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US6694977B1
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Mixed-mode liquid ventilation gas and heat exchange
Assignee: Critical Care Research Inc
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Filing: 2000-04-05
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Granted: 2004-02-24
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Expires: 2020-04-05
Abstract
Abstract A novel technique for ventilation and heat exchange is disclosed called Mixed-mode Liquid Ventilation (MMLV). This technique uses an endotracheal catheter to add and remove liquid from the lungs continuously and/or cyclically, and deliver gas at a rate independent of the delivery of liquid. This technique produces small-scale mixing of gas and liquid in the airways, allowing for efficient gas and heat exchange. Medical uses for the technique are disclosed. These uses include induction and reversal of hyperthermia, and hypothermia.
Inventors
- 👤 Michael Federowicz
- 👤 Sandra R. Russell
- 👤 Steven B. Harris
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 21:25
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61M; A61M16/00; A61M16/10; A61M16/14; A61F; A61F7/00; A61F7/12; A61M16/0054; A61M19/00; A61F2007/0059; A61F2007/006; A61M16/105; A61M16/106; A61M16/107; A61M16/142; A61M16/145; A61M2202/00; A61M2202/04; A61M2202/0468; A61M2202/0476; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S128/00; Y10S128/913
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
142 words
A method of heat exchange within the lungs of a mammal, comprising: a. delivering a first volume of oxygenated liquid to the lungs in an amount approximately equal to the functional residual capacity of the lungs, said oxygenated liquid having a temperature below the temperature of the mammal; b. cycling a second volume of oxygenated liquid into and out of the lungs in an amount less than one third of total lung capacity and at a liquid cycle rate defined by delivering said second volume of oxygenated liquid at a rate of 6 mL/kg/min to 50 mL/kg/min, then removing said second volume of oxygenated liquid at a rate of 12 mL/kg/min to 80 mL/kg/min; and c. cycling a volume of breathing gas into and out of the lungs at a predetermined gas cycle rate which is independent of the liquid cycle rate.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
142 words
A method of heat exchange within the lungs of a mammal, comprising: a. delivering a first volume of oxygenated liquid to the lungs in an amount approximately equal to the functional residual capacity of the lungs, said oxygenated liquid having a temperature below the temperature of the mammal; b. cycling a second volume of oxygenated liquid into and out of the lungs in an amount less than one third of total lung capacity and at a liquid cycle rate defined by delivering said second volume of oxygenated liquid at a rate of 6 mL/kg/min to 50 mL/kg/min, then removing said second volume of oxygenated liquid at a rate of 12 mL/kg/min to 80 mL/kg/min; and c. cycling a volume of breathing gas into and out of the lungs at a predetermined gas cycle rate which is independent of the liquid cycle rate.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 1 in which the temperature of the oxygenated liquid is maintained between approximately −5° C. and 30° C.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 1 in which the oxygenated liquid is a perfluorochemical.
Claim 5
Independent Claim
142 words
A method of heat exchange within the lungs of a mammal, comprising: a. delivering a first volume of biocompatible liquid to the lungs in an amount approximately equal to the functional residual capacity of the lungs, said biocompatible liquid having a temperature below the temperature of the mammal; b. cycling a second volume of biocompatible liquid into and out of the lungs in an amount less than one third of total lung capacity and at a liquid cycle rate defined by delivering said second volume of biocompatible liquid at a rate of 6 mL/kg/min to 50 mL/kg/min, then removing said second volume of biocompatible liquid at a rate of 12 mL/kg/min to 80 mL/kg/min; and c. cycling a volume of breathing gas into and out of the lungs at a predetermined gas cycle rate which is independent of the liquid cycle rate.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
142 words
A method of heat exchange within the lungs of a mammal, comprising: a. delivering a first volume of biocompatible liquid to the lungs in an amount approximately equal to the functional residual capacity of the lungs, said biocompatible liquid having a temperature below the temperature of the mammal; b. cycling a second volume of biocompatible liquid into and out of the lungs in an amount less than one third of total lung capacity and at a liquid cycle rate defined by delivering said second volume of biocompatible liquid at a rate of 6 mL/kg/min to 50 mL/kg/min, then removing said second volume of biocompatible liquid at a rate of 12 mL/kg/min to 80 mL/kg/min; and c. cycling a volume of breathing gas into and out of the lungs at a predetermined gas cycle rate which is independent of the liquid cycle rate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 4 in which the temperature of the biocompatible liquid is maintained between approximately −5° C. and 30° C.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 4 in which the biocompatible liquid is a perfluorochemical.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
142 words
A method of heat exchange within the lungs of a mammal, comprising: a. delivering a first volume of oxygenated liquid to the lungs in an amount approximately equal to the functional residual capacity of the lungs, said oxygenated liquid having a temperature above the temperature of the mammal; b. cycling a second volume of oxygenated liquid into and out of the lungs in an amount less than one third of total lung capacity and at a liquid cycle rate defined by delivering said second volume of oxygenated liquid at a rate of 6 mL/kg/min to 50 mL/kg/min, then removing said second volume of oxygenated liquid at a rate of 12 mL/kg/min to 80 mL/kg/min; and c. cycling a volume of breathing gas into and out of the lungs at a predetermined gas cycle rate which is independent of the liquid cycle rate.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
142 words
A method of heat exchange within the lungs of a mammal, comprising: a. delivering a first volume of oxygenated liquid to the lungs in an amount approximately equal to the functional residual capacity of the lungs, said oxygenated liquid having a temperature above the temperature of the mammal; b. cycling a second volume of oxygenated liquid into and out of the lungs in an amount less than one third of total lung capacity and at a liquid cycle rate defined by delivering said second volume of oxygenated liquid at a rate of 6 mL/kg/min to 50 mL/kg/min, then removing said second volume of oxygenated liquid at a rate of 12 mL/kg/min to 80 mL/kg/min; and c. cycling a volume of breathing gas into and out of the lungs at a predetermined gas cycle rate which is independent of the liquid cycle rate.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 7 in which the temperature of the oxygenated liquid is maintained between approximately 40° C. and 43° C.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 7 in which the oxygenated liquid is a perfluorochemical.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 7 in which the gas includes nitric oxide.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
142 words
A method of heat exchange within the lungs of a mammal, comprising: a. delivering a first volume of biocompatible liquid to the lungs in an amount approximately equal to the functional residual capacity of the lungs, said biocompatible liquid having a temperature above the temperature of the mammal; b. cycling a second volume of biocompatible liquid into and out of the lungs in an amount less than one third of total lung capacity and at a liquid cycle rate defined by delivering said second volume of biocompatible liquid at a rate of 6 mL/kg/min to 50 mL/kg/min, then removing said second volume of biocompatible liquid at a rate of 12 mL/kg/min to 80 mL/kg/min; and c. cycling a volume of breathing gas into and out of the lungs at a predetermined gas cycle rate which is independent of the liquid cycle rate.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
142 words
A method of heat exchange within the lungs of a mammal, comprising: a. delivering a first volume of biocompatible liquid to the lungs in an amount approximately equal to the functional residual capacity of the lungs, said biocompatible liquid having a temperature above the temperature of the mammal; b. cycling a second volume of biocompatible liquid into and out of the lungs in an amount less than one third of total lung capacity and at a liquid cycle rate defined by delivering said second volume of biocompatible liquid at a rate of 6 mL/kg/min to 50 mL/kg/min, then removing said second volume of biocompatible liquid at a rate of 12 mL/kg/min to 80 mL/kg/min; and c. cycling a volume of breathing gas into and out of the lungs at a predetermined gas cycle rate which is independent of the liquid cycle rate.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 11 in which the temperature of the biocompatible liquid is maintained between approximately 40° C. and 43° C.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 11 in which the biocompatible liquid is a perfluorochemical.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 11 in which the gas contains nitric oxide.
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