Patent US4448703A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4448703A
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US
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Carboxylic solubilizer/surfactant combinations and aqueous compositions containing same
Assignee: Lubrizol Corp
•
Filing: 1982-03-04
•
Granted: 1984-05-15
•
Expires: 2002-03-04
Abstract
Abstract Combinations of carboxylic solubilizers, made by reaction of an acylating agent with an N-(hydroxyl-substituted hydrocarbyl) amine and surfactants are useful in incorporating oil-soluble, water-insoluble functional additives into aqueous systems. Typical solubilizers are made by reacting an alkyl-substituted succinic anhydride containing about 12 to about 500 carbon atoms with an alkanol amine such as diethyl ethanol amine. Typical surfactants are non-ionic hydrophilic surfactants such as ethoxylated phenols and ionic surfactants of both the anionic and cationic type. Typical functional additives are anti-wear, extreme pressure and load-carrying agents such as dithiophosphates. The aqueous systems formed with the aid of such combinations are useful, for example, as water-based hydraulic fluids.
Inventors
- 👤 John W. Forsberg
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 15:41
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08F; C08F8/00; C08F8/44; C08F8/14; C08F8/30; C08F8/32; C10; C10M; C10M173/00; C10M173/02; C08F2810/00; C08F2810/20; C10M2205/00; C10M2205/14; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S516/00; Y10S516/01; Y10S516/07
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 114
Claim 1
Independent Claim
82 words
A composition comprising a continuous aqueous phase, and dispersed in said aqueous phase the combination of (A) at least one nitrogen-containing, phosphorus-free carboxylic solubilizer made by the reaction of (A)(I) at least one polycarboxylic acid acylating agent having at least one hydrocarbon-based substituent of at least about 30 to about 500 carbon atoms with (A)(II) at least one (a) N-(hydroxyl-substituted hydrocarbyl) amine, (b) hydroxyl-substituted poly(hydrocarbyloxy) analog of said amine or (c) mixtures of (a) and (b); and (B) at least one surfactant.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
82 words
A composition comprising a continuous aqueous phase, and dispersed in said aqueous phase the combination of (A) at least one nitrogen-containing, phosphorus-free carboxylic solubilizer made by the reaction of (A)(I) at least one polycarboxylic acid acylating agent having at least one hydrocarbon-based substituent of at least about 30 to about 500 carbon atoms with (A)(II) at least one (a) N-(hydroxyl-substituted hydrocarbyl) amine, (b) hydroxyl-substituted poly(hydrocarbyloxy) analog of said amine or (c) mixtures of (a) and (b); and (B) at least one surfactant.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein said acylating agent (A)(I) can be represented by the formula: ##STR6## wherein hyd is said hydrocarbon-based substituent.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
24 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein said hydrocarbon-based substituent is an alkyl or an alkenyl group of about 30 to about 500 carbon atoms.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
20 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein said hydrocarbon-based substituent is a poly(isobutene) of about 30 to about 500 carbon atoms.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition of claim 2 wherein hyd is an alkyl or an alkenyl group of about 30 to about 500 carbon atoms.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 2 wherein hyd is poly(isobutene) of about 30 to about 500 carbon atoms.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
35 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the amine (A)(II) has from 1 to 4 hydroxyl groups per molecule bonded to a hydrocarbyl group, said hydrocarbyl group being bonded to the amine portion of the molecule.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the amine (A)(II) contains up to about 40 carbon atoms.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
24 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the amine (A)(II) is a primary, secondary or tertiary alkanol amine of up to about 40 carbon atoms.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the amine (A)(II) is a mixture of at least two alkanol amines of up to about 40 carbon atoms each.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
46 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the amine (A)(II) is a hydroxy-substituted primary amine of the formula R.sub.a --NH.sub.2 wherein R a is a monovalent organic radical containing at least one hydroxy group, the total number of carbon atoms in R a not exceeding about 20.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition of claim 11 wherein the total number of carbon atoms in R a does not exceed 10.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 11 wherein R a contains up to 4 hydroxyl groups.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 11 R a is a monohydroxy-substituted alkyl group.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
93 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the amine (A)(II) is selected from the group consisting of (a) primary, secondary and tertiary alkanol amines which can be represented correspondingly by the formulae: ##STR7## (b) hydroxyl-substituted oxyalkylene analogs of said alkanol amines represented by the formulae: ##STR8## wherein each R is independently a hydrocarbyl group of one to about 8 carbon atoms or hydroxyl-substituted hydrocarbyl group of 2 to about 8 carbon atoms and R' is a divalent hydrocarbyl group of two to about 18 carbon atoms, and (c) mixtures of two or more thereof.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the amine (A)(II) is a mixture of diethylethanolamine and ethanolamine.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the surfactant (B) is a non-ionic, cationic, or anionic hydrophilic surfactant.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the surfactant (B) is an anionic surfactant.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the surfactant (B) is a hydrophilic surfactant having an HLB value of about 10 to about 20.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the surfactant (B) is an ethoxylated alkyl phenol.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the surfactant (B) is selected from the group consisting of carboxylate soaps, organo sulfates, sulfonates, sulfocarboxylic acids and/or their salts, and phosphates.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
39 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein there is also present in the solubilizer forming reaction mixture at least one lower molecular weight carboxylic acylating agent of 1 to about 18 carbon atoms in addition to the acylating agent (A)(I).
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition of claim 22 wherein said lower molecular weight acylating agent is a fatty acid of 10 to 18 carbon atoms.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition of claim 22 wherein said lower molecular weight acylating agent is a low molecular weight alkyl or alkenyl succinic acid.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition of claim 22 wherein said lower molecular weight acylating agent is tetrapropenyl succinic anhydride.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
62 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein there is also present in the solubilizer forming reaction mixture at least one lower molecular weight substituted succinic acid or anhydride in addition to the acylating agent (A)(I), said lower molecular weight succinic acid or anhydride being represented by the formulae: ##STR9## wherein R* is a hydrocarbyl group of about 1 to about 10 carbon atoms.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
62 words
The composition of claim 2 wherein there is also present in the solubilizer forming reaction mixture at least one lower molecular weight substituted succinic acid or anhydride in addition to the acylating agent (A)(I), said lower molecular weight succinic acid or anhydride being represented by the formulae: ##STR10## wherein R* is a hydrocarbyl group of about 1 to about 10 carbon atoms.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
44 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein there is also present in solubilizer forming reaction mixture in addition to the acylating agent (A)(I) at least one acid halide of a lower molecular weight carboxylic acid acylating agent of about 1 to about 18 carbon atoms.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
68 words
A composition comprising a continuous aqueous phase, and dispersed in said aqueous phase the combination of (A) at least one nitrogen-containing, phosphorus-free carboxylic solubilizer made by the reaction of (A)(I) at least one polycarboxylic acid acylating agent having at least one hydrocarbon-based substituent of at least about 30 to about 500 carbon atoms with (A)(II) at least one (a) N-(hydroxyl-substituted hydrocarbyl) amine; and (B) at least one surfactant.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
68 words
A composition comprising a continuous aqueous phase, and dispersed in said aqueous phase the combination of (A) at least one nitrogen-containing, phosphorus-free carboxylic solubilizer made by the reaction of (A)(I) at least one polycarboxylic acid acylating agent having at least one hydrocarbon-based substituent of at least about 30 to about 500 carbon atoms with (A)(II) at least one (a) N-(hydroxyl-substituted hydrocarbyl) amine; and (B) at least one surfactant.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 29 wherein said acylating agent (A)(I) can be represented by the formula: ##STR11## wherein hyd is said hydrocarbon-based substituent.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 29 wherein said hydrocarbon-based substituent is an alkyl or an alkenyl group of about +to about 500 carbon atoms.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
20 words
The composition of claim 29 wherein said hydrocarbon-based substituent is a poly(isobutene) of about 30 to about 500 carbon atoms.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition of claim 30 wherein hyd is an alkyl or an alkenyl group of about 30 to about 500 carbon atoms.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 30 wherein hyd is poly(isobutene) of about 30 to about 500 carbon atoms.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
35 words
The composition of claim 29 wherein the amine (A)(II) has from 1 to 4 hydroxyl groups per molecule bonded to a hydrocarbyl group, said hydrocarbyl group being bonded to the amine portion of the molecule.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition of claim 29 wherein the amine (A)(II) contains up to about 40 carbon atoms.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
24 words
The composition of claim 29 wherein the amine (A)(II) is a primary, secondary or tertiary alkanol amine of up to about 40 carbon atoms.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composition of claim 29 wherein the amine (A)(II) is a mixture of at least two alkanol amines of up to about 40 carbon atoms each.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
74 words
The composition of claim 29 wherein the amine (A)(II) is selected from the group consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary alkanol amines which can be represented correspondingly by the formulae: ##STR12## wherein each R is independently a hydrocarbyl group of 1 to about 8 carbon atoms or hydroxyl-substituted hydrocarbyl group of 2 to about 8 carbon atoms and R' is a divalent hydrocarbyl group of 2 to about 18 carbon atoms, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition of claim 29 wherein the amine (A)(II) is a mixture of diethylethanolamine and ethanolamine.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 29 wherein the surfactant (B) is a nonionic, cationic, or anionic hydrophilic surfactant.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 29 wherein the surfactant (B) is an anionic surfactant.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 29 wherein the surfactant (B) is a hydrophilic surfactant having an HLB value of about 10 to about 20.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 29 wherein the surfactant (B) is an ethoxylated alkyl phenol.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
39 words
The composition of claim 29 wherein there is also present in the solubilizer forming reaction mixture at least one lower molecular weight carboxylic acylating agent of 1 to about 18 carbon atoms in addition to the acylating agent (A)(I).
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition of claim 45 wherein said lower molecular weight acylating agent is a fatty acid of 10 to 18 carbon atoms.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition of claim 45 wherein said lower molecular weight acylating agent is tetrapropenyl succinic anhydride.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
82 words
A composition comprising a continuous aqueous phase, and dispersed in said aqueous phase the combination of (A) at least one nitrogen-containing, phosphorus-free carboxylic solubilizer made by the reaction of (A)(I) at least one carboxylic acid acylating agent having at least one hydrocarbon-based substituent of at least about 50 to about 500 carbon atoms with (A)(II) at least one (a) N-(hydroxyl-substituted hydrocarbyl) amine, (b) hydroxyl-substituted poly(hydrocarbyloxy) analog of said amine or (c) mixtures of (a) and (b); and (B) at least one surfactant.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
82 words
A composition comprising a continuous aqueous phase, and dispersed in said aqueous phase the combination of (A) at least one nitrogen-containing, phosphorus-free carboxylic solubilizer made by the reaction of (A)(I) at least one carboxylic acid acylating agent having at least one hydrocarbon-based substituent of at least about 50 to about 500 carbon atoms with (A)(II) at least one (a) N-(hydroxyl-substituted hydrocarbyl) amine, (b) hydroxyl-substituted poly(hydrocarbyloxy) analog of said amine or (c) mixtures of (a) and (b); and (B) at least one surfactant.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition of claim 48 wherein the acylating agent (A)(I) is a polycarboxylic acid acylating agent.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 48 wherein said acylating agent (A)(I) can be represented by the formula: ##STR13## wherein hyd is said hydrocarbon-based substituent.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
25 words
The composition of claim 48 wherein said hydrocarbon based substituent is an alkyl or an alkenyl group of about 50 to about 500 carbon atoms.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
20 words
The composition of claim 48 wherein said hydrocarbon-based substitutent is a poly(isobutene) of about 50 to about 500 carbon atoms.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition of claim 50 wherein hyd is an alkyl or an alkenyl group of about 50 to about 500 carbon atoms.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 50 wherein hyd is poly(isobutene) of about 50 to about 500 carbon atoms.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
35 words
The composition of claim 48 wherein the amine (A)(II) has from 1 to 4 hydroxyl groups per molecule bonded to a hydrocarbyl group, said hydrocarbyl group being bonded to the amine portion of the molecule.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition of claim 48 wherein the amine (A)(II) contains up to about 40 carbon atoms.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
24 words
The composition of claim 48 wherein the amine (A)(II) is a primary, secondary or tertiary alkanol amine of up to about 40 carbon atoms.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
25 words
The composition of claim 48 wherein the amine (A)(II) is a mixture of at least two alkanol amines of up to about 40 carbon atoms.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
45 words
The composition of claim 48 wherein the amine (A)(II) is a hydroxy-substituted primary amine of the formula R.sub.a --NH.sub.2 wherein R a is monovalent organic radical containing at least one hydroxy group, the total number of carbon atoms in R a not exceeding about 20.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition of claim 59 wherein the total number of carbon atoms in R a does not exceed 10.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 59 wherein R a contains up to four hydroxyl groups.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 59 wherein R a is a monohydroxy-substituted alkyl group.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
94 words
The composition of claim 48 wherein the amine (A) (II) is selected from the group consisting of (a) primary, secondary and tertiary alkanol amines which can be represented correspondingly by the formulae: ##STR14## (b) hydroxyl-substituted oxyalkylene analogs of said alkanol amines represented by the formulae: ##STR15## wherein each R is independently a hydrocarbyl group of one to about 8 carbon atoms or hydroxyl-substituted hydrocarbyl group of 2 to about 8 carbon atoms and R' is a divalent hydrocarbyl group of two to about 18 carbon atoms, and (c) mixtures of two or more thereof.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 48 wherein the amine (A) (II) is a mixture of diethylethanolamine and ethanolamine.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 48 wherein the surfactant (B) is a nonionic, cationic, or anionic hydrophilic surfactant.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 48 wherein the surfactant (B) is an anionic surfactant.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 48 wherein the surfactant (B) is a hydrophilic surfactant having an HLB value of about 10 to about 20.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 48 wherein the surfactant (B) is an ethoxylated alkyl phenol.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composition of claim 48 wherein the surfactant (B) is selected from the group consisting of carboxylate soaps, organo sulfates, sulfonates, sulfocarboxylic acids and/or their salts, and phosphates.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
40 words
The composition of claim 48 wherein there is also present in the solubilizer forming reaction mixture at least one lower molecular weight carboxylic acylating agent of 1 to about 18 carbon atoms in addition to the acylating agent (A) (I).
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition of claim 70 wherein said lower molecular weight acylating agent is a fatty acid of 10 to 18 carbon atoms.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition of claim 70 wherein said lower molecular weight acylating agent is a low molecular weight alkyl or alkenyl succinic acid.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition of claim 70 wherein said lower molecular weight acylating agent is tetrapropenyl succinic anhydride.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
63 words
The composition of claim 48 wherein there is also present in the solubilizer forming reaction mixture at least one lower molecular weight substituted succinic acid or anhydride in addition to the acylating agent (A) (I), said lower molecular weight succinic acid or anhydride being represented by the formulae: ##STR16## wherein R* is a hydrocarbyl group of about 1 to about 10 carbon atoms.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
63 words
The composition of claim 50 wherein there is also present in the solubilizer forming reaction mixture at least one lower molecular weight substituted succinic acid or anhydride in addition to the acylating agent (A) (I), said lower molecular weight succinic acid or anhydride being represented by the formulae: ##STR17## wherein R* is a hydrocarbyl group of about 1 to about 10 carbon atoms.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
45 words
The composition of claim 48 wherein there is also present in solubilizer forming reaction mixture in addition to the acylating agent (A) (I) at least one acid halide of a lower molecular weight carboxylic acid acylating agent of about 1 to about 18 carbon atoms.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
70 words
A composition comprising a continuous aqueous phase, and dispersed in said aqueous phase the combination of (A) at least one nitrogen-containing, phosphorus-free carboxylic solubilizer made by the reaction of (A) (I) at least one carboxylic acid acylating agent having at least one hydrocarbon-based substituent of at least about 50 to about 500 carbon atoms with (A) (II) at least one (a) N-(hydroxyl-substituted hydrocarbyl) amine; and (B) at least one surfactant.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
70 words
A composition comprising a continuous aqueous phase, and dispersed in said aqueous phase the combination of (A) at least one nitrogen-containing, phosphorus-free carboxylic solubilizer made by the reaction of (A) (I) at least one carboxylic acid acylating agent having at least one hydrocarbon-based substituent of at least about 50 to about 500 carbon atoms with (A) (II) at least one (a) N-(hydroxyl-substituted hydrocarbyl) amine; and (B) at least one surfactant.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 77 wherein the acylating agent (A) (I) is a polycarboxylic acid acylating agent.
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
24 words
The composition of claim 77 wherein said acylating agent (A) (I) can be represented by the formula: ##STR18## wherein hyd is said hydrocarbon-based substituent.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
24 words
The composition of claim 77 wherein said hydrocarbon-based substituent is an alkyl or an alkenyl group of about 50 to about 500 carbon atoms.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
20 words
The composition of claim 77 wherein said hydrocarbon-based substituent is a poly(isobutene) of about 50 to about 500 carbon atoms.
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition of claim 79 wherein hyd is an alkyl or an alkenyl group of about 50 to about 500 carbon atoms.
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 79 wherein hyd is poly(isobutene) of about 50 to about 500 carbon atoms.
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
36 words
The composition of claim 77 wherein the amine (A) (II) has from 1 to 4 hydroxyl groups per molecule bonded to a hydrocarbyl group, said hydrocarbyl group being bonded to the amine portion of the molecule.
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 77 wherein the amine (A) (II) contains up to about 40 carbon atoms.
Claim 90
Dependent Claim
25 words
The composition of claim 77 wherein the amine (A) (II) is a primary, secondary or tertiary alkanol amine of up to about 40 carbon atoms.
Claim 91
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composition of claim 77 wherein the amine (A) (II) is a mixture of at least two alkanol amines of up to about 40 carbon atoms each.
Claim 92
Dependent Claim
75 words
The composition of claim 77 wherein the amine (A) (II) is selected from the group consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary alkanol amines which can be represented correspondingly by the formulae: ##STR19## wherein each R is independently a hydrocarbyl group of 1 to about 8 carbon atoms or hydroxyl-substituted hydrocarbyl group of 2 to about 8 carbon atoms and R' is a divalent hydrocarbyl group of 2 to about 18 carbon atoms, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 93
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 77 wherein the amine (A) (II) is a mixture of diethylethanolamine and ethanolamine.
Claim 94
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 77 wherein the surfactant (B) is a nonionic, cationic, or anionic hydrophilic surfactant.
Claim 95
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 77 wherein the surfactant (B) is an anionic surfactant.
Claim 96
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 77 wherein the surfactant (B) is a hydrophilic surfactant having an HLB value of about 10 to about 20.
Claim 97
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 77 wherein the surfactant (B) is an ethoxylated alkyl phenol.
Claim 98
Dependent Claim
40 words
The composition of claim 77 wherein there is also present in the solubilizer forming reaction mixture at least one lower molecular weight carboxylic acylating agent of 1 to about 18 carbon atoms in addition to the acylating agent (A) (I).
Claim 99
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition of claim 94 wherein said lower molecular weight acylating agent is a fatty acid of 10 to 18 carbon atoms.
Claim 100
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition of claim 94 wherein said lower molecular weight acylating agent is tetrapropenyl succinic anhydride.
Claim 101
Dependent Claim
36 words
The composition of any of claims 1, 29, 48 or 77 wherein said combination comprises about 25% to about 75% by weight of solubilizer (A) and about 75% to about 25% by weight of surfactant (B).
Claim 102
Dependent Claim
50 words
A composition as claimed in any of claims 1, 2, 7, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8-25, 26-28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36-47, 48-51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56-73, 74-76, 77-80, 81, 82, 83, 84 or 85-96, which also comprises (C) at least one oil-soluble, water-insoluble functional additive.
Claim 103
Dependent Claim
56 words
An aqueous system comprising the composition of any of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8-25, 26-28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36-47, 48-51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56-73, 74-76, 77-80, 81, 82, 83, 84 or 85-96, said composition comprising at least about 40% water and less than about 15% hydrocarbyl oil.
Claim 104
Dependent Claim
50 words
An aqueous system comprising the composition of any of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8-25, 26-28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36-47, 48-51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56-73, 74-76, 77-80, 81, 82, 83, 84 or 85-96, and (C) at least one oil-soluble, water-insoluble functional additive.
Claim 105
Dependent Claim
63 words
An aqueous system comprising the composition of any of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8-25, 26-28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36-47, 48-51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56-73, 74-76, 77-80, 81, 82, 83, 84 or 85-96, said system further comprising about 40% to about 70% water and less than about 15% hydrocarbyl oil and being an aqueous concentrate.
Claim 106
Dependent Claim
72 words
An aqueous system comprising the composition of any of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8-25, 26-28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36-47, 48-51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56-73, 74-76, 77-80, 81, 82, 83, 84, or 85-96, and (C) at least one oil-soluble, water-insoluble functional additive, said system further comprising about 40% to about 70% water and less than about 15% hydrocarbyl oil and being an aqueous concentrate.
Claim 107
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 98 wherein the additive (C) is an anti-wear, extreme-pressure agent and/or load-carrying agent.
Claim 108
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition of claim 98 wherein the additive (C) is a metal salt of an acid phosphate or acid thiophosphate hydrocarbyl ester.
Claim 109
Dependent Claim
31 words
A water-based functional fluid made by diluting the system of claim 101 with water wherein the ratio of water to concentrate is in the range of about 80:20 to about 99:1.
Claim 110
Dependent Claim
31 words
A water-based functional fluid made by diluting the system of claim 102 with water wherein the ratio of water to concentrate is in the range of about 80:20 to about 99.1.
Claim 111
Independent Claim
113 words
A method for preparing an aqueous system containing (C) at least one oil-soluble, water-insoluble functional additive which comprises the steps of: (1) mixing the composition of any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8-25, 26-28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36-47, 48-51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56-73, 74-76, 77-80, 82, 82, 83, 84 or 85-96, with said functional additive (C) to form a dispersion/solution; (2) combining said dispersion/solution with water to form a concentrate; and (3) diluting said concentrate with water wherein the total amount of water used is in the amount required to provide the desired concentration of said functional additive (C) in said aqueous system.
Claim 112
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition of claim 98 wherein the functional additive (C) is at least one phosphorus- and/or sulfur-containing additive.
Claim 113
Independent Claim
81 words
A method of preparing an aqueous concentrate containing (C) at least one oil-soluble, water-insoluble functional additive which comprises the steps of: (1) mixing the composition of any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8-25, 26-28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36-47, 48-51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56-73, 74-76, 77-80, 81, 82, 83, 84 or 85-96 with said functional additive (C) to form a disperson/solution; and (2) combining said dispersion/solution with water to form said concentrate.
Claim 114
Independent Claim
103 words
A method of preparing an aqueous system containing (C) at least one oil-soluble, water-insoluble functional additive which comprises the steps of: (1) mixing the composition of any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8-25, 26-28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36-47, 48-51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56-73, 74-76, 77-80, 81, 82, 83, 84 or 85-96 with said functional additive (C) to form a dispersion/solution; and (2) diluting said dispersion/solution with water wherein the total amount of water used is in the amount required to provide the desired concentration of said functional additive (C) in said aqueous system.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-05-15 | 1987-11-14 | 1988-05-15 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-05-15 | 1991-11-14 | 1992-05-15 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-05-15 | 1995-11-14 | 1996-05-15 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |