Patent US4511490A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4511490A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Cooperative enzymes comprising alkaline or mixtures of alkaline and neutral proteases without stabilizers
Assignee: Clorox Co
•
Filing: 1983-06-27
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Granted: 1985-04-16
•
Expires: 2003-06-27
Abstract
Abstract A stable, cooperative enzyme system which is stable under use conditions is disclosed which comprises at least two enzymes having activity towards a relatively complex substrate with at least partial activity over the same pH range, wherein their combined activities are greater than the sum of their individual activities as determined by the formula: ##EQU1## wherein E 1 and E 2 are said enzymes. No additional chemical stabilizers, modifiers or activators are added to the enzymes of this invention. Particularly preferred enzymes in this invention are proteases having optimal activity in acidic, neutral or alkaline media, and mixtures of the same. A method of making this cooperative enzyme system is also disclosed. The enzyme systems of this invention have a wide variety of uses in cleaning and other applications.
Inventors
- 👤 Anna G. Stanislowski
- 👤 Richard J. Wiersema
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 08:10
CPC Classifications
C; C12; C12N; C12N9/00; C12N9/14; C12N9/48; C12N9/50; C11; C11D; C11D3/00; C11D3/16; C11D3/38; C11D3/386
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 38
Claim 1
Independent Claim
90 words
A stable, cooperative enzyme system comprising at least two enzymes having activity for a relatively complex substrate which must contain at least one protein, with at least partial activity over the same pH range, wherein their combined activity is greater than the sum of their individual activities as determined by the formula: ##EQU9## wherein E 1 and E 2 are said enzymes; wherein said enzymes are alkaline or mixtures of alkaline and neutral proteases; and wherein no stabilizers are present when said enzymes are mixtures of alkaline and neutral proteases.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
90 words
A stable, cooperative enzyme system comprising at least two enzymes having activity for a relatively complex substrate which must contain at least one protein, with at least partial activity over the same pH range, wherein their combined activity is greater than the sum of their individual activities as determined by the formula: ##EQU9## wherein E 1 and E 2 are said enzymes; wherein said enzymes are alkaline or mixtures of alkaline and neutral proteases; and wherein no stabilizers are present when said enzymes are mixtures of alkaline and neutral proteases.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
30 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 1 wherein said enzymes include a first enzyme which is a neutral protease and at least a second enzyme which is an alkaline protease.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
13 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 2 wherein said first enzyme is Milezyme®.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
25 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 2 wherein said second enzyme is selected from the group consisting essentially of Esperase®, Alcalase®, Savinase®, Maxacal®, and Maxatase®.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
86 words
A stable, cooperative enzyme system comprising at least two similar enzymes having similar specificity, similar optimal pH, wherein their combined activity towards a relatively complex substrate which must contain at least one protein, is greater than the sum of their individual activities as determined by the formula: ##EQU10## wherein E 1 and E 2 are said similar enzymes; wherein said enzymes are alkaline or mixtures of alkaline and neutral proteases; and wherein no stabilizers are present when said enzymes are mixtures of alkaline and neutral proteases.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
86 words
A stable, cooperative enzyme system comprising at least two similar enzymes having similar specificity, similar optimal pH, wherein their combined activity towards a relatively complex substrate which must contain at least one protein, is greater than the sum of their individual activities as determined by the formula: ##EQU10## wherein E 1 and E 2 are said similar enzymes; wherein said enzymes are alkaline or mixtures of alkaline and neutral proteases; and wherein no stabilizers are present when said enzymes are mixtures of alkaline and neutral proteases.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
21 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 5 wherein said enzymes are at least two proteases having optimal activity in alkaline media.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
24 words
The cooperative enzyme systme of claim 6 wherein said enzymes are selected from the group consisting essentially of Esperase®, Alcalase®, Savinase®, Maxacal®, and Maxatase®.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 7 wherein said enzymes are Esperase® and Alcalase®.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 7 wherein said enzymes are Esperase® and Savinase®.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 7 wherein said enzymes are Esperase® and Maxacal®.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 7 wherein said enzymes are Esperase® and Maxatase®.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 7 wherein said enzymes are Alcalase® and Maxacal®.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 7 wherein said enzymes are Alcalase® and Savinase®.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 7 wherein said enzymes are Savinase® and Maxacal®.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 7 wherein said enzymes are Savinase® and Maxatase®.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 7 wherein said enzymes are Maxacal® and Maxatase®.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
35 words
A stable, cooperative enzyme system comprising at least two enzymes which are alkaline, or mixtures of alkaline and neutral proteases; wherein no stabilizers are present when said enzymes are mixtures of alkaline and neutral proteases.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
35 words
A stable, cooperative enzyme system comprising at least two enzymes which are alkaline, or mixtures of alkaline and neutral proteases; wherein no stabilizers are present when said enzymes are mixtures of alkaline and neutral proteases.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
28 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 17 wherein said enzymes include a first enzyme which is a neutral protease and a second enzyme which is an alkaline protease.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
13 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 18 wherein said first enzyme is Milezyme®.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
24 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 18 wherein said second enzyme is selected from group consisting essentially of Esperase®, Alcalase®, Savinase®, Maxacal®, and Maxatase®.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
13 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 17 wherein said enzymes are alkaline proteases.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
24 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 21 wherein said enzymes are selected from the group consisting essentially of Esperase®, Alcalase®, Savinase®, Maxacal®, and Maxatase®.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 22 wherein said enzymes are Esperase® and Alcalase®.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 22 wherein said enzymes are Esperase® and Maxatase®.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 22 wherein said enzymes are Alcalase® and Maxacal®.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 22 wherein said enzymes are Alcalase® and Savinase®.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 22 wherein said enzymes are Savinase® and Maxacal®.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 22 wherein said enzymes are Savinase® and Maxatase®.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 22 wherein said enzymes are Esperase® and Savinase®.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 22 wherein said enzymes are Esperase® and Maxacal®.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cooperative enzyme system of claim 22 wherein said enzymes are Maxacal® and Maxatase®.
Claim 35
Independent Claim
98 words
A method of making a stable, cooperative enzyme system comprising combining at least two enzymes having activity towards a relatively complex substrate, which must contain at least one protein, with at least partial activity over the same pH range, wherein the combined activity of the enzymes is greater than the sum of their individual activities as determined by the formula: ##EQU11## wherein E 1 and E 2 are said enzymes; wherein said enzymes are alkaline or mixtures of alkaline and neutral proteases; and wherein no stabilizers are present when said enzymes are mixtures of alkaline and neutral proteases.
Claim 36
Independent Claim
98 words
A method of making a stable, cooperative enzyme system comprising combining at least two enzymes having activity towards a relatively complex substrate, which must contain at least one protein, with at least partial activity over the same pH range, wherein the combined activity of the enzymes is greater than the sum of their individual activities as determined by the formula: ##EQU11## wherein E 1 and E 2 are said enzymes; wherein said enzymes are alkaline or mixtures of alkaline and neutral proteases; and wherein no stabilizers are present when said enzymes are mixtures of alkaline and neutral proteases.
Claim 37
Independent Claim
94 words
A method of making a stable, cooperative enzyme system comprising combining at least two similar enzymes, which have similar specificity, similar optimal pH, and wherein their combined activity towards a relatively complex substrate which must contain at least one protein, must be greater than the sum of their individual activities as determined by the formula: ##EQU12## wherein E 1 and E 2 are said similar enzymes; wherein said enzymes are alkaline or mixtures of alkaline and neutral proteases; and wherein no stabilizers are present when said enzymes are mixtures of alkaline and neutral proteases.
Claim 38
Independent Claim
94 words
A method of making a stable, cooperative enzyme system comprising combining at least two similar enzymes, which have similar specificity, similar optimal pH, and wherein their combined activity towards a relatively complex substrate which must contain at least one protein, must be greater than the sum of their individual activities as determined by the formula: ##EQU12## wherein E 1 and E 2 are said similar enzymes; wherein said enzymes are alkaline or mixtures of alkaline and neutral proteases; and wherein no stabilizers are present when said enzymes are mixtures of alkaline and neutral proteases.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-04-15 | 1988-10-15 | 1989-04-16 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-04-15 | 1992-10-15 | 1993-04-16 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-04-15 | 1996-10-15 | 1997-04-16 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |