Patent US5534981A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US5534981A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Image forming apparatus and developer for developing electrostatic images
Assignee: Canon Inc
•
Filing: 1993-08-19
•
Granted: 1996-07-09
•
Expires: 2013-08-19
Abstract
Abstract An image forming apparatus includes a member to be charged for carrying an electrostatic image, a contact-charging means for charging the member to be charged in contact with the member to be charged, and a developing means for developing the electrostatic image carried on the member to be charged. The developing means includes a developer for developing the electrostatic image comprising a toner and hydrophobic inorganic fine powder. The hydrophobic fine powder has a hydrophobicity of 60% or higher and the toner has a volume average particle size of 4-8 microns. The hydrophobic inorganic fine powder not only improves the fluidity of the developer and adjusts the chargeability of the developer but also prevents difficulties due to interaction between the member to be charged and the contact charging means in the presence of residual developer, such as damages of the member to be charged and toner-sticking onto the member to be charged.
Inventors
- 👤 Manabu Ohno
- 👤 Hisayuki Ochi
- 👤 Tetsuhito Kuwashima
- 👤 Hiroyuki Suematsu
- 👤 Eiichi Imai
- 👤 Tsuyoshi Takiguchi
- 👤 Koichi Tomiyama
- 👤 Tsutomu Kukimoto
- 👤 Hiroshi Yusa
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 06:11
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/0819; G03G13/00; G03G13/02; G03G13/025; G03G13/06; G03G13/08; G03G13/09; G03G9/0821; G03G9/083; G03G9/0836; G03G9/087; G03G9/08702; G03G9/08726; G03G9/08733; G03G9/08784; G03G9/08791; G03G9/097; G03G9/09708; G03G9/09716; G03G2215/00; G03G2215/02; G03G2215/021; G03G2221/00; G03G2221/16; G03G2221/18; G03G2221/183; G03G9/08795
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 102
Claim 1
Independent Claim
155 words
An image forming apparatus, comprising: a member to be charged for carrying an electrostatic image, a contact-charging means for charging the member to be charged in contact with the member to be charged, and a developing means for developing the electrostatic image carried on the member to be charged, wherein the developing means includes a developer for developing the electrostatic image comprising a toner and hydrophobic inorganic fine powder having a hydrophobicity of 60% or higher, wherein the toner comprises a colorant and a binder resin and has a volume-average particle size of 4-8 microns and a particle size distribution wherein 2.0 volume % or less of toner particles are 12.7 microns or larger; and the binder resin contains 3-30 wt. parts of polymerized units of a monomer having an acid group formed of a carboxyl group or its anhydride per 100 wt. parts of the binder resin and has an acid value of 1-70.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
155 words
An image forming apparatus, comprising: a member to be charged for carrying an electrostatic image, a contact-charging means for charging the member to be charged in contact with the member to be charged, and a developing means for developing the electrostatic image carried on the member to be charged, wherein the developing means includes a developer for developing the electrostatic image comprising a toner and hydrophobic inorganic fine powder having a hydrophobicity of 60% or higher, wherein the toner comprises a colorant and a binder resin and has a volume-average particle size of 4-8 microns and a particle size distribution wherein 2.0 volume % or less of toner particles are 12.7 microns or larger; and the binder resin contains 3-30 wt. parts of polymerized units of a monomer having an acid group formed of a carboxyl group or its anhydride per 100 wt. parts of the binder resin and has an acid value of 1-70.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said member to be charged comprises a photosensitive member.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
19 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said member to be charged comprises a laminated organic photoconductor photosensitive member.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
23 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said contact charging means abuts the member to be charged at a pressure of 5-500 g/cm.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
18 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder comprises hydrophobic metal oxide fine powder.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder comprises hydrophobic silica fine powder.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
27 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder comprises hydrophobic silica fine powder which has been treated with silicone oil or silicone varnish.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
29 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder comprises hydrophobic silica fine powder which has been treated with amino-modified silicone oil or amino-modified silicone varnish.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
64 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said member to be charged comprises a laminated organic photoconductor photosensitive member, said contact-charging means is in the form of a roller having an electroconductive rubber layer and a releasable coating, said toner comprises negatively chargeable magnetic toner particles, and said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder comprises hydrophobic silica fine powder treated with silicone oil or silicone varnish.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
27 words
The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein said electroconductive rubber layer has a thickness of 0.1-10 mm, and said releasable coating has a thickness of 5-30 microns.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
23 words
The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein said electroconductive rubber layer comprises an ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer, and said releasable coating comprises a nylon resin.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
45 words
The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein said laminated organic photoconductor photosensitive member is surfaced with a material selected from the group consisting of silicone resins, vinylidene chloride resins, ethylene-vinyl chloride resin, styrene-acrylonitrile resin, styrene-methyl methacrylate resin, styrene resins, polyethylene terephthalate resins and polycarbonate resins.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
17 words
The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein said laminated organic photoconductor photosensitive member is surfaced with polycarbonate.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
66 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said member to be charged comprises a laminated organic photoconductor photosensitive member, said contact-charging means is in the form of a roller having an electroconductive rubber layer and a releasable coating, said toner comprises positively chargeable magnetic toner particles, and said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder comprises hydrophobic silica fine powder treated with amino-modified silicone oil or amino-modified silicone varnish.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
27 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said contact-charging means is equipped with a voltage application means for applying an AC voltage, a DC voltage or both.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
36 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said contact-charging means comprises a voltage application means for applying an AC voltage of 0.5-5 kVpp and 50-300 Hz and a DC voltage in absolute value of 200-900 V.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
18 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said developing means comprises a developing sleeve for carrying the developer.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
26 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said member to be charged comprises a laminated organic photoconductor photosensitive member and is equipped with a cleaning means.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
14 words
The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein said cleaning means comprises a cleaning blade.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
59 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said toner comprises a binder resin composition which contains 10-70 wt. % of a tetrahydrofuran-insoluble content and the remainder of a tetrahydrofuran-soluble content including a component with a molecular weight of 10000 or below on a gel permeation chromatography chromatogram of the tetrahydrofuran-soluble content constituting 10-50 wt. % of the binder resin.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
17 words
The apparatus according to claim 20, wherein said binder resin composition comprises a vinyl polymer or copolymer.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
17 words
The apparatus according to claim 20, wherein said binder resin composition comprises a styrene polymer or copolymer.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
108 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said toner comprises a magnetic toner, said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder is treated with silicone oil or silicon varnish, 100 wt. parts of the developer contains 0.2-2.0 wt. parts of the hydrophobic inorganic fine powder, said binder resin contains 3-20 wt. parts of said polymerized units of a monomer having an acid group formed of a carboxyl group or its anhydride per 100 wt. parts of the binder resin, and the developer has a BET specific surface area of 1.8-3.5 m 2 /g, a loose apparent density of 0.4-0.52 g/cm 3 , and a true density of 1.45-1.8 g/cm 3 .
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
25 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein 0.6-1.6 wt. parts of the hydrophobic inorganic fine powder is contained in 100 wt. parts of the developer.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
33 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder has been treated with a silane coupling agent, and then with silicone oil, silicone-varnish, amino-modified silicone oil or amino-modified silicone varnish.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
17 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the toner has a volume-average particle size of 6-8 microns.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
64 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the toner satisfies the following equation: N/V=-0.05N+k, wherein N denotes the contents in % by number of the toner particles of 5 microns or smaller, V denotes the content of % by volume of the toner particles of 5 microns or smaller, k is a positive number of 4.6-6.7 and N is a positive number of 17-60.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
52 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the toner has such a particle size distribution that it includes 17-60% by number of toner particles of 5 microns or smaller, 5-50% by number of toner particles of 6.35-10.08 microns and 2.0% by volume or less of toner particles of 12.7 microns or larger.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
108 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the toner has such a particle size distribution that it includes 17-60% by number of toner particles of 5 microns or smaller, 5-50% by number of toner particles of 6.35-10.08 microns and 2.0% by volume or less of toner particles of 12.7 microns or larger and further satisfies the following equation: N/V=-0.05N+k, wherein N denotes the contents in % by number of the toner particles of 5 microns or smaller, V denotes the content in % by volume of the toner particles of 5 microns or smaller, k is a positive number 4.6-6.7, and N is a positive number of 17-60.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
30 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the member to be charged has a radius of curvature of 25 mm or smaller at the abutting point with the contact-charging means.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
20 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the member to be charged has a diameter of 50 mm or smaller.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
19 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic inorganic fine powder has a hydrophobicity of 90% or higher.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
41 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said binder resin contains 3-20 wt. parts of said polymerized units of a monomer having an acid group formed of a carboxyl group or its anhydride per 100 wt. parts of the binder resin.
Claim 35
Independent Claim
198 words
An apparatus unit, comprising: a member to be charged for carrying an electrostatic image, and at least (a) a contact-charging means for charging the member to be charged in contact with the member to be charged, and (b) a developing means for developing the electrostatic image carried on the member to be charged, wherein the developing means includes a developer for developing the electrostatic image comprising a toner and hydrophobic inorganic fine powder having a hydrophobicity of 60% or higher, wherein the toner comprises a colorant and a binder resin, and has a volume-average particle size of 4-8 microns, and a particle size distribution wherein 2.0 volume % or less of toner particles are 12.7 microns or larger and the binder resin contains 3-30 wt. parts of polymerized units of a monomer having an acid group formed of a carboxyl group or its anhydride per 100 wt. parts of the binder resin and has an acid value of 1-70 and wherein said at least said contact-charging means and developing means are supported integrally together with said member to be charged to form the apparatus unit, which can be connected to or released from an apparatus body as desired.
Claim 36
Independent Claim
198 words
An apparatus unit, comprising: a member to be charged for carrying an electrostatic image, and at least (a) a contact-charging means for charging the member to be charged in contact with the member to be charged, and (b) a developing means for developing the electrostatic image carried on the member to be charged, wherein the developing means includes a developer for developing the electrostatic image comprising a toner and hydrophobic inorganic fine powder having a hydrophobicity of 60% or higher, wherein the toner comprises a colorant and a binder resin, and has a volume-average particle size of 4-8 microns, and a particle size distribution wherein 2.0 volume % or less of toner particles are 12.7 microns or larger and the binder resin contains 3-30 wt. parts of polymerized units of a monomer having an acid group formed of a carboxyl group or its anhydride per 100 wt. parts of the binder resin and has an acid value of 1-70 and wherein said at least said contact-charging means and developing means are supported integrally together with said member to be charged to form the apparatus unit, which can be connected to or released from an apparatus body as desired.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
16 words
The apparatus according to claim 34, wherein said member to be charged comprises a photosensitive member.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
19 words
The apparatus according to claim 34, wherein said member to be charged comprises a laminated organic photoconductor photosensitive member.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
23 words
The apparatus according to claim 34, wherein said contact charging means abuts the member to be charged at a pressure of 5-500 g/cm.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
19 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 34, wherein said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder comprises hydrophobic metal oxide fine powder.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
18 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 34, wherein said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder comprises hydrophobic silica fine powder.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
28 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 34, wherein said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder comprises hydrophobic silica fine powder which has been treated with silicone oil or silicone varnish.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
30 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 34, wherein said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder comprises hydrophobic silica fine powder which has been treated with amino-modified silicone oil or amino-modified silicone varnish.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
65 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 34, wherein said member to be charged comprises a laminated organic photoconductor photosensitive member, said contact-charging means is in the form of a roller having an electroconductive rubber layer and a releasable coating, said toner comprises negatively chargeable magnetic toner particles, and said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder comprises hydrophobic silica fine powder treated with silicone oil or silicone varnish.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
28 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 42, wherein said electroconductive rubber layer has a thickness of 0.1-10 mm, and said releasable coating has a thickness of 5-30 microns.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
24 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 43, wherein said electroconductive rubber layer comprises an ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer, and said releasable coating comprises a nylon resin.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
46 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 42, wherein said laminated organic photoconductor photosensitive member is surfaced with a material selected from the group consisting of silicone resins, vinylidene chloride resins, ethylene-vinyl chloride resin, styrene-acrylonitrile resin, styrene-methyl methacrylate resin, styrene resins, polyethylene terephthalate resins and polycarbonate resins.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
18 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 42, wherein said laminated organic photoconductor photosensitive member is surfaced with polycarbonate.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
67 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 34, wherein said member to be charged comprises a laminated organic photoconductor photosensitive member, said contact-charging means is in the form of a roller having an electroconductive rubber layer and a releasable coating, said toner comprises positively chargeable magnetic toner particles, and said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder comprises hydrophobic silica fine powder treated with amino-modified silicone oil or amino-modified silicone varnish.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
28 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 34, wherein said contact-charging means is equipped with a voltage application means for applying an AC voltage, a DC voltage or both.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
36 words
The apparatus according to claim 34, wherein said contact-charging means comprises a voltage application means for applying an AC voltage of 0.5-5 kVpp and 50-300 Hz and a DC voltage in absolute value of 200-900 V.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
19 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 34, wherein said developing means comprises a developing sleeve for carrying the developer.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
27 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 34, wherein said member to be charged comprises a laminated organic photoconductor photosensitive member and is equipped with a cleaning means.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
15 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 51, wherein said cleaning means comprises a cleaning blade.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
60 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 34, wherein said toner comprises a binder resin composition which contains 10-70 wt. % of a tetrahydrofuran-insoluble content and the remainder of a tetrahydrofuran-soluble content including a component with a molecular weight of 10000 or below on a gel permeation chromatography chromatogram of the tetrahydrofuran-soluble content constituting 10-50 wt. % of the binder resin.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
18 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 53, wherein said binder resin composition comprises a vinyl polymer or copolymer.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
18 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 53, wherein said binder resin composition comprises a styrene polymer or copolymer.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
109 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 34, wherein said toner comprises a magnetic toner, said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder is treated with silicone oil or silicone varnish, 100 wt. parts of the developer contains 0.2-2.0 wt. parts of the hydrophobic inorganic fine powder, said binder resin contains 3-20 wt. parts of said polymerized units of a monomer having an acid group formed of a carboxyl group or its anhydride per 100 wt. parts of the binder resin, and the developer has a BET specific surface area of 1.8-3.5 m 2 /g, a loose apparent density of 0.4-0.5 g/cm 3 , and a true density of 1.45-1.8 g/cm 3 .
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
26 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 34, wherein 0.6-1.6 wt. parts of the hydrophobic inorganic fine powder is contained in 100 wt. parts of the developer.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
34 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 34, wherein said hydrphobic inorganic fine powder has been treated with a silane coupling agent, and then with silicone oil, silicone-varnish, amino-modified silicone oil or amino-modified silicone varnish.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
18 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 34, wherein the toner has a volume-average particle size of 6-8 microns.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
65 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 34, wherein the toner satisfies the following equation: N/V=-0.05N+k, wherein N denotes the contents in % by number of the toner particles of 5 microns or smaller, V denotes the content of % by volume of the toner particles of 5 microns or smaller, k is a positive number of 4.6-6.7 and N is a positive number of 17-60.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
53 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 34, wherein the toner has such a particle size distribution that it includes 17-60% by number of toner particles of 5 microns or smaller, 5-50% by number of toner particle of 6.35-10.08 microns and 2.0% by volume or less of toner particles of 12.7 microns or larger.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
110 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 34, wherein the toner has such a particle size distribution that it includes 17-60% by number of toner particles of 5 microns or smaller, 5-50% by number of toner particles of 6.35-10.08 microns and 2.0% by volume or less of toner particles of 12.7 microns or larger and further satisfies the following equation: N/V=-0.05N+k, wherein N denotes the contents in % by number of the toner particles of 5 microns or smaller, V denotes the content in % by Volume of the toner particles of 5 microns or smaller, k is a positive number of 4.6-6.7, and N is a positive number of 17-60.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
31 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 34, wherein the member to be charged has a radius of curvature of 25 mm or smaller at the abutting point with the contact-charging means.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 34, wherein the member to be charged has a diameter of 50 mm or smaller.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
20 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 34, wherein the hydrophobic inorganic fine powder has a hydrophobicity of 90% or higher.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
42 words
The apparatus unit according to claim 34, wherein said binder resin contains 3-20 wt. parts of said polymerized units of a monomer having an acid group formed of a carboxyl group or its anhydride per 100 wt. parts of the binder resin.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
174 words
A facsimile apparatus, comprising: an electrophotographic apparatus and a receiving means for receiving image data from a remote terminal, wherein said electrophotographic apparatus comprises: a member to be charged for carrying an electrostatic image, a contact-charging means for charging the member to be charged in contact with the member to be charged, and a developing means for developing the electrostatic image carried on the member to be charged, wherein the developing means includes a developer for developing the electrostatic image comprising a toner and hydrophobic inorganic fine powder having a hydrophobicity of 60% or higher, wherein the toner comprises a colorant and a binder resin, and has a volume-average particle size of 4-8 microns and a particle size distribution wherein 2.0 volume % or less of toner particles are 12.7 microns or larger, and the binder resin contains 3-30 wt. parts of polymerized units of a monomer having an acid group formed of a carboxyl group or its anhydride per 100 wt. parts of the binder resin and has an acid value of 1-70.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
174 words
A facsimile apparatus, comprising: an electrophotographic apparatus and a receiving means for receiving image data from a remote terminal, wherein said electrophotographic apparatus comprises: a member to be charged for carrying an electrostatic image, a contact-charging means for charging the member to be charged in contact with the member to be charged, and a developing means for developing the electrostatic image carried on the member to be charged, wherein the developing means includes a developer for developing the electrostatic image comprising a toner and hydrophobic inorganic fine powder having a hydrophobicity of 60% or higher, wherein the toner comprises a colorant and a binder resin, and has a volume-average particle size of 4-8 microns and a particle size distribution wherein 2.0 volume % or less of toner particles are 12.7 microns or larger, and the binder resin contains 3-30 wt. parts of polymerized units of a monomer having an acid group formed of a carboxyl group or its anhydride per 100 wt. parts of the binder resin and has an acid value of 1-70.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
17 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 67, wherein said member to be charged comprises a photosensitive member.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
20 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 67, wherein said member to be charged comprises a laminated organic photoconductor photosensitive member.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
25 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 67, wherein said contact charging means abuts to the member to be charged at a pressure of 5-500 g/cm.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
19 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 67, wherein said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder comprises hydrophobic metal oxide fine powder.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
18 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 67, wherein said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder comprises hydrophobic silica fine powder.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
28 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 67, wherein said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder comprises hydrophobic silica fine powder which has been treated with silicone oil or silicone varnish.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
30 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 67, wherein said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder comprises hydrophobic silica fine powder which has been treated with amino-modified silicone oil or amino-modified silicone varnish.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
65 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 67, wherein said member to be charged comprises a laminated organic photoconductor photosensitive member, said contact-charging means is in the form of a roller having an electroconductive rubber layer and a releasable coating, said toner comprises negatively chargeable magnetic toner particles, and said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder comprises hydrophobic silica fine powder treated with silicone oil or silicone varnish.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
28 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 75, wherein said electroconductive rubber layer has a thickness of 0.1-10 mm, and said releasable coating has a thickness of 5-30 microns.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
24 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 76, wherein said electroconductive rubber layer comprises an ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer, and said releasable coating comprises a nylon resin.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
46 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 75, wherein said laminated organic photoconductor photosensitive member is surfaced with a material selected from the group consisting of silicone resins, vinylidene chloride resins, ethylene-vinyl chloride resin, styrene-acrylonitrile resin, styrene-methyl methacrylate resin, styrene resins, polyethylene terephthalate resins and polycarbonate resins.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
18 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 75, wherein said laminated organic photoconductor photosensitive member is surfaced with polycarbonate.
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
67 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 67, wherein said member to be charged comprises a laminated organic photoconductor photosensitive member, said contact-charging means is in the form of a roller having an electroconductive rubber layer and a releasable coating, said toner comprises positively chargeable magnetic toner particles, and said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder comprises hydrophobic silica fine powder treated with amino-modified silicone oil or amino-modified silicone varnish.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
28 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 67, wherein said contact-charging means is equipped with a voltage application means for applying an AC voltage, a DC voltage or both.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
37 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 67, wherein said contact-charging means comprises a voltage application means for applying an AC voltage of 0.5-5 kVpp and 50-300 Hz and a DC voltage in absolute value of 200-900 V.
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
19 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 67, wherein said developing means comprises a developing sleeve for carrying the developer.
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
27 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 67, wherein said member to be charged comprises a laminated organic photoconductor photosensitive member and is equipped with a cleaning means.
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
15 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 84, wherein said cleaning means comprises a cleaning blade.
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
60 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 67, wherein said toner comprises a binder resin composition which contains 10-70 wt. % of a tetrahydrofuran-insoluble content and the remainder of a tetrahydrofuran-soluble content including a component with a molecular weight of 10000 or below on a gel permeation chromatography chromatogram of the tetrahydrofuran-soluble content constituting 10-50 wt. % of the binder resin.
Claim 90
Dependent Claim
18 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 86, wherein said binder resin composition comprises a vinyl polymer or copolymer.
Claim 91
Dependent Claim
18 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 86, wherein said binder resin composition comprises a styrene polymer or copolymer.
Claim 92
Dependent Claim
109 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 67, wherein said toner comprises a magnetic toner, said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder is treated with silicone oil or silicon varnish, 100 wt. parts of the developer contains 0.2-2.0 wt. parts of the hydrophobic inorganic fine powder, said binder resin contains 3-20 wt. parts of said polymerized units of a monomer having an acid group formed of a carboxyl group or its anhydride per 100 wt. parts of the binder resin, and the developer has a BET specific surface area of 1.8-3.5 m 2 /g, a loose apparent density of 0.4-0.52 g/cm 3 , and a true density of 1.45-1.8 g/cm 3 .
Claim 93
Dependent Claim
26 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 67, wherein 0.6-1.6 wt. parts of the hydrophobic inorganic fine powder is contained in 100 wt. parts of the developer.
Claim 94
Dependent Claim
34 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 67, wherein said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder has been treated with a silane coupling agent, and then with silicone oil, silicone-varnish, amino-modified silicone oil or amino-modified silicone varnish.
Claim 95
Dependent Claim
18 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 67, wherein the toner has a volume-average particle size of 6-8 microns.
Claim 96
Dependent Claim
65 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 67, wherein the toner satisfies the following equation: N/V=-0.5N+k, wherein N denotes the contents in % by number of the toner particles of 5 microns or smaller, V denotes the content of % by volume of the toner particles of 5 microns or smaller, k is a positive number of 4.6-6.7 and N is a positive number of 17-60.
Claim 97
Dependent Claim
53 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 67, wherein the toner has such a particle size distribution that it includes 17-60% by number of toner particles of 5 microns or smaller, 5-50% by number of toner particles of 6.35-10.08 microns and 2.0% by volume or less of toner particles of 12.7 microns or larger.
Claim 98
Dependent Claim
109 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 67, wherein the toner has such a particle size distribution that it includes 17-60% by number of toner particles of 5 microns or smaller, 5-50% by number of toner particles of 6.35-10.08 microns and 2.0% by volume or less of toner particles of 12.7 microns or larger and further satisfies the following equation: N/V=-0.5N+k, wherein N denotes the contents in % by number of the toner particles of 5 microns or smaller, V denotes the content in % by volume of the toner particles of 5 microns or smaller, k is a positive number 4.6-6.7, and N is a positive number of 17-60.
Claim 99
Dependent Claim
31 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 67, wherein the member to be charged has a radius of curvature of 25 mm or smaller at the abutting point with the contact-charging means.
Claim 100
Dependent Claim
21 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 67, wherein the member to be charged has a diameter of 50 mm or smaller.
Claim 101
Dependent Claim
20 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 67, wherein the hydrophobic inorganic fine powder has a hydrophobicity of 90% or higher.
Claim 102
Dependent Claim
42 words
The facsimile apparatus according to claim 67, wherein said binder resin contains 3-20 wt. parts of said polymerized units of a monomer having an acid group formed of a carboxyl group or its anhydride per 100 wt. parts of the binder resin.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
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