Patent US5505747A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US5505747A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method of making an abrasive article
Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Co
•
Filing: 1994-01-13
•
Granted: 1996-04-09
•
Expires: 2014-01-13
Abstract
Abstract A method for making an abrasive article is disclosed, including the steps of providing a substrate having abrasive means on one surface, and providing a plurality of hooking stems on the opposite surface thereof. Several illustrative variations of the inventive method are disclosed.
Inventors
- 👤 Jason A. Chesley
- 👤 Donald R. Bell
- 👤 Harold E. Rude
- 👤 William F. Sheffield
- 👤 David F. Slama
- 👤 Alan N. Stephens
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 18:09
CPC Classifications
B; B29; B29C; B29C59/00; B29C59/02; B29C59/022; B29C59/025; A; A44; A44B; A44B18/00; A44B18/0046; A44B18/0049; A44B18/0053; B24; B24D; B24D11/00; B24D11/001; B24D9/00; B24D9/08; B24D9/085; B29C43/00; B29C43/22; B29C43/222; B29C43/32; B29C43/44; B29C43/46; B29C2043/461; B29C55/00; B29C55/02; B29C55/04; B29C55/06; B29L; B29L2031/00; B29L2031/727; B29L2031/729; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/24; Y10T428/24008; Y10T428/24017
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 69
Claim 1
Independent Claim
122 words
A method of making an abrasive article, comprising the steps of: a) providing an abrasive sheet having first and second major surfaces, the first major surface including means for abrading a surface; b) molding a base sheet having opposed first and second major surfaces, the base sheet including a plurality of stems projecting from the first major surface, the stems each including a stem diameter and a distal end remote from the base sheet; c) bonding the second major surface of the base sheet to the second major surface of the abrasive sheet; and d) deforming the distal end of each stem to thereby provide each stem with a hooking portion to enable the stem to releasably hook an opposed engaging structure.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
122 words
A method of making an abrasive article, comprising the steps of: a) providing an abrasive sheet having first and second major surfaces, the first major surface including means for abrading a surface; b) molding a base sheet having opposed first and second major surfaces, the base sheet including a plurality of stems projecting from the first major surface, the stems each including a stem diameter and a distal end remote from the base sheet; c) bonding the second major surface of the base sheet to the second major surface of the abrasive sheet; and d) deforming the distal end of each stem to thereby provide each stem with a hooking portion to enable the stem to releasably hook an opposed engaging structure.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 1, wherein step d) precedes step c).
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
37 words
The method of claim 1, wherein step d) comprises deforming the distal end on each stem to provide a head, such that the head extends radially beyond the periphery of the stem in at least one direction.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 1, wherein step d) comprises deforming each stem to provide an included distal end angle of less than approximately 90 degrees.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the stem has an overall length of between approximately 0.05 to 2.6 millimeters.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 5, wherein the stem has a an overall length of between approximately 0.13 to 1.0 millimeters.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 1, wherein at the stem comprises an organic polymeric material.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 7, wherein the organic polymeric material is a thermoplastic material.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 7, wherein the organic polymeric material is a thermosetting material.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of claim 7, wherein the polymeric material further comprises an additive selected from the group consisting of fillers, fibers, antistatic agents, lubricants, wetting agents, surfactants, pigments, dyes, coupling agents, plasticizers, and suspending agents.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 8, wherein the thermoplastic material is selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes, polyamides, polyolefins, polyesters, and combinations thereof.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 8, wherein the thermoplastic material is a polyolefin selected from the group consisting of polyethylene and polypropylene.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the stems each have a cross sectional shape, taken generally parallel to the base sheet, that is selected from the group consisting of a circle, an oval, a polygon, and a multi-lobed shape.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
10 words
The method of claim 13, wherein the stems are solid.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
10 words
The method of claim 13, wherein the stems are hollow.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 3, wherein the heads each have a length of between approximately 0.05 to 1.1 millimeters.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 16, wherein the heads each have a length of between approximately 0.1 to 0.5 millimeters.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 3, wherein the head has a diameter at least 0.05 millimeters greater than the stem diameter.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
36 words
The method of claim 3, wherein each head has a cross-sectional area taken generally parallel to the base sheet, wherein the cross-sectional area, beginning at the distal end of each stem, initially increases and subsequently decreases.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 3, wherein each head has a cross-sectional area taken generally parallel to the base sheet, wherein the cross-sectional area is constant.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
33 words
The method of claim 3, wherein each head has a cross-sectional area taken generally parallel to the base sheet, wherein the cross-sectional area, beginning at the distal end of each stem, progressively decreases.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
33 words
The method of claim 3, wherein each head has a cross-sectional area taken generally parallel to the base sheet, wherein the cross-sectional area, beginning at the distal end of each stem, progressively increases.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the base sheet includes between approximately 8 to approximately 310 stems per square centimeter.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 3, wherein each head is centered symmetrically on the stem.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 3, wherein each head is off center on the stem.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 25; wherein the heads are positioned randomly with respect to the respective stems.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 25, wherein the heads are positioned non-randomly with respect to the respective stems.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method of claim 3, wherein the heads each have a cross sectional shape, taken generally parallel to the base sheet, that is selected from the group consisting of a circle, an oval, a polygon, and a multi-lobed shape.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the stems are in a uniform array on the first major surface of the base sheet.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the abrasive article is a circular disc.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the abrasive article is a polygonal or multi-lobed sheet.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 1, wherein step c) comprises laminating the base sheet to the second major surface of the abrasive sheet with a laminating adhesive.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the base sheet and the stems comprise the same material.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the base sheet and the stems comprise different materials.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the base sheet comprises a thermoplastic polymer.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
58 words
The method of claim 1, wherein step b) comprises the steps of: i) providing a cylindrical mold having a plurality of cavities formed in the peripheral surface thereof, said cavities adapted to form stems; and ii) coating a flowable material over the peripheral surface and into the cavities to form a base sheet having a plurality of stems.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 36, further including the step of evacuating air from the cavities to draw the flowable material into the cavities.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 36, further including the step of continuously cooling the mold to facilitate solidification of the base sheet and the stems.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 3, wherein the heads are provided by applying heat to the stems.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 3, wherein the heads are provided by applying radiation to the stems.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
46 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of stems are in a plurality of clusters, wherein each cluster comprises at least two stems, and each cluster is separated from each adjacent cluster by a distance greater than the distance between the stems within a cluster.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 18, wherein the base sheet, the stems, and the heads comprise polypropylene.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 18, wherein the stems are generally cylindrical, and the heads are generally circular at the outermost periphery thereof.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 3, wherein step d) comprises contacting the distal ends of the stem with a heated roll.
Claim 46
Independent Claim
192 words
A method of making an abrasive article, comprising the steps of: a) providing an abrasive sheet having first and second major surfaces, the first major surface including means for abrading a surface; b) molding a base sheet by: i) providing a mold having a plurality of cavities formed in the peripheral surface thereof, said cavities adapted to form stems; and ii) coating a flowable material over the peripheral surface and into the cavities of the mold to form a base sheet having a plurality of stems; such that the base sheet comprises opposed first and second major surfaces and a plurality of stems projecting from the first major surface, the stems each comprising a stem diameter and a distal end remote from the base sheet; c) bonding the second major surface of the base sheet to the second major surface of the abrasive sheet; and d) deforming the distal end of each stem to thereby provide a head on each stem, such that the head has a circular periphery having a diameter at least 0.05 mm greater than the stem diameter to enable the stem to releasably hook an opposed engaging structure.
Claim 47
Independent Claim
192 words
A method of making an abrasive article, comprising the steps of: a) providing an abrasive sheet having first and second major surfaces, the first major surface including means for abrading a surface; b) molding a base sheet by: i) providing a mold having a plurality of cavities formed in the peripheral surface thereof, said cavities adapted to form stems; and ii) coating a flowable material over the peripheral surface and into the cavities of the mold to form a base sheet having a plurality of stems; such that the base sheet comprises opposed first and second major surfaces and a plurality of stems projecting from the first major surface, the stems each comprising a stem diameter and a distal end remote from the base sheet; c) bonding the second major surface of the base sheet to the second major surface of the abrasive sheet; and d) deforming the distal end of each stem to thereby provide a head on each stem, such that the head has a circular periphery having a diameter at least 0.05 mm greater than the stem diameter to enable the stem to releasably hook an opposed engaging structure.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 45, wherein step b) further includes the step of evacuating air from the cavities to draw the flowable material into the cavities.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 45, wherein step b) further includes the step of continuously cooling the mold to facilitate solidification of the base sheet and the stems.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 45, wherein step d) comprises applying heat to the stems.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 45, wherein step d) comprises contacting the distal ends of the stems with a heated roll.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 45, wherein step d) comprises applying radiation to the stems.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 45, wherein the flowable material comprises a thermoplastic polymer.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 45, wherein the flowable material comprises polypropylene.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 45, wherein the stem has an overall length of between approximately 0.05 to 2.6 millimeters.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 45, wherein the stem has an overall length of between approximately 0.13 to 1.0 millimeters.
Claim 57
Independent Claim
219 words
A method of making an abrasive article, comprising the steps of: a) providing an abrasive sheet having first and second major surfaces, the first major surface including means for abrading a surface; b) molding a base sheet by: i) providing a mold having a plurality of cavities formed in the peripheral surface thereof, said cavities adapted to form stems; ii) coating a flowable thermoplastic polymeric material over the peripheral surface and into the cavities to form a base sheet having a plurality of stems while evacuating air from the cavities to draw the material into the cavities; and iii) continuously cooling the mold to facilitate solidification of the base sheet and the stems; such that the base sheet comprises opposed first and second major surfaces and a plurality of stems projecting from the first major surface, the stems each comprising a stem diameter and a distal end remote from the base sheet; c) bonding the second major surface of the base sheet to the second major surface of the abrasive sheet; and d) deforming the distal end of each stem to thereby provide a head on each stem, such that the head has a circular periphery having a diameter at least 0.05 mm greater than the stem diameter to enable the stem to releasably hook an opposed engaging structure.
Claim 58
Independent Claim
219 words
A method of making an abrasive article, comprising the steps of: a) providing an abrasive sheet having first and second major surfaces, the first major surface including means for abrading a surface; b) molding a base sheet by: i) providing a mold having a plurality of cavities formed in the peripheral surface thereof, said cavities adapted to form stems; ii) coating a flowable thermoplastic polymeric material over the peripheral surface and into the cavities to form a base sheet having a plurality of stems while evacuating air from the cavities to draw the material into the cavities; and iii) continuously cooling the mold to facilitate solidification of the base sheet and the stems; such that the base sheet comprises opposed first and second major surfaces and a plurality of stems projecting from the first major surface, the stems each comprising a stem diameter and a distal end remote from the base sheet; c) bonding the second major surface of the base sheet to the second major surface of the abrasive sheet; and d) deforming the distal end of each stem to thereby provide a head on each stem, such that the head has a circular periphery having a diameter at least 0.05 mm greater than the stem diameter to enable the stem to releasably hook an opposed engaging structure.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 55, wherein step d) comprises applying heat to the stems.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 55, wherein step d) comprises contacting the distal ends of the stems with a heated roll.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 55, wherein step d) comprises applying radiation to the stems.
Claim 62
Independent Claim
190 words
A method of making an abrasive article, comprising the steps of: a) providing an abrasive sheet having first and second major surfaces, the first major surface including means for abrading a surface; b) molding a base sheet by: i) providing a cylindrical mold having a plurality of cavities formed in the peripheral surface thereof, said cavities adapted to form stems; and ii) coating a flowable material over the peripheral surface and into the cavities to form a base sheet having a plurality of stems; such that the base sheet comprises opposed first and second major surfaces and a plurality of stems projecting from the first major surface, the stems each comprising a distal end remote from the base sheet; c) bonding the second major surface of the base sheet to the second major surface of the abrasive sheet; and d) deforming the distal end of each stem to thereby provide each stem with a hooking portion extending beyond the stem by at least 0.05 mm in at least one direction generally normal to the longitudinal axis of the stem to enable the stem to releasably hook an opposed engaging structure.
Claim 63
Independent Claim
190 words
A method of making an abrasive article, comprising the steps of: a) providing an abrasive sheet having first and second major surfaces, the first major surface including means for abrading a surface; b) molding a base sheet by: i) providing a cylindrical mold having a plurality of cavities formed in the peripheral surface thereof, said cavities adapted to form stems; and ii) coating a flowable material over the peripheral surface and into the cavities to form a base sheet having a plurality of stems; such that the base sheet comprises opposed first and second major surfaces and a plurality of stems projecting from the first major surface, the stems each comprising a distal end remote from the base sheet; c) bonding the second major surface of the base sheet to the second major surface of the abrasive sheet; and d) deforming the distal end of each stem to thereby provide each stem with a hooking portion extending beyond the stem by at least 0.05 mm in at least one direction generally normal to the longitudinal axis of the stem to enable the stem to releasably hook an opposed engaging structure.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 59, wherein step d) comprises applying heat to the stems.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 59, wherein step d) comprises contacting the distal ends of the stems with a heated roll.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 59, wherein step d) comprises applying radiation to the stems.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
33 words
The method of claim 59, wherein the stem comprises a stem diameter, and wherein the head comprises a circular outer periphery having a diameter at least 0.05 mm greater than the stem diameter.
Claim 68
Independent Claim
232 words
A method of making an abrasive article, comprising the steps of: a) providing an abrasive sheet having first and second major surfaces, the first major surface including means for abrading a surface; b) molding a base sheet by: i) providing a cylindrical mold having a plurality of cavities formed in the peripheral surface thereof, said cavities adapted to form stems; ii) coating a flowable thermoplastic polymeric material over the peripheral surface and into the cavities to form a base sheet having a plurality of stems while evacuating air from the cavities to draw the material into the cavities; and iii) continuously cooling the mold to facilitate solidification of the base sheet and the stems; such that the base sheet comprises opposed first and second major surfaces and a plurality of stems projecting from the first major surface, the stems each comprising a stem diameter and a distal end remote from the base sheet; c) bonding the second major surface of the base sheet to the second major surface of the abrasive sheet; and d) contacting the distal ends of the stems with a heated roll to deform the distal end of each stem to thereby provide a head on each stem, such that the head has a circular periphery having a diameter at least 0.05 mm greater than the stem diameter to enable the stem to releasably hook an opposed engaging structure.
Claim 69
Independent Claim
232 words
A method of making an abrasive article, comprising the steps of: a) providing an abrasive sheet having first and second major surfaces, the first major surface including means for abrading a surface; b) molding a base sheet by: i) providing a cylindrical mold having a plurality of cavities formed in the peripheral surface thereof, said cavities adapted to form stems; ii) coating a flowable thermoplastic polymeric material over the peripheral surface and into the cavities to form a base sheet having a plurality of stems while evacuating air from the cavities to draw the material into the cavities; and iii) continuously cooling the mold to facilitate solidification of the base sheet and the stems; such that the base sheet comprises opposed first and second major surfaces and a plurality of stems projecting from the first major surface, the stems each comprising a stem diameter and a distal end remote from the base sheet; c) bonding the second major surface of the base sheet to the second major surface of the abrasive sheet; and d) contacting the distal ends of the stems with a heated roll to deform the distal end of each stem to thereby provide a head on each stem, such that the head has a circular periphery having a diameter at least 0.05 mm greater than the stem diameter to enable the stem to releasably hook an opposed engaging structure.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1999-04-09 | 1999-10-09 | 2000-04-09 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2003-04-09 | 2003-10-09 | 2004-04-09 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2007-04-09 | 2007-10-09 | 2008-04-09 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |