alkyl vinyl or fumerate ester in which the alkyl group of said ester contains an average of from 14 to 18 carbon atoms and no more than 10% (w/w) of said ester contains alkyl groups with fewer than 14 carbon atoms and no more than 10% (w/w) contains alkyl groups with greater than 18 carbon atoms, said polymer being copolymerized with 0 to 70 mole % of ester of the formula: ##STR14## wherein R 5 is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 4 alkyl group, R 6 is ##STR15## where R 8 is C 1 to C 5 alkyl and R 7 is R 6 or hydrogen.

Claim 25

Independent Claim 181 words

A method of reducing the wax appearance point of a distillate petroleum fuel oil boiling in the range of 120° to 500° C. and having a final boiling point equal to or greater than 370° C. by adding to said oil (A) a wax appearance depressing amount of polymer consisting essentially of polyester containing at least 10% (w/w) of a n-alkyl vinyl or fumerate ester in which the alkyl group of said ester contains an average of from 14 to 18 carbon atoms and no more than 10% (w/w) of said ester contains alkyl groups with fewer than 14 carbon atoms and no more than 10% (w/w) contains alkyl groups with greater than 18 carbon atoms, said polymer being copolymerized with 0 to 70 mole % of ester of the formula: ##STR16## wherein R 5 is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 4 alkyl group, R 6 is ##STR17## where R 8 is C 1 to C 5 alkyl and R 7 is R 6 or hydrogen; and (B) a cold flow improving additive selected from the group consisting of:

Claim 26

Independent Claim 181 words

A method of reducing the wax appearance point of a distillate petroleum fuel oil boiling in the range of 120° to 500° C. and having a final boiling point equal to or greater than 370° C. by adding to said oil (A) a wax appearance depressing amount of polymer consisting essentially of polyester containing at least 10% (w/w) of a n-alkyl vinyl or fumerate ester in which the alkyl group of said ester contains an average of from 14 to 18 carbon atoms and no more than 10% (w/w) of said ester contains alkyl groups with fewer than 14 carbon atoms and no more than 10% (w/w) contains alkyl groups with greater than 18 carbon atoms, said polymer being copolymerized with 0 to 70 mole % of ester of the formula: ##STR16## wherein R 5 is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 4 alkyl group, R 6 is ##STR17## where R 8 is C 1 to C 5 alkyl and R 7 is R 6 or hydrogen; and (B) a cold flow improving additive selected from the group consisting of:

Claim 27

Dependent Claim 62 words

copolymers of ethylene with unsaturated esters of the general formula: ##STR18## wherein R 10 is hydrogen or methyl, R 9 is selected from the group consisting of (a) ##STR19## groups wherein R 12 is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 17 alkyl group; and (b) COOR 12 groups wherein R 12 is a C 1 to C 17 alkyl group; and

Claim 28

Dependent Claim 62 words

copolymers of ethylene with unsaturated esters of the general formula: ##STR18## wherein R 10 is hydrogen or methyl, R 9 is selected from the group consisting of (a) ##STR19## groups wherein R 12 is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 17 alkyl group; and (b) COOR 12 groups wherein R 12 is a C 1 to C 17 alkyl group; and

Claim 29

Dependent Claim 60 words

polar nitrogen containing compounds of 30 to 300 carbon atoms, having at least one straight chain C 8 to C 40 alkyl segment which are amine salts or amides formed by reaction of a molar proportion of C 12 to C 40 amine with a molar proportion of hydrocarbyl acid having 1 to 4 carboxylic acid groups or their anhydrides.

Claim 30

Dependent Claim 60 words

polar nitrogen containing compounds of 30 to 300 carbon atoms, having at least one straight chain C 8 to C 40 alkyl segment which are amine salts or amides formed by reaction of a molar proportion of C 12 to C 40 amine with a molar proportion of hydrocarbyl acid having 1 to 4 carboxylic acid groups or their anhydrides.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1990-04-27	1990-10-27	1991-04-28	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	1994-04-27	1994-10-27	1995-04-28	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	1998-04-27	1998-10-27	1999-04-28	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Middle distillate compositions with improved low temperature properties

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