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US5985356A
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Combinatorial synthesis of novel materials
Assignee: University of California
•
Filing: 1994-10-18
•
Granted: 1999-11-16
•
Expires: 2014-10-18
Abstract
Abstract Methods and apparatus for the preparation and use of a substrate having an array of diverse materials in predefined regions thereon. A substrate having an array of diverse materials thereon is generally prepared by delivering components of materials to predefined regions on a substrate, and simultaneously reacting the components to form at least two materials. Materials which can be prepared using the methods and apparatus of the present invention include, for example, covalent network solids, ionic solids and molecular solids. More particularly, materials which can be prepared using the methods and apparatus of the present invention include, for example, inorganic materials, intermetallic materials, metal alloys, ceramic materials, organic materials, organometallic materials, non-biological organic polymers, composite materials (e.g., inorganic composites, organic composites, or combinations thereof), etc. Once prepared, these materials can be screened for useful properties including, for example, electrical, thermal, mechanical, morphological, optical, magnetic, chemical, or other properties. Thus, the present invention provides methods for the parallel synthesis and analysis of novel materials having useful properties.
Inventors
- 👤 Peter G. Schultz
- 👤 Xiaodong Xiang
- 👤 Isy Goldwasser
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 17:33
CPC Classifications
C; C04; C04B; C04B35/00; C04B35/01; C04B35/16; C01; C01G; C01G51/00; C01G51/04; B; B01; B01J; B01J19/00; B01J19/0046; B32; B32B; B32B19/00; B82; B82Y; B82Y30/00; C01G51/40; C01G51/66; C01G51/68; C04B35/45; C04B35/4504; C04B35/4508; C04B35/4521; C04B35/4525; C04B35/50; C04B35/622; C04B35/62218; C23; C23C; C23C14/00; C23C14/04; C23C14/042; C23C14/06; C23C14/08; C23C14/087; C23C14/22; C23C14/34; C23C16/00; C23C16/04; C23C16/042; C40; C40B; C40B40/00; C40B40/04; C40B40/14; C40B40/18; C40B60/00; C40B60/08; C40B80/00; G; G01; G01R; G01R33/00; G01R33/12; G01R33/16; H; H01; H01F; H01F1/00; H01F1/01; H01F1/40; H01F1/401; H01F1/407; H01F10/00; H01F10/007; H01F10/08; H01F10/10; H01F10/18; H01F10/193; H01F10/1933; H01F41/00; H01F41/14; H01F41/18; H01F41/32; H01F41/34; H10; H10N; H10N50/00; H10N50/80; H10N50/85; B01J2219/00; B01J2219/00274; B01J2219/00277; B01J2219/00279; B01J2219/00306; B01J2219/00313; B01J2219/00315; B01J2219/00317; B01J2219/00351; B01J2219/00378; B01J2219/00427; B01J2219/0043; B01J2219/00432; B01J2219/00436; B01J2219/00441; B01J2219/00443; B01J2219/00457; B01J2219/00475; B01J2219/00497; B01J2219/005; B01J2219/00511; B01J2219/00513; B01J2219/00515; B01J2219/0052; B01J2219/00527; B01J2219/00531; B01J2219/00533; B01J2219/00536; B01J2219/0054; B01J2219/00583; B01J2219/00585; B01J2219/0059; B01J2219/00592; B01J2219/00596; B01J2219/00603; B01J2219/00605; B01J2219/0061; B01J2219/00612; B01J2219/00614; B01J2219/00617; B01J2219/00619; B01J2219/00621; B01J2219/00623; B01J2219/00626; B01J2219/00628; B01J2219/0063; B01J2219/00632; B01J2219/00635; B01J2219/00637; B01J2219/00639; B01J2219/00644; B01J2219/00646; B01J2219/00648; B01J2219/00659; B01J2219/0068; B01J2219/00686; B01J2219/00689; B01J2219/00691; B01J2219/00709; B01J2219/00711; B01J2219/00718; B01J2219/0072; B01J2219/00722; B01J2219/00736; B01J2219/00745; B01J2219/00747; B01J2219/0075; B01J2219/00752; B01J2219/00754; B82Y25/00; C01P; C01P2002/00; C01P2002/30; C01P2002/34; C01P2002/50; C01P2002/52; C01P2002/70; C01P2002/72; C01P2004/00; C01P2004/80; C01P2004/82; C01P2004/84; C01P2006/00; C01P2006/40; C01P2006/42; C04B2235/00; C04B2235/02; C04B2235/30; C04B2235/32; C04B2235/3205; C04B2235/3206; C04B2235/3208; C04B2235/3213; C04B2235/3215; C04B2235/3224; C04B2235/3225; C04B2235/3227; C04B2235/3262; C04B2235/327; C04B2235/3275; C04B2235/3284; C04B2235/3286; C04B2235/3296; C04B2235/3298; C04B2235/34; C04B2235/3418; C04B2235/3427; C04B2235/3463; C04B2235/65; C04B2235/656; C04B2235/70; C04B2235/74; C04B2235/76; C04B2235/761; C04B2235/762; C04B2235/768; C04B2235/96; C40B30/00; C40B30/08; C40B60/14; C40B70/00; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/24; Y10T428/24479; Y10T428/24612; Y10T428/2462; Y10T428/31; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/31551; Y10T428/31645; Y10T428/31855; Y10T428/31931; Y10T436/00; Y10T436/25; Y10T436/2525; Y10T436/25375; Y10T436/255; Y10T436/25875
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 72
Claim 1
Independent Claim
92 words
A method of making and screening an array of materials, said method comprising: (a) delivering a fist component of a first material and a first component of a second material to first and second regions on a substrate; (b) delivering a second component of said first material and a second component of said second material to said first and second regions on said substrate; (c) simultaneously reacting said delivered components to form at least two different materials; and (d) screening said materials for a useful property; wherein said materials are inorganic materials.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
92 words
A method of making and screening an array of materials, said method comprising: (a) delivering a fist component of a first material and a first component of a second material to first and second regions on a substrate; (b) delivering a second component of said first material and a second component of said second material to said first and second regions on said substrate; (c) simultaneously reacting said delivered components to form at least two different materials; and (d) screening said materials for a useful property; wherein said materials are inorganic materials.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said inorganic materials are intermetallic materials.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said inorganic materials are metal alloys.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said inorganic materials are ceramic materials.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said first component of said first material and said second component of said first material are simultaneously delivered to said first region.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said first component of said first material and said first component of said second material are simultaneously delivered to said first region and said second region, respectively.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said first component of said first material is delivered to said first region in a gradient of stoichiometries.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
43 words
The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said first component of said first material and said first component of said second material are the same, but are offered to said first and second regions on said substrate in a gradient of stoichiometries.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the components of said materials are delivered to said first and second regions on said substrate from a pipette.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
82 words
The method as recited in claims 1 or 9 wherein said steps of delivering said components each comprises the following steps: (i) identifying a reference point on said substrate; (ii) moving a dispenser of said component a fixed distance and direction from said reference point such that said dispenser is positioned approximately above said first region on said substrate; (iii) delivering said component to said first region; and (iv) repeating steps (ii) and (iii) for each remaining component for each remaining region.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the components of said materials are delivered to said first and second regions on said substrate from a pulse pressure ink-jet dispenser.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the components of said materials are delivered to said first and second regions on said substrate from bubble jet ink-jet dispenser.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the components of said materials are delivered to said first and second regions on said substrate from a slit jet ink-jet dispenser.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
88 words
The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said step of delivering said first component of said first material to said first region on said substrate comprises the steps of: (i) placing a mask adjacent to said substrate, said mask permitting said first component of said first material to be delivered to said first region on said substrate, but not to said second region on said substrate; (ii) delivering said first component of said first material to said first region on said substrate; and (iii) removing said mask.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
91 words
The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said step of delivering said first component of said first material to said first region on said substrate comprises the steps of: (i) placing a mask adjacent to said substrate, said mask permitting said first component of said first material to be delivered to said first region on said substrate, but not to said second region on said substrate; (ii) depositing a thin-film of said first component of said first material on said first region on said substrate; and (iii) removing said mask.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
88 words
The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said step of delivering said first component of said first material to said first region on said substrate comprises the steps of: (i) placing a mask adjacent to said substrate, said mask permitting said first component of said first material to be delivered to said first region on said substrate, but not to said second region on said substrate; (ii) spraying said first component of said first material onto said first region on said substrate; and (iii) removing said mask.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method as recited in claim 1 wherein each of said materials is synthesized in an area of less than 25 cm 2 .
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method as recited in claim 1 wherein each of said materials is synthesized in an area of less than 10 cm 2 .
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method as recited in claim 1 wherein each of said materials is synthesized in an area of less than 1,000 μm 2 .
Claim 21
Independent Claim
24 words
The method as recited in claims 1 wherein each of said materials is synthesized in an area of less than 100 μm 2 .
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method as recited in claim 1 wherein each of said materials is synthesized in an area of less than 1 μm 2 .
Claim 23
Independent Claim
98 words
A method of making and screening an array of materials, said method comprising: (a) delivering a first component of a first material and a first component of a second material to first and second regions on a substrate; (b) delivering a second component of said first material and a second component of said second material to said first and second regions on said substrate; (c) simultaneously reacting said delivered components to form at least two different materials; and (d) screening said materials for a useful property; wherein at least 100 different inorganic materials are synthesized on said substrate.
Claim 24
Independent Claim
98 words
A method of making and screening an array of materials, said method comprising: (a) delivering a first component of a first material and a first component of a second material to first and second regions on a substrate; (b) delivering a second component of said first material and a second component of said second material to said first and second regions on said substrate; (c) simultaneously reacting said delivered components to form at least two different materials; and (d) screening said materials for a useful property; wherein at least 100 different inorganic materials are synthesized on said substrate.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
110 words
A method of making and screening an array of materials, said method comprising: (a) delivering a first component of a first material and a first component of a second material to first and second regions on a substrate; (b) delivering a second component of said fist material and a second component of said second material to said first and second regions on said substrate; (c) simultaneously reacting said delivered components to form at least two different materials; and (d) screening said materials for a useful property; wherein said materials are inorganic materials and each of said inorganic materials is synthesized in an area of less than 1 cm 2 .
Claim 26
Independent Claim
110 words
A method of making and screening an array of materials, said method comprising: (a) delivering a first component of a first material and a first component of a second material to first and second regions on a substrate; (b) delivering a second component of said fist material and a second component of said second material to said first and second regions on said substrate; (c) simultaneously reacting said delivered components to form at least two different materials; and (d) screening said materials for a useful property; wherein said materials are inorganic materials and each of said inorganic materials is synthesized in an area of less than 1 cm 2 .
Claim 27
Independent Claim
27 words
The method as recited in claims 1, 22 or 23 wherein each of said materials is synthesized in an area of less than 10,000 μm 2 .
Claim 28
Independent Claim
35 words
The method as recited in claims 1, 22 or 23 wherein said first component of said first material and said first component of said second material are the same, but are offered in different concentrations.
Claim 29
Independent Claim
35 words
The method as recited in claims 1, 22 or 23 wherein said second component of said first material and said second component of said second material are the same, but are offered in different concentrations.
Claim 30
Independent Claim
115 words
A method of making and screening an array of materials, said method comprising: (a) delivering a first component of a first material and a first component of a second material to first and second regions on a substrate; (b) delivering a second component of said first material and a second component of said second material to said first and second regions on said substrate; (c) simultaneously reacting said delivered components to form at least two different materials; and (d) screening said materials for a useful property; wherein there is a sufficient amount of space between each of said regions so that said components cannot interdiffuse between said regions, and wherein said materials are inorganic materials.
Claim 31
Independent Claim
115 words
A method of making and screening an array of materials, said method comprising: (a) delivering a first component of a first material and a first component of a second material to first and second regions on a substrate; (b) delivering a second component of said first material and a second component of said second material to said first and second regions on said substrate; (c) simultaneously reacting said delivered components to form at least two different materials; and (d) screening said materials for a useful property; wherein there is a sufficient amount of space between each of said regions so that said components cannot interdiffuse between said regions, and wherein said materials are inorganic materials.
Claim 32
Independent Claim
28 words
The method as recited in claims 27 wherein said space between each of said regions on said substrate will vary in accordance with the size of said regions.
Claim 33
Independent Claim
18 words
The method as recited in claims 27 or 28 wherein said space is about 1 cm or less.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method as recited in claim 27 or 28 wherein said space is about 1 mm or less.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method as recited in claim 27 or 28 wherein said space is about 10 μm or less.
Claim 36
Independent Claim
105 words
A method of making and screening an array of materials, said method comprising: (a) delivering a first component of a first material and a first component of a second material to first and second regions on a substrate; (b) delivering a second component of said first material and a second component of said second material to said first and second regions on said substrate; (c) simultaneously reacting said delivered components to form at least two different materials; and (d) screening said materials for a useful property; wherein said materials are inorganic materials and there is a space between each of said regions on said substrate.
Claim 37
Independent Claim
105 words
A method of making and screening an array of materials, said method comprising: (a) delivering a first component of a first material and a first component of a second material to first and second regions on a substrate; (b) delivering a second component of said first material and a second component of said second material to said first and second regions on said substrate; (c) simultaneously reacting said delivered components to form at least two different materials; and (d) screening said materials for a useful property; wherein said materials are inorganic materials and there is a space between each of said regions on said substrate.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method as recited in claim 32 wherein said space is about 1 cm or less.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method as recited in claim 32 wherein said space is about 1 mm or less.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method as recited in claim 32 wherein said space is about 10 μm or less.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method as recited in claim 27 or 32 wherein the components of said materials are delivered to said first and second regions on said substrate from a dispenser.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method as recited in claim 36 wherein said array of materials is screened in parallel.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method as recited in claim 37 wherein said parallel screening is carried out with infrared.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method as recited in claim 36 wherein there is a barrier between each of said regions on said substrate.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method as recited in claim 39 wherein said barrier is a physical barrier.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method as recited in claim 36 wherein said components are delivered by said dispenser simultaneously.
Claim 47
Independent Claim
83 words
The method as recited in claims 27 or 32 wherein each of said steps of delivering said components comprises the following steps: (i) identifying a reference point on said substrate; (ii) moving a dispenser of said component a fixed distance and direction from said reference point such that said dispenser is positioned approximately above said first region on said substrate; (iii) delivering said component to said first region; and (iv) repeating steps (ii) and (iii) for each remaining component for each remaining region.
Claim 48
Independent Claim
21 words
The method as recited in claims 27 or 32 wherein said substrate has a dimple to define each of said regions.
Claim 49
Independent Claim
27 words
The method as recited in claims 1, 27 or 33 wherein each of said materials is synthesized in an area of less than 5 cm 2 .
Claim 50
Independent Claim
27 words
The method as recited in claims 1, 27 or 33 wherein each of said materials is synthesized in an area of less than 1 cm 2 .
Claim 51
Independent Claim
28 words
The method as recited in claims 1, 22, 27 or 33 wherein each of said materials is synthesized in an area of less than 1 mm 2 .
Claim 52
Independent Claim
22 words
The method as recited in claims 1, 23, 27 or 33 wherein at least 10 different materials are synthesized on said substrate.
Claim 53
Independent Claim
22 words
The method as recited in claims 1, 23, 27 or 33 wherein at least 100 different materials are synthesized on said substrate.
Claim 54
Independent Claim
22 words
The method as recited in claims 1, 23, 27 or 33 wherein at least 1000 different materials are synthesized on said substrate.
Claim 55
Independent Claim
23 words
The method as recited in claims 1, 23, 27 or 33 wherein at least 10 6 different materials are synthesized on said substrate.
Claim 56
Independent Claim
34 words
The method as recited in claims 1, 27 or 33 wherein at least 100 different materials are synthesized, and each different material is contained within an area of about 1 mm 2 or less.
Claim 57
Independent Claim
20 words
The method as recited in claims 1, 22, 23, 27 or 33 wherein said useful property is an electrical property.
Claim 58
Independent Claim
20 words
The method as recited in claims 1, 22, 23, 27 or 33 wherein said useful property is a thermal property.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method as recited in claim 53 wherein said useful property is measured using infrared.
Claim 60
Independent Claim
20 words
The method as recited in claims 1, 22, 23, 27 or 33 wherein said useful property is a mechanical property.
Claim 61
Independent Claim
20 words
The method as recited in claims 1, 22, 23, 27 or 33 wherein said useful property is a morphological property.
Claim 62
Independent Claim
20 words
The method as recited in claims 1, 22, 23, 27 or 33 wherein said useful property is an optical property.
Claim 63
Independent Claim
20 words
The method as recited in claims 1, 22, 23, 27 or 33 wherein said useful property is a magnetic property.
Claim 64
Independent Claim
20 words
The method as recited in claims 1, 22, 23, 27 or 33 wherein said useful property is a chemical property.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method as recited in claim 59 wherein said useful property is measured using infrared.
Claim 66
Independent Claim
21 words
The method as recited in claims 1, 22, 23, 27 or 33 wherein said array of materials is screened in parallel.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method as recited in claim 61 wherein said parallel screening is carried out using infrared.
Claim 68
Independent Claim
20 words
The method as recited in claims 1, 22, 23, 27 or 33 wherein said array of materials is screened sequentially.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method as recited in claim 63 wherein said sequential screening is carried out using infrared.
Claim 70
Independent Claim
92 words
The method as recited in claims 22, 23, 27 or 32 wherein said step of delivering said first component of said fist material to said first region on said substrate comprises the steps of: (i) placing a shutter adjacent to said substrate, said shutter permitting said first component of said first material to be delivered to said first region on said substrate, but not to said second region on said substrate; (ii) delivering said first component of said first material to said first region on said substrate; and (iii) removing said shutter.
Claim 71
Independent Claim
95 words
The method as recited in claims 22, 23, 27 or 35 wherein said step of delivering said first component of said first material to said first region on said substrate comprises the steps of: (i) placing a shutter adjacent to said substrate, said shutter permitting said first component of said first material to be delivered to said first region on said substrate, but not to said second region on said substrate; (ii) depositing a thin-film of said first component of said first material on said first region on said substrate; and (iii) removing said shutter.
Claim 72
Independent Claim
92 words
The method as recited in claims 22, 23, 27 or 35 wherein said step of delivering said first component of said first material to said first region on said substrate comprises the steps of: (i) placing a shutter adjacent to said substrate, said shutter permitting said first component of said first material to be delivered to said first region on said substrate, but not to said second region on said substrate; (ii) spraying said first component of said first material onto said first region on said substrate; and (iii) removing said shutter.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
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| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2002-11-15 | 2003-05-17 | 2003-11-16 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2006-11-15 | 2007-05-17 | 2007-11-16 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2010-11-15 | 2011-05-17 | 2011-11-16 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |