US4374918A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Thermally stable liquid negative developer
Assignee: Nashua Corp
•
Filing: 1981-09-16
•
Granted: 1983-02-22
•
Expires: 2001-09-16
Abstract
Abstract Disclosed is a thermally stable liquid negative developer comprising an organic liquid carrier, a pigment, a stabilizing gel on the borderline of solubility in the carrier, a latex which imparts a fixative function to the developer, and a two component charge control agent. The charge control agent consists of a first polymer, soluble in the carrier, having a basic character because of the inclusion of pyrrolidone or hydroxylated alkyl groups, and a second polymer, insoluble or on the borderline of solubility in the carrier, having an acid character because of the inclusion of free halogenated groups, and containing a minor amount of carrier soluble moieties. The two components may constitute separate ingredients, or either or both components may be incorporated into the structure of other developer components. Thus, the basic component may be included in the gel, and the acid component included in the latex. The image density of copies produced with the developer remains at optimum levels although the developer is subjected to elevated temperatures in storage or use.
Inventors
- 👤 Norman T. Veillette
- 👤 Charles H. C. Pian
- 👤 Tahsin A. Ashour
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 20:51
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/12; G03G9/13; G03G9/131; G03G9/133; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S430/00; Y10S430/001; Y10S430/105
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
173 words
A liquid negative developer composition of improved storage and thermal stability for developing an electrostatic latent image on the surface of an image bearing member, said composition comprising: an organic liquid carrier having a resistivity greater than 10 9 ohm-cm and a dielectric constant less than 3; a pigment; a gel on the borderline of solubility in said carrier; a latex which is insoluble in said carrier, and a two-component charge control agent for imparting a negative charge to said composition consisting essentially of a first polymer, soluble in said carrier, containing multiple moieties of basic character and comprising a major amount of monomer units (A) selected from the group consisting of: ##STR16## and a minor amount of monomer units (B) selected from the group consisting of: ##STR17## wherein R. is CH 3 or H, Z is a hydrocarbon chain having 8-20 carbon atoms, and Y is a hydroxylated alkyl group; and a second polymer, insoluble in said carrier, containing multiple halogen moities of acid character and a minor amount of carrier-soluble moities.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
173 words
A liquid negative developer composition of improved storage and thermal stability for developing an electrostatic latent image on the surface of an image bearing member, said composition comprising: an organic liquid carrier having a resistivity greater than 10 9 ohm-cm and a dielectric constant less than 3; a pigment; a gel on the borderline of solubility in said carrier; a latex which is insoluble in said carrier, and a two-component charge control agent for imparting a negative charge to said composition consisting essentially of a first polymer, soluble in said carrier, containing multiple moieties of basic character and comprising a major amount of monomer units (A) selected from the group consisting of: ##STR16## and a minor amount of monomer units (B) selected from the group consisting of: ##STR17## wherein R. is CH 3 or H, Z is a hydrocarbon chain having 8-20 carbon atoms, and Y is a hydroxylated alkyl group; and a second polymer, insoluble in said carrier, containing multiple halogen moities of acid character and a minor amount of carrier-soluble moities.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
12 words
The developer of claim 1 wherein said first polymer comprises said gel.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
27 words
The developer of claim 2 wherein said gel comprises a multiply branched, covalently crosslinked structure which entraps said latex, said gel and latex together constituting a gelatex.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
20 words
The developer of claim 1 wherein said second polymer includes a major amount of carrier-insoluble moieties and comprises said latex.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
27 words
The developer of claim 4 wherein said first polymer comprises a major amount of lauryl methacrylate monomer units and a minor amount of hydroxypropyl methacrylate monomer units.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
The developer of claim 4 wherein said monomer units (A) and (B) are cross-linked.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
23 words
The developer of claim 4 wherein, of the total weight solids in said composition, between about 0.1% and 5.0% comprise monomer units B.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
22 words
The developer of claim 4 wherein, of the total weight solids in said composition, between 0.3% and 1.2% comprise monomer units B.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
102 words
The developer of claim 4 wherein said second polymer comprises a minor amount of carrier-soluble monomer units (C) selected from the group consisting of: ##STR18## a minor amount of monomer units (D) for imparting acidic properties to the polymer selected from the group consisting of halogenated dienes having 3-4 carbon atoms and halogenated vinyl compounds; and a major amount of carrier-insoluble monomer units (E) selected from the group consisting of: ##STR19## wherein R is H or CH 3 , Z is a hydrocarbon chain having 8-20 carbon atoms, and A is selected from the group consisting of: ##STR20## wherein n is 1-6.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
56 words
The developer of claim 9 wherein said halogenated vinyl compounds are selected from the group consisting of: ##STR21## wherein G is chloride, R is H or CH 3 , and B is H, alkyl having 1-6 carbon atoms, halogenated alkyl having 1-6 carbon atoms, phenyl, lower alkyl (C 1 -C 3 )substituted phenyl, or acyl halide.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
30 words
The developer of claim 9 wherein said halogenated vinyl compounds are selected from the group consisting of acryloyl chloride, methacryloyl cloride, cinnamoyl chloride, crotonyl chloride, fumaryl chloride, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
13 words
The developer of claim 9 wherein said monomer units (D) are chlorinated isoprene.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
24 words
The developer of claim 9 wherein said monomer unit E is selected from the group consisting of methyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
23 words
The developer of claim 9 wherein, of the total weight solids in said composition, between about 0.6% and 1.3% comprise monomer units D.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
45 words
The developer of claim 9 consisting essentially of the following ingredients in the following parts by weight dispersed in said carrier: ______________________________________
Ingredient Parts by Weight
______________________________________
pigment 40-60
first and second polymers
(charge control agent)
50-70
gel 40-70
wood rosin 15-25
wax 15-25
______________________________________
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
44 words
The developer of claim 9 consisting essentially of the following ingredients in the following parts by weight dispersed in said carrier: ______________________________________
Ingredient Parts by Weight
______________________________________
pigment 50
first and second
(charge control agent)
60
gel 50
wood rosin 20
wax 20
______________________________________
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
16 words
The developer of claim 3 wherein said second polymer comprises halogenated dienes having 3-4 carbon atoms.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
23 words
The developer of claim 17 wherein said halogenated dienes are selected from the group consisting of chlorinated polyisoprene, chlorinated polypropylene, and vinylidene chloride.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
44 words
The developer of claim 17 consisting essentially of the following ingredients in the following parts by weight dispersed in said carrier: ______________________________________
Ingredient Parts by Weight
______________________________________
pigment 40-60
Gelatex 60-100
(basic character)
Second polymer
(acid character)
20-40
wood rosin 10-30
wax 10-30
______________________________________
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
44 words
The developer of claim 17 consisting essentially of the following ingredients in the following parts by weight dispersed in said carrier: ______________________________________
Ingredient Parts by Weight
______________________________________
pigment 50
Gelatex 72
(basic character)
Second Polymer 38
(acid character)
wood rosin 20
wax 20
______________________________________
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
53 words
The developer of claim 17 wherein, of the total weight solids in said composition, between about 1.4% to 3.2% comprises monomer units selected from the group consisting of vinyl compounds containing hydroxylated alkyl groups and pyrrolidone, and between about 5% to 21% comprises monomer units consisting of halogenated dienes having 3-4 carbon atoms.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
44 words
The developer of claim 17 consisting essentially of the following ingredients in the following parts by weight dispersed in said carrier: ______________________________________
Ingredient Parts by Weight
______________________________________
pigment 50
Gelatex 85
(basic character)
Second Polymer
(acid character)
25
wood rosin 20
wax 20
______________________________________
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US2891911A
Cited
US3079272A
Cited
US3244633A
Cited
US3523907A
Cited
US3523906A
Cited
GB1076611A
Cited
GB1135060A
Cited
US3290251A
Cited
US3507794A
Cited
GB1218064A
Cited
US3668126A
Cited
US3576744A
Cited
US3856692A
Cited
US3753760A
Cited
US3900412A
Cited
US4019993A
Cited
US3779924A
Cited
US3776849A
Cited
US3969238A
Cited
US3960737A
Cited
US3856745A
Cited
US3869397A
Cited
US4197211A
Cited
US3976583A
Cited
US3998746A
Cited
US3991226A
Cited
US3990980A
Cited
US4156034A
Cited
US4040970A
Cited
US3977983A
Cited
US3997488A
Cited
US4104183A
Cited
US4243736A
Cited
GB2033098B
Cited
US4306009A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-02-21 | 1986-08-23 | 1987-02-22 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-02-21 | 1990-08-23 | 1991-02-22 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-02-21 | 1994-08-23 | 1995-02-22 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |