Patent US6068688A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US6068688A
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Particle having an attached stable free radical and methods of making the same
Assignee: Cabot Corp
•
Filing: 1997-11-12
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Granted: 2000-05-30
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Expires: 2017-11-12
Abstract
Abstract A modified particle is disclosed wherein a particle has an attached group having the formula: ##STR1## wherein Ar represents an aromatic group; R 1 represents a bond, an arylene group, an alkylene ##STR2## wherein R 4 is an alkyl or alkylene group or an aryl or arylene group; R 2 and R 3 , which can be the same or different, represent hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group, --OR 5 , --NHR 5 , --NR 5 R 5 , or --SR 5 , wherein R 5 , which is the same or different, represents an alkyl group or an aryl group; and SFR represents a stable free radical. Also disclosed is a modified particle or aggregate having attached a group having the formula: ##STR3## wherein CoupA represents a Si-containing group, a Ti-containing group, or a Zr-containing group; R 8 and R 9 , which can be the same or different, represent hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group, --OR 10 , --NHR 10 , --NR 10 R 10 , or --SR 10 , wherein R 10 represents an alkyl group or an aryl group; SFR represents a stable free radical; and n is an integer of from 1 to 3. A modified particle having an attached --SFR or --X--SFR is additionally disclosed. Also, modified particles with attached polymers are also disclosed as well as methods of making the modified products.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert S. Whitehouse
- 👤 Russell L. Warley
- 👤 Thimma R. Rawalpally
- 👤 Hairuo Tu
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 19:41
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09D; C09D11/00; C09D11/30; C09D11/32; C09D11/324; C08; C08K; C08K9/00; C08K9/04; C09D11/02; C09D11/03; C09D11/037; C09D7/00; C09D7/40; C09D7/60; C09D7/61; C09D7/62; C08K3/00; C08K3/02; C08K3/04
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 56
Claim 1
Independent Claim
148 words
A modified particle comprising a particle having attached a group having the formula: ##STR16## wherein Ar represents an aromatic group; R 1 represents a bond, an arylene group, an alkylene ##STR17## wherein R 4 is an alkyl or alkylene group or an aryl or arylene group; R 2 and R 3 , which can be the same or different, represent hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group, --OR 5 , --NHR 5 , --NR 5 R 5 , or --SR 5 , wherein R 5 , which is the same or different, represents an alkyl group or an aryl group; and SFR represents a stable free radical, wherein said modified particle is a carbon product, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide a multi-phase aggregate comprising a carbon phase and a silicon-containing species phase, a multi-phase aggregate containing a carbon phase and a metal-containing species phase, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
148 words
A modified particle comprising a particle having attached a group having the formula: ##STR16## wherein Ar represents an aromatic group; R 1 represents a bond, an arylene group, an alkylene ##STR17## wherein R 4 is an alkyl or alkylene group or an aryl or arylene group; R 2 and R 3 , which can be the same or different, represent hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group, --OR 5 , --NHR 5 , --NR 5 R 5 , or --SR 5 , wherein R 5 , which is the same or different, represents an alkyl group or an aryl group; and SFR represents a stable free radical, wherein said modified particle is a carbon product, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide a multi-phase aggregate comprising a carbon phase and a silicon-containing species phase, a multi-phase aggregate containing a carbon phase and a metal-containing species phase, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
43 words
The modified particle of claim 1, wherein said SFR has the formula: ##STR18## wherein R 6 and R 7 , which can be the same or different, represent a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or cycloalkyl group; and Ar 2 represents an aromatic group.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
22 words
The modified particle of claim 1, wherein said particle is a carbon product, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
22 words
The modified particle of claim 1, wherein said particle is graphite, vitreous carbon, activated charcoal, carbon fiber, activated carbon, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
12 words
The modified particle of claim 1, wherein said particle is carbon black.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
21 words
The modified particle of claim 5, wherein said particle is an aggregate comprising a metal-containing species phase and a carbon phase.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
21 words
The modified particle of claim 1, wherein said particle is an aggregate comprising a silicon-containing species phase and a carbon phase.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
The modified particle of claim 1, wherein said SFR is 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-pyrrolidinyloxy, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperindinyloxy, or derivatives thereof.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
33 words
A method for preparing the modified particle of claim 1, comprising reacting a particle having an attached vinyl substituted aromatic group with a reactive free radical source and a stable free radical source.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
18 words
A coating or ink composition comprising an aqueous or non-aqueous solvent, and the modified particle of claim 1.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
133 words
A modified particle or aggregate comprising a) an aggregate comprising a carbon phase and a metal-containing species phase, an aggregate comprising a carbon phase and a silicon-containing species phase, a metal oxide, or a metal hydroxide and b) attached to said particle or aggregate, a group having the formula: ##STR19## wherein CoupA represents a Si-based group, a Ti-based group, or a Zr-based group; R 8 and R 9 , which can be the same or different, represent hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group, --OR 10 , --NHR 10 , --NR 10 OR 10 , or --SR 10 , wherein R 10 , which is the same or different, represents an alkyl group or an aryl group; SFR represents a stable free radical; and or is an integer of from 1 to 3.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
133 words
A modified particle or aggregate comprising a) an aggregate comprising a carbon phase and a metal-containing species phase, an aggregate comprising a carbon phase and a silicon-containing species phase, a metal oxide, or a metal hydroxide and b) attached to said particle or aggregate, a group having the formula: ##STR19## wherein CoupA represents a Si-based group, a Ti-based group, or a Zr-based group; R 8 and R 9 , which can be the same or different, represent hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group, --OR 10 , --NHR 10 , --NR 10 OR 10 , or --SR 10 , wherein R 10 , which is the same or different, represents an alkyl group or an aryl group; SFR represents a stable free radical; and or is an integer of from 1 to 3.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
85 words
The modified particle or aggregate of claim 11, wherein said metal-containing species phase comprises a magnesium-containing species phase, a calcium-containing species phase, a titanium-containing species phase, a vanadium-containing species phase, a cobalt-containing species phase, a nickel-containing species phase, a zirconium-containing species phase, a tin-containing species phase, an antimony-containing species phase, a chromium-containing species phase, a neodymium-containing species phase, a lead-containing species phase, a tellurium-containing species phase, a barium-containing species phase, a cesium-containing species phase, an iron-containing species phase, a molybdenum-containing species phase, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
18 words
The modified particle or aggregate of claim 11, wherein said metal-containing species phase comprises an aluminum-containing species phase.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
18 words
The modified particle or aggregate of claim 11, wherein said metal-containing species phase comprises a zinc-containing species phase.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
17 words
The modified particle or aggregate of claim 11, wherein said SFR is 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-pyrrolidinyloxy, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperindinyloxy, or derivatives thereof.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
36 words
The modified particle or aggregate of claim 11, wherein said particle or aggregate is an aggregate comprising a carbon phase and a metal-containing species phase or an aggregate comprising a carbon phase and silicon-containing species phase.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
159 words
A modified particle comprising a particle having attached a group having the formula: ##STR20## wherein Ar represents an aromatic group; R 1 represents a bond, an arylene group, an alkylene ##STR21## wherein R 4 is an alkyl or alkylene group or an aryl or arylene group; R 2 and R 3 , which can be the same or different, represent hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group, --OR 5 , --NHR 5 , --NR 5 R 5 , or --SR 5 , wherein R 5 , which is the same or different, represents an alkyl group or an aryl group; SFR represents a stable free radical; and X represents a polymer formed from at least one polymerizable monomer, wherein said modified particle is a carbon product, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, a multi-phase aggregate comprising a carbon phase and a silicon-containing species phase, a multi-phase aggregate containing a carbon phase and a metal-containing species phase, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
159 words
A modified particle comprising a particle having attached a group having the formula: ##STR20## wherein Ar represents an aromatic group; R 1 represents a bond, an arylene group, an alkylene ##STR21## wherein R 4 is an alkyl or alkylene group or an aryl or arylene group; R 2 and R 3 , which can be the same or different, represent hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group, --OR 5 , --NHR 5 , --NR 5 R 5 , or --SR 5 , wherein R 5 , which is the same or different, represents an alkyl group or an aryl group; SFR represents a stable free radical; and X represents a polymer formed from at least one polymerizable monomer, wherein said modified particle is a carbon product, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, a multi-phase aggregate comprising a carbon phase and a silicon-containing species phase, a multi-phase aggregate containing a carbon phase and a metal-containing species phase, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
17 words
The modified particle of claim 17, wherein said polymerizable monomer is a vinyl or diene containing monomer.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
22 words
The modified particle of claim 17, wherein said particle is a carbon product, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
24 words
The modified particle of claim 17, wherein said particle is graphite, carbon black, vitreous carbon, activated charcoal, carbon fiber, activated carbon, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
21 words
The modified particle of claim 17, wherein said particle is an aggregate comprising a silicon-containing species phase and a carbon phase.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
21 words
The modified particle of claim 17, wherein said particle is an aggregate comprising a metal-containing species phase and a carbon phase.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
12 words
The modified particle of claim 17, wherein said particle is carbon black.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
15 words
The modified particle of claim 17, wherein said SFR is 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-pyrrolidinyloxy, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperindinyloxy, or derivatives thereof.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method of preparing the modified particle of claim 17, comprising reacting the modified particle of claim 1 with a polymerizable monomer.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
10 words
A polymeric composition comprising the modified particle of claim 17.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
18 words
A coating or ink composition comprising an aqueous or non-aqueous solvent, and the modified particle of claim 17.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
146 words
A modified particle or aggregate comprising a) an aggregate comprising a carbon phase and a metal-containing species phase, an aggregate comprising a carbon phase and a silicon-containing species phase, a metal oxide, or a metal hydroxide and b) attached to said particle or aggregate a group having the formula: ##STR22## wherein CoupA represents a Si-based group, a Ti-based group, or a Zr-based group; R 8 and R 9 , which can be the same or different, represent hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group, --OR 10 O, --NHR 10 R 10 , --NR 10 R 10 , or --SR 10 , wherein R 10 , which is the same or different, represents an alkyl group or an aryl group; SFR represents a stable free radical; X represents a polymer formed from at least one polymerizable monomer; and n is an integer of from 1 to 3.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
146 words
A modified particle or aggregate comprising a) an aggregate comprising a carbon phase and a metal-containing species phase, an aggregate comprising a carbon phase and a silicon-containing species phase, a metal oxide, or a metal hydroxide and b) attached to said particle or aggregate a group having the formula: ##STR22## wherein CoupA represents a Si-based group, a Ti-based group, or a Zr-based group; R 8 and R 9 , which can be the same or different, represent hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group, --OR 10 O, --NHR 10 R 10 , --NR 10 R 10 , or --SR 10 , wherein R 10 , which is the same or different, represents an alkyl group or an aryl group; SFR represents a stable free radical; X represents a polymer formed from at least one polymerizable monomer; and n is an integer of from 1 to 3.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
85 words
The modified particle or aggregate of claim 28, wherein said metal-containing species phase comprises a magnesium-containing species phase, a calcium-containing species phase, a titanium-containing species phase, a vanadium-containing species phase, a cobalt-containing species phase, a nickel-containing species phase, a zirconium-containing species phase, a tin-containing species phase, an antimony-containing species phase, a chromium-containing species phase, a neodymium-containing species phase, a lead-containing species phase, a tellurium-containing species phase, a barium-containing species phase, a cesium-containing species phase, an iron-containing species phase, a molybdenum-containing species phase, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
18 words
The modified particle or aggregate of claim 28, wherein said metal-containing species phase comprises an aluminum-containing species phase.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
18 words
The modified particle or aggregate of claim 28, wherein said metal-containing species phase comprises a zinc-containing species phase.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
36 words
The modified particle or aggregate of claim 28, wherein said particle or aggregate is an aggregate comprising a carbon phase and a metal-containing species phase or an aggregate comprising a carbon phase and silicon-containing species phase.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
15 words
The modified aggregate of claim 28, wherein said SFR is 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-pyrrolidinyloxy, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperindinyloxy, or derivatives thereof.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
17 words
The modified aggregate of claim 28, wherein said polymerizable monomer is a vinyl or diene containing monomer.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
12 words
A polymeric composition comprising the modified particle or aggregate of claim 28.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
18 words
A coating or ink composition comprising an aqueous or non-aqueous solvent, and the modified particle of claim 28.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
58 words
A modified particle comprising a particle having directly attached an organic group comprising a --SFR group, wherein --SFR represents a stable free radical, wherein said particle is a multi-phase aggregate comprising a carbon phase and a silicon-containing species phase, a multi-phase aggregate comprising a carbon phase and a metal-containing species phase, a silica-coated carbon product, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
58 words
A modified particle comprising a particle having directly attached an organic group comprising a --SFR group, wherein --SFR represents a stable free radical, wherein said particle is a multi-phase aggregate comprising a carbon phase and a silicon-containing species phase, a multi-phase aggregate comprising a carbon phase and a metal-containing species phase, a silica-coated carbon product, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
21 words
The modified particle of claim 37, wherein said particle is an aggregate comprising a silicon-containing species phase and a carbon phase.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
21 words
The modified particle of claim 37, wherein said particle is an aggregate comprising a metal-containing species phase and a carbon phase.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
15 words
The modified particle of claim 37, wherein said SFR is 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-pyrrolidinyloxy, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperindinyloxy, or derivatives thereof.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method of preparing the modified particle of claim 37, comprising heating a stable free radical with a particle at a temperature above 80° C.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
10 words
A polymeric composition comprising the modified particle of claim 37.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
18 words
A coating or ink composition comprising an aqueous or non-aqueous solvent, and the modified particle of claim 37.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
75 words
A modified particle comprising a particle having attached a group having the formula: --X--SFR wherein SFR represents a stable free radical and X, which is directly attached to said particle, represents a polymer formed from at least one polymerizable monomer, wherein said particle is a multi-phase aggregate comprising a carbon phase and a silicon-containing species phase, a multi-phase aggregate comprising a carbon phase and a metal-containing species phase, a silica-coated carbon product, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
75 words
A modified particle comprising a particle having attached a group having the formula: --X--SFR wherein SFR represents a stable free radical and X, which is directly attached to said particle, represents a polymer formed from at least one polymerizable monomer, wherein said particle is a multi-phase aggregate comprising a carbon phase and a silicon-containing species phase, a multi-phase aggregate comprising a carbon phase and a metal-containing species phase, a silica-coated carbon product, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
21 words
The modified particle of claim 44, wherein said particle is an aggregate compressing a silicon-containing species phase and a carbon phase.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
21 words
The modified particle of claim 44, wherein said particle is an aggregate comprising a metal-containing species phase and a carbon phase.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
15 words
The modified particle of claim 44, wherein said SFR is 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-pyrrolidinyloxy, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperindinyloxy, or derivatives thereof.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
17 words
The modified particle of claim 44, wherein said polymerizable monomer is a vinyl or diene containing monomer.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
10 words
A polymeric composition comprising the modified particle of claim 44.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
18 words
A coating or ink composition comprising an aqueous or non-aqueous solvent, and the modified particle of claim 44.
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| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
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| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2003-05-30 | 2003-11-29 | 2004-05-30 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2007-05-30 | 2007-11-29 | 2008-05-30 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2011-05-30 | 2011-11-29 | 2012-05-30 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |