US5851634A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Hinges for highly inorganically filled composite materials
Assignee: E Khashoggi Industries LLC
•
Filing: 1994-02-07
•
Granted: 1998-12-22
•
Expires: 2014-02-07
Abstract
Abstract A hinge for use in inorganically filled composite materials is provided. The hinge has an inorganically filled structural matrix comprising a water-dispersable organic polymer binder, an aggregate material, and a fibrous material. The hinge allows inorganically filled materials to be bent along a line without breakage of the material. The hinge is preferably formed by scoring a formed sheet of inorganically filled material. The hinge is particularly useful in containers that require bending of various container parts, such as in food containers and boxes made from inorganically filled materials.
Inventors
- 👤 Per Just Andersen
- 👤 Simon K. Hodson
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 00:44
CPC Classifications
B; B29; B29C; B29C48/00; B29C48/03; B29C48/07; B01; B01F; B01F23/00; B01F23/50; B01F23/51; B01F23/511; B01F23/56; B27; B27N; B27N3/00; B27N3/002; B27N3/007; B28; B28B; B28B1/00; B28B1/52; B28B11/00; B28B11/003; B28B11/008; B28B11/08; B28B11/0863; B28B13/00; B28B13/02; B28B13/021; B28B13/04; B28B13/06; B28B23/00; B28B23/0081; B28B23/0087; B28B3/00; B28B3/02; B28B3/12; B28B3/126; B28B3/20; B28B3/26; B28B3/2645; B28B7/00; B28B7/40; B28B7/42; B28C; B28C7/00; B28C7/02; B29C43/00; B29C43/003; B29C43/22; B29C43/222; B29C43/32; B29C43/34; B29C43/44; B29C43/46; B29C44/00; B29C44/02; B29C44/04; B29C44/0407; B29C44/34; B29C44/3402; B29C45/00; B29C45/0013; B29C48/08; B29C48/13; B29C49/00; B29C49/0005; B29C49/02; B29C49/04; B29C49/0411; B29C49/04112; B29C51/00; B29C51/002; B29C51/04; B29C51/10; B29C53/00; B29C53/02; B29C53/04; B29C53/06; B29C53/063; B29C55/00; B29C55/02; B29C55/18; B29C67/00; B29C67/24; B29C67/242; B29C67/243; B29C70/00; B29C70/04; B29C70/28; B29C70/40; B29C70/50; B29C71/00; B29C71/0009; B31; B31D; B31D1/00; B31D1/0043; B31D1/005; B32; B32B; B32B13/00; B32B13/02; B32B27/00; B32B27/04; B32B27/18; B32B27/20; B32B37/00; B32B37/14; B32B37/144; B32B5/00; B32B5/02; B32B5/18; B32B9/00; B65; B65D; B65D11/00; B65D11/02; B65D43/00; B65D43/14; B65D43/16; B65D43/162; B65D5/00; B65D65/00; B65D65/38; B65D65/46; B65D65/466; C; C04; C04B; C04B14/00; C04B14/02; C04B14/04; C04B14/06; C04B14/064; C04B16/00; C04B16/02; C04B20/00; C04B20/0016; C04B20/002; C04B20/0048; C04B22/00; C04B22/02; C04B22/04; C04B24/00; C04B24/12; C04B24/14; C04B24/24; C04B24/38; C04B26/00; C04B26/02; C04B26/026; C04B26/28; C04B26/285; C04B28/00; C04B28/02; C04B38/00; C04B38/0006; C04B38/02; C04B40/00; C04B40/0028; C04B40/006; C04B41/00; C04B41/009; C04B41/45; C04B41/60; C04B41/61; C08; C08J; C08J5/00; C08J5/18; C08L; C08L1/00; C08L1/08; C08L1/26; C08L1/28; C08L1/286; C08L3/00; C08L3/02; C08L5/00; C08L5/02; C08L5/12; C08L5/14; C08L89/00; C08L89/04; C08L89/06; C08L97/00; C08L97/02; E; E05; E05D; E05D1/00; E05D1/02; B05; B05C; B05C1/00; B05C1/04; B05C1/08; B05C1/0826; B05C1/0834; B05C3/00; B05C3/18; B05C5/00; B05C5/02; B05C5/0245; B29C43/02; B29C43/14; B29C2043/141; B29C2043/142; B29C2043/3433; B29C2043/461; B29C2043/463; B29C2043/464; B29C49/42; B29C49/46; B29C2049/4602; B29C2049/4605; B29C2049/4608; B29C2795/00; B29C2795/007; B29C43/04; B29C43/06; B29C43/08; B29C48/001; B29C48/0011; B29C48/0012; B29C48/0017; B29C48/0019; B29C48/0022; B29C48/15; B29C49/06905; B29C49/0691; B29C49/64; B29C49/6604; B29C49/6605; B29C53/56; B29C53/58; B29K; B29K2001/00; B29K2003/00; B29K2005/00; B29K2089/00; B29K2105/00; B29K2105/04; B29K2105/06; B29K2105/12; B29K2105/16; B29L; B29L2024/00; B29L2031/00; B29L2031/60; B29L2031/608; B29L2031/712; B29L2031/7132; B31B; B31B2105/00; B31B2105/002; B31B2105/0022; B31B50/00; B31B50/26; B31B50/28; B31B50/30; B31B50/32; B32B37/12; B65D2301/00; B65D2301/20; B65D2565/00; B65D2565/38; B65D2565/381; B65D2565/385; C04B2111/00; C04B2111/00241; C04B2111/0037; C04B2111/00379; C04B2111/00474; C04B2111/00948; C04B2111/00965; C04B2111/50; C08J2323/00; C08J2323/02; E05Y; E05Y2999/00; Y; Y02; Y02W; Y02W30/00; Y02W30/50; Y02W30/91; Y10; Y10T; Y10T156/00; Y10T156/10; Y10T156/1052; Y10T156/1062; Y10T156/1064; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/13; Y10T428/1352; Y10T428/1355; Y10T428/1372; Y10T428/24; Y10T428/24479; Y10T428/24496; Y10T428/24504; Y10T428/2457; Y10T428/24579; Y10T428/24612; Y10T428/24628; Y10T428/24669; Y10T428/24694; Y10T428/249921; Y10T428/249953; Y10T428/249986; Y10T428/26; Y10T428/269; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/31971
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 115
Claim 1
Independent Claim
87 words
An article of manufacture comprising a hinged inorganically filled matrix including a substantially homogenous mixture of aggregate and organic binder, said matrix being formed from an inorganically filled mixture comprising water, a water-dispersible organic polymer binder selected from the group consisting of polysaccharides, proteins, and mixtures or derivatives thereof, an inorganic aggregate material having a concentration in a range from about 40% to about 98% by volume of total solids in said inorganically filled mixture, and a fibrous material substantially homogeneously dispersed throughout said inorganically filled matrix.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
87 words
An article of manufacture comprising a hinged inorganically filled matrix including a substantially homogenous mixture of aggregate and organic binder, said matrix being formed from an inorganically filled mixture comprising water, a water-dispersible organic polymer binder selected from the group consisting of polysaccharides, proteins, and mixtures or derivatives thereof, an inorganic aggregate material having a concentration in a range from about 40% to about 98% by volume of total solids in said inorganically filled mixture, and a fibrous material substantially homogeneously dispersed throughout said inorganically filled matrix.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said hinged matrix includes a living hinge.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said hinged matrix includes a nonliving hinge.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
27 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said hinged inorganically filled matrix has a thickness in a range from about 0.01 mm to about 1 mm.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
27 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said hinged inorganically filled matrix has a thickness in a range from about 0.05 mm to about 0.5 mm.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
33 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said inorganic aggregate material has a concentration in a range from about 50% to about 95% by volume of the total solids in the matrix.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
33 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said inorganic aggregate material has a concentration in a range from about 60% to about 80% by volume of the total solids in the matrix.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said inorganic aggregate material comprises at least two different aggregate materials.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
31 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said inorganic aggregate material comprises individual particles that are size optimized in order to achieve a predetermined particle packing density of the aggregate.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
The article of manufacture of claim 9, wherein said particle packing density of said aggregate material is at least about 0.65.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
21 words
The article of manufacture of claim 9, wherein said particle packing density of said aggregate material is at least about 0.75.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
21 words
The article of manufacture of claim 9, wherein said particle packing density of said aggregate material is at least about 0.85.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
29 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said inorganic aggregate material comprises a lightweight aggregate that reduces the density and increases the insulation ability of said hinged matrix.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
34 words
The article of manufacture of claim 13, wherein said lightweight aggregate is selected from the group consisting of perlite, vermiculite, hollow glass spheres, porous ceramic spheres, lightweight expanded geologic materials, pumice, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
33 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said inorganic aggregate material is selected from the group consisting of clay, gypsum, calcium carbonate, mica, silica, alumina, sand, gravel, sandstone, limestone, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
32 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said inorganically filled matrix also includes an organic aggregate selected from the group consisting of cork, seeds, starches, gelatins, agar materials, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
16 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said inorganic aggregate material includes an inorganic gel.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
29 words
The article of manufacture of claim 17, wherein said inorganic gel is selected from the group consisting of silica gel, aluminum silicate gel, calcium silicate gel, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
31 words
The article of manufacture of claim 17, wherein said inorganic gel has a concentration within the inorganically filled matrix such that a predetermined amount of moisture is maintained within the matrix.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
21 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said inorganic aggregate material includes an inorganic material that is precipitated in situ.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
16 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said inorganic aggregate material comprises a polymerized silicate.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
37 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein the concentration of said water-dispersible organic polymer binder is in a range from about 1% to about 50% by volume of the total solids in the inorganically filled matrix.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
37 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein the concentration of said water-dispersible organic polymer binder is in a range from about 2% to about 30% by volume of the total solids in the inorganically filled matrix.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
37 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein the concentration of said water-dispersible organic polymer binder is in a range from about 5% to about 20% by volume of the total solids in the inorganically filled matrix.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
17 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said water-dispersible organic polymer binder comprises a cellulose-based polymer.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
28 words
The article of manufacture of claim 25, wherein said cellulose-based polymer is selected from the group consisting of methylhydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxymethylethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxyethylpropylcellulose, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
17 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said water-dispersible organic polymer binder comprises a starch-based polymer.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
40 words
The article of manufacture of claim 27, wherein said starch-based polymer is selected from the group consisting of amylopectin, amylose, seagel, starch acetates, starch hydroxyethyl ethers, ionic starches, long-chain alkylstarches, dextrins, amine starches, phosphate starches, dialdehyde starches, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
17 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said water-dispersible organic polymer binder comprises a protein-based material.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
26 words
The article of manufacture of claim 29, wherein said protein-based material is selected from the group consisting of prolamine, collagen, gelatin, glue, casein, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
38 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said water-dispersible organic polymer binder is selected from the group consisting of alginic acid, phycocolloids, agar, gum arabic, guar gum, locust bean gum, gum karaya, gum tragacanth, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
19 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said water-dispersible organic polymer binder further comprises a synthetic organic polymer.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
49 words
The article of manufacture of claim 32, wherein said synthetic organic polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylmethyl ether, polyacrylic acids, polyacrylic acid salts, polyvinylacrylic acids, polyvinylacrylic acid salts, polyacrylimides, polylactic acid, ethylene oxide polymers, synthetic clay, latex, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
34 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said fibrous material has a concentration in a range from about 0.5% to about 50% by volume of the total solids in the inorganically filled matrix.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
34 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said fibrous material has a concentration in a range from about 2% to about 30% by volume of the total solids in the inorganically filled matrix.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
34 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said fibrous material has a concentration in a range from about 5% to about 20% by volume of the total solids in the inorganically filled matrix.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
14 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said fibrous material comprises organic fibers.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
32 words
The article of manufacture of claim 37, wherein said organic fibers are selected from the group consisting of sun hemp, cotton, bagasse, abaca, flax, southern pine, southern hardwood fibers, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
14 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said fibrous material comprises inorganic fibers.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
31 words
The article of manufacture of claim 39, wherein said inorganic fibers are selected from the group consisting of glass fibers, silica fibers, ceramic fibers, carbon fibers, metal fibers, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
22 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said fibrous material comprises a mixture of different fibers having varying strengths and flexibilities.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
20 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said fibrous material increases the tensile strength of the inorganically filled matrix.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
19 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said fibrous material increases the flexibility of the inorganically filled matrix.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
24 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein the aspect ratio of the individual fibers within said fibrous material is at least about 10:1.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
24 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein the aspect ratio of the individual fibers within said fibrous material is at least about 100:1.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
24 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein the aspect ratio of the individual fibers within said fibrous material is at least about 1000:1.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
25 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said fibrous material comprises individual fibers that have a substantially random orientation within said inorganically filled matrix.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
25 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said fibrous material comprises individual fibers that have a substantially unidirectional orientation within said inorganically filled matrix.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
25 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said fibrous material comprises individual fibers that have a substantially bidirectional orientation within said inorganically filled matrix.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
46 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said inorganically filled matrix includes a surface and an interior each having fibers positioned thereat, said fibers positioned at said surface being more uniformly oriented along a defined direction than said fibers at said interior of said matrix.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
16 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said aggregate material comprises a hydraulically settable material.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
16 words
The article of manufacture of claim 51, wherein said hydraulically settable material comprises a hydraulic cement.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
15 words
The article of manufacture of claims 52, wherein said hydraulic cement comprises portland grey cement.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
47 words
The article of manufacture of claim 52, wherein said hydraulic cement is selected from the group consisting of portland white cement, slag cement, calcium aluminate cement, silicate cement, phosphate cement, high-alumina cement, magnesium oxychloride cement, aggregates coated with microfine cement particles, Macro-Defect-Free (MDF) cement, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
16 words
The article of manufacture of claim 51, wherein said hydraulically settable material comprises calcium sulfate hemihydrate.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
15 words
The article of manufacture of claim 51, wherein said hydraulically settable material comprises calcium oxide.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
30 words
The article of manufacture of claim 51, wherein said hydraulically settable material has a concentration within said inorganically filled matrix great enough to impart a binding effect within said matrix.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
15 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said inorganically filled matrix is water degradable.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
19 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said inorganically filled matrix is readily degradable into environmentally neutral components.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
20 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, further comprising a coating material on a surface of said inorganically filled matrix.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
23 words
The article of manufacture of claim 60, wherein said coating material increases the ability of said inorganically filled matrix to resist water penetration.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
19 words
The article of manufacture of claim 60, wherein said coating material increases the flexibility of said inorganically filled matrix.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
15 words
The article of manufacture of claim 60, wherein said coating material comprises a biodegradable material.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
47 words
The article of manufacture of claim 60, wherein said coating material is selected from the group consisting of melamine, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylates, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, polyethylene glycol, acrylics, polyurethane, polylactic acid, starch, soy bean protein, polyethylene, synthetic polymers, waxes, elastomers, edible oils, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
31 words
The article of manufacture of claim 60, wherein said coating material is selected from the group consisting of sodium silicate, calcium carbonate, kaolin, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, ceramic, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
27 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said inorganically filled matrix has a tensile strength in a range from about 0.05 MPa to about 70 MPa.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
27 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said inorganically filled matrix has a tensile strength in a range from about 5 MPa to about 40 MPa.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
30 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said inorganically filled matrix has a bulk density in a range from about 0.4 g/cm 3 to about 2 g/cm 3 .
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
30 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said inorganically filled matrix has a bulk density in a range from about 0.4 g/cm 3 to about 1.5 g/cm 3 .
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
35 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said inorganically filled matrix has a tensile strength to bulk density ratio in a range from about 2 MPa-cm 3 /g to about 200 MPa-cm 3 /g.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
35 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said inorganically filled matrix has a tensile strength to bulk density ratio in a range from about 3 MPa-cm 3 /g to about 50 MPa-cm 3 /g.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
28 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said inorganically filled matrix can elongate in a range from about 0.5% to about 8% without completely fracturing when dry.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
23 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said inorganically filled matrix can elongate up to about 20% without completely fracturing when moist.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
24 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said hinged matrix is formed by cutting or pressing a score in said inorganically filled matrix.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
19 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said hinged matrix is formed by molding said inorganically filled mixture.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
14 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said inorganically filled matrix is perforated.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
17 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said inorganically filled matrix includes finely dispersed air voids.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
26 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said hinged matrix may be bent up to an angle of about 90° without substantially fracturing said matrix.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
26 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said hinged matrix may be bent up to an angle of about 180° without substantially fracturing said matrix.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
26 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said hinged matrix may be bent up to an angle of about 360° without substantially fracturing said matrix.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
14 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said inorganically filled matrix is flexible.
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
18 words
The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said hinged matrix further comprises a pulp-containing material disposed thereon.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
15 words
The article of manufacture of claim 84, wherein said pulp-containing material is a paper strip.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
17 words
An inorganically filled sheet that has been scored to produce the hinged matrix defined by claim 1.
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
17 words
An inorganically filled sheet that has been molded to produce the hinged matrix defined by claim 1.
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
157 words
An article of manufacture comprising a hinged inorganically filled matrix including a substantially homogeneous mixture of aggregate and organic binder, said matrix being formed from an inorganically filled mixture comprising: a water, (b) a water-dispersible organic polymer binder selected from the group consisting of polysaccharides, proteins, and mixtures or derivatives thereof and having a concentration in a range from about 1% to about 50% by volume of total solids in the inorganically filled mixture; (c) an inorganic aggregate material having a concentration in a range from about 40% to about 98% by volume of total solids in the inorganically filled mixture; and (d) a fibrous material having a concentration in a range from about 0.5% to about 50% by volume of total solids in the inorganically filled mixture, wherein said hinged matrix has a thickness of about 0.01 mm to about 1 mm, and wherein said fibrous material is substantially homogeneously dispersed throughout said inorganically filled matrix.
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
157 words
An article of manufacture comprising a hinged inorganically filled matrix including a substantially homogeneous mixture of aggregate and organic binder, said matrix being formed from an inorganically filled mixture comprising: a water, (b) a water-dispersible organic polymer binder selected from the group consisting of polysaccharides, proteins, and mixtures or derivatives thereof and having a concentration in a range from about 1% to about 50% by volume of total solids in the inorganically filled mixture; (c) an inorganic aggregate material having a concentration in a range from about 40% to about 98% by volume of total solids in the inorganically filled mixture; and (d) a fibrous material having a concentration in a range from about 0.5% to about 50% by volume of total solids in the inorganically filled mixture, wherein said hinged matrix has a thickness of about 0.01 mm to about 1 mm, and wherein said fibrous material is substantially homogeneously dispersed throughout said inorganically filled matrix.
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
25 words
The article of manufacture of claim 86, wherein said hinged matrix has a thickness in a range from about 0.05 mm to about 0.5 mm.
Claim 90
Dependent Claim
24 words
The article of manufacture of claim 86, further comprising a coating on at least a portion of a surface of said inorganically filled matrix.
Claim 91
Dependent Claim
18 words
The article of manufacture of claim 86, wherein said hinged matrix further comprises a pulp-containing material disposed thereon.
Claim 92
Dependent Claim
15 words
The article of manufacture of claim 89, wherein said pulp-containing material is a paper strip.
Claim 93
Dependent Claim
78 words
An article of manufacture comprising a hinged inorganically filled matrix including a substantially homogenous mixture of an inorganic aggregate and an organic binder, said matrix further including fibers substantially homogeneously dispersed throughout said inorganically filled matrix, said organic binder being selected from the group consisting of polysaccharides, proteins, and mixtures or derivatives thereof, said inorganic aggregate having a concentration in a range from about 40% to about 98% by volume of total solids in said inorganically filled matrix.
Claim 94
Dependent Claim
78 words
An article of manufacture comprising a hinged inorganically filled matrix including a substantially homogenous mixture of an inorganic aggregate and an organic binder, said matrix further including fibers substantially homogeneously dispersed throughout said inorganically filled matrix, said organic binder being selected from the group consisting of polysaccharides, proteins, and mixtures or derivatives thereof, said inorganic aggregate having a concentration in a range from about 40% to about 98% by volume of total solids in said inorganically filled matrix.
Claim 95
Dependent Claim
32 words
The article of manufacture of claim 91, wherein said inorganic aggregate is selected from the group consisting of clay, gypsum, calcium carbonate, mica, silica, alumina, sand, gravel, sandstone, limestone, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 96
Dependent Claim
35 words
The article of manufacture of claim 91, wherein the concentration of said organic binder is in a range from about 1% to about 50% by volume of the total solids in the inorganically filled matrix.
Claim 97
Dependent Claim
32 words
The article of manufacture of claim 91, wherein said organic binder comprises a cellulosic based polymer selected from the group consisting of methylhydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxymethylethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydrooxyethylpropylcellulose, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 98
Dependent Claim
44 words
The article of manufacture of claim 91, wherein said organic binder comprises a starch-based polymer selected from the group consisting of amylopectin, amylose, seagel, starch acetates, starch hydroxyethyl ethers, ionic starches, long-chain alkyl starches, dextrins, amine starches, phosphate starches, dialdehyde starches, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 99
Dependent Claim
29 words
The article of manufacture of claim 91, wherein said organic binder comprises a protein-based material selected from the group consisting of prolamine, collagen, gelatin, glue, casein, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 100
Dependent Claim
54 words
The article of manufacture of claim 91, wherein said inorganically filled matrix further comprises a synthetic organic polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylmethyl ether, polyacrylic acids, polyacrylic acid salts, polyvinylacrylic acids, polyvinylacrylic acids salts, polyacrylimides, polyactic acid, ethylene oxide polymers, synthetic clay, latex and mixtures thereof.
Claim 101
Dependent Claim
33 words
The article of manufacture of claim 91, wherein said fibers have a concentration in a range from about 0.5% to about 50% by volume of the total solids in the inorganically filled matrix.
Claim 102
Dependent Claim
24 words
The article of manufacture of claim 91, wherein said fibers are selected from the group consisting of organic fibers, inorganic fibers, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 103
Dependent Claim
30 words
The article of manufacture claim 99, wherein said organic fibers are selected from the group consisting of sun hemp, cotton, bagasse, abaca, flax, southern pine, southern hardwood, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 104
Dependent Claim
31 words
The article of manufacture of claim 99, wherein said inorganic fibers are selected from the group consisting of glass fibers, silica fibers, ceramic fibers, carbon fibers, metal fibers, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 105
Dependent Claim
19 words
The article of manufacture of claim 91, wherein the aspect ratio of the fibers is at least about 10:1.
Claim 106
Dependent Claim
16 words
The article of manufacture of claim 91, wherein said inorganic aggregate comprises a hydraulically settable material.
Claim 107
Dependent Claim
16 words
The article of manufacture of claim 103, wherein said hydraulically settable material comprises a hydraulic cement.
Claim 108
Dependent Claim
19 words
The article of manufacture of claim 91, wherein said inorganically filled matrix is readily degradable into environmentally neutral components.
Claim 109
Dependent Claim
19 words
The article of manufacture of claim 91, further comprising a coating material on a surface of said hinged matrix.
Claim 110
Dependent Claim
18 words
The article of manufacture of claim 106, wherein said coating material increases the flexibility of said hinged matrix.
Claim 111
Dependent Claim
57 words
The article of manufacture of claim 106, wherein said coating material is selected from the group consisting of melamine, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylates, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, polyethylene glycol, acrylics, polyurethane, polylactic acid, starch, soy bean protein, polyethylene, synthetic polymers, waxes, elastomers, edible oils, sodium silicate, calcium carbonate, kaolin, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, ceramic, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 112
Dependent Claim
18 words
The article of manufacture of claim 91 wherein said hinged matrix further comprises a pulp-containing material disposed thereon.
Claim 113
Dependent Claim
15 words
The article of manufacture of claim 109, wherein said pulp-containing material is a paper strip.
Claim 114
Dependent Claim
17 words
The article of manufacture of claim 91, wherein said hinged matrix is formed by a molding process.
Claim 115
Dependent Claim
17 words
An inorganically filled sheet that has been molded to produce the hinged matrix defined by claim 91.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2001-12-21 | 2002-06-22 | 2002-12-22 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2005-12-21 | 2006-06-22 | 2006-12-22 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2009-12-21 | 2010-06-22 | 2010-12-22 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |