Patent US5489317A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US5489317A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Surface for sports and other uses
Assignee: Turf Stabilization Technologies Inc
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Filing: 1994-10-04
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Granted: 1996-02-06
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Expires: 2014-10-04
Abstract
Abstract An improved surface includes a foundation constructed of a subgrade and a sub-base. A synthetic turf is positioned atop the foundation and includes synthetic grass blades secured to a backing. The synthetic turf also includes a surface layer of material supported by the backing and intermixed with the synthetic grass blades. Natural grass is planted in the surface layer of material wherein the natural grass includes natural grass blades and roots. The backing is provided with perforations sufficient in number to permit the roots of the natural grass to extend through the backing into the sub-base of the foundation. The natural grass improves the overall desirability of the surface by improving its durability, increasing its life span, reducing the cost of installation, reducing the cost of maintenance, and improving the benefits to the ecology.
Inventors
- 👤 Jerry G. Bergevin
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 20:20
CPC Classifications
E; E01; E01C; E01C9/00; E01C9/004; A; A63; A63C; A63C19/00; A63C19/04; E01C13/00; E01C13/08; E01C13/083; E01C2013/086
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 33
Claim 1
Independent Claim
119 words
A surface for sports and other uses, said surface comprising: a foundation for supporting said surface; a cushioning layer of material positioned atop said foundation, said cushioning layer of material having a multiplicity of perforations and including rubber particles adhered together by urethane to create a flexible, perforated cushion; a surface layer of material positioned atop said cushioning layer of material; and natural grass including a multiplicity of natural grass blades each having roots associated therewith, said natural grass being planted in said surface layer of material so that said roots of said multiplicity of natural grass blades extend downward through said surface layer of material and said perforations of said cushioning layer of material and into said foundation.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
119 words
A surface for sports and other uses, said surface comprising: a foundation for supporting said surface; a cushioning layer of material positioned atop said foundation, said cushioning layer of material having a multiplicity of perforations and including rubber particles adhered together by urethane to create a flexible, perforated cushion; a surface layer of material positioned atop said cushioning layer of material; and natural grass including a multiplicity of natural grass blades each having roots associated therewith, said natural grass being planted in said surface layer of material so that said roots of said multiplicity of natural grass blades extend downward through said surface layer of material and said perforations of said cushioning layer of material and into said foundation.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
63 words
The surface as recited in claim 1 wherein said foundation comprises: a compacted subgrade formed of earth and rock for providing a foundation, said compacted subgrade including drainage away from the surface; and a sub-base positioned atop said compacted subgrade, said sub-base including a mixture of sand, rubber, and rock in relative quantities to provide sufficient drainage of water to said compacted subgrade.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
53 words
The surface as recited in claim 2 further including a perforated filter intermediate said compacted subgrade and said sub-base, said perforated filter being designed to permit the flow of water from said sub-base to said compacted subgrade and to substantially prevent the flow of other substances from said sub-base to said compacted subgrade.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
59 words
The surface as recited in claim 1 further including a perforated filter intermediate said foundation and said cushioning layer of material, said perforated filter being designed to permit the flow of water from said cushioning layer of material to said foundation and to substantially prevent the flow of other substances from said cushioning layer of material to said foundation.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
140 words
A grass playing surface comprising: (a) a foundation; (b) all artificial grass turf located on top of tile foundation, the artificial grass turf having generally vertically upright fibers mounted in a porous backing, file fibers having at least one free end and extending upward in the same general direction; (c) a layer of growth medium disposed ill the artificial grass turf to a depth sufficient to substantially fill the artificial grass turf to the top of tile fibers; and (d) natural grass plants, having grass blades, crowns and roots, disposed in tile growth medium, tile roots extending downwardly through he growth medium, tile artificial grass turf and into the foundation the crowns being located slightly below tile top of tile fibers and tile blades extending upwardly above the top of the fibers forming a playing surface of substantially natural grass.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
140 words
A grass playing surface comprising: (a) a foundation; (b) all artificial grass turf located on top of tile foundation, the artificial grass turf having generally vertically upright fibers mounted in a porous backing, file fibers having at least one free end and extending upward in the same general direction; (c) a layer of growth medium disposed ill the artificial grass turf to a depth sufficient to substantially fill the artificial grass turf to the top of tile fibers; and (d) natural grass plants, having grass blades, crowns and roots, disposed in tile growth medium, tile roots extending downwardly through he growth medium, tile artificial grass turf and into the foundation the crowns being located slightly below tile top of tile fibers and tile blades extending upwardly above the top of the fibers forming a playing surface of substantially natural grass.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
20 words
The grass playing surface of claim 5, wherein the backing material is formed at least partially of a biodegradable material.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
The grass playing surface of claim 5, wherein the fibers are tufted into the backing material.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
38 words
The grass playing surface of claim 5, wherein the foundation includes a perforated filter configured to permit the flow of water through the perforated filter and to substantially prevent the flow of other substances through the perforated filter.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
24 words
The grass playing surface of claim 5, wherein a density of the synthetic grass blades is approximately 784 grass blades per ten square centimeters.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
24 words
The grass playing surface of claim 5, wherein a density of the synthetic grass blades is approximately 169 grass blades per ten square centimeters.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
19 words
The grass playing surface of claim 5, wherein the growth medium is a mixture of sand and rubber particles.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
32 words
The grass playing surface of claim 5, wherein the blades extend a sufficient distance above the top of the fibers to protect the artificial grass turf from damage due to ultraviolet light.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
47 words
The grass playing surface of claim 5, wherein the fibers extend upwardly from the backing material a sufficient distance to protect the roots and crowns from damage during use but do not extend a sufficient distance above the crowns to protect the blades from damage during use.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
138 words
A durable natural grass playing surface comprising: (a) a foundation; (b) artificial grass means for protecting drowns and roots of natural grass plants located on file foundation, the artificial grass means including artificial grass fibers mounted in a porous backing material, the fibers including a free end and extending vertically upward in the same general direction from the backing material, a growth medium disposed in the artificial grass fibers to a point proximate the top of the artificial grass fibers; and (c) the natural grass plants having roots, crowns, and blades, file roots extending downwardly through the artificial grass means and into the foundation, the crowns being located below the top of the artificial grass fibers and the blades extending upwardly above the top of the artificial grass fibers to form the playing surface of natural grass blades.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
138 words
A durable natural grass playing surface comprising: (a) a foundation; (b) artificial grass means for protecting drowns and roots of natural grass plants located on file foundation, the artificial grass means including artificial grass fibers mounted in a porous backing material, the fibers including a free end and extending vertically upward in the same general direction from the backing material, a growth medium disposed in the artificial grass fibers to a point proximate the top of the artificial grass fibers; and (c) the natural grass plants having roots, crowns, and blades, file roots extending downwardly through the artificial grass means and into the foundation, the crowns being located below the top of the artificial grass fibers and the blades extending upwardly above the top of the artificial grass fibers to form the playing surface of natural grass blades.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
20 words
The playing surface of claim 14, wherein the porous backing material is at least partially formed of a biodegradable material.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
15 words
The playing surface of claim 14, wherein the fibers are tufted into the backing material.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
33 words
The playing surface of claim 14, further comprising a perforated filter designed to permit the flow of water through the foundation and to substantially prevent the flow of other substances through the foundation.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
35 words
The playing surface of claim 14, further comprising a cushioning layer of material positioned on top of the foundation, the cushioning material including rubber particles adhered together by urethane to create a flexible, perforated cushion.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
49 words
The playing surface of claim 14, wherein the artificial grass fibers extend a sufficient distance from the backing material to protect the crowns and roots of the natural grass plants, but do not extend a sufficient distance to protect the blades of natural grass plants from damage during use.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
21 words
The playing surface of claim 14, wherein the artificial grass fibers terminate adjacent an upper surface of the artificial grass means.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
35 words
The playing surface of claim 14, wherein the blades of the natural grass plants extend a sufficient distance above the artificial grass means to protect the artificial grass means from damage due to ultraviolet light.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
90 words
A reinforced grass playing surface comprising: (a) a foundation; (b) a porous backing material located on top of the foundation; (c) generally vertically upright artificial fibers mounted in the backing material and extending upward in the same general direction from the backing material file fibers including at least one free end; (d) a layer of growth medium disposed on top of the backing material around the artificial fibers to a depth proximate the top of the artificial fibers; and (e) natural grass plants disposed on top of the growth medium.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
90 words
A reinforced grass playing surface comprising: (a) a foundation; (b) a porous backing material located on top of the foundation; (c) generally vertically upright artificial fibers mounted in the backing material and extending upward in the same general direction from the backing material file fibers including at least one free end; (d) a layer of growth medium disposed on top of the backing material around the artificial fibers to a depth proximate the top of the artificial fibers; and (e) natural grass plants disposed on top of the growth medium.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
19 words
The playing surface of claim 22, wherein the backing material is formed at least partially of a biodegradable material.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
15 words
The playing surface of claim 22, wherein the fibers are tufted into the backing material.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
68 words
The playing surface of claim 22, wherein the natural grass plants include roots, crowns and blades, the roots extending downwardly through the growth medium, the artificial grass turf, and into the foundation, the crowns being located slightly below the top of the artificial fibers and the blades extending upwardly from the crowns substantially above the top of the artificial fibers to form a playing surface of natural grass.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
37 words
The playing surface of claim 22, wherein the foundation includes a perforated filter configured to permit the flow of water through the perforated filter and to substantially prevent the flow of other substances through the perforated filter.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
35 words
The playing surface of claim 22, further comprising a cushioning layer of material positioned on top of the foundation, the cushioning material including rubber particles adhered together by urethane to create a flexible, perforated cushion.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
34 words
The playing surface of claim 26, wherein the blades of the natural grass extend a sufficient distance above the top of the fibers to protect the artificial fibers from damage due to ultraviolet light.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
24 words
The playing surface of claim 22, wherein the tops of the artificial fibers are adjacent the top of the second layer of growth medium.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1999-02-05 | 1999-08-07 | 2000-02-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2003-02-05 | 2003-08-07 | 2004-02-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2007-02-05 | 2007-08-07 | 2008-02-06 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |