US4023506A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
System and process for providing durability enhanced area
Assignee: Purdue Research Foundation
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Filing: 1976-03-08
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Granted: 1977-05-17
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Expires: 1996-03-08
Abstract
Abstract A system and process is disclosed for providing a durability enhanced area that is particularly well suited for use as an athletic playing field. A vegetative crop has one or more layers of netting associated therewith so that each layer of netting has portions of the vegetative crop extending therethrough. With grass utilized as the vegetative crop and the growing points of the grass within a rooting medium, the blades of the grass extend upwardly through a top layer of netting contiguous to and above the rooting medium to protect the growing points of the grass and to prevent excessive divoting when the area is used as an athletic playing field. A second layer of netting is positioned below the rooting medium so that the roots of the grass extend therethrough to give the turf the support strength that is particularly required where the area is used as an athletic playing field for playing a game such as football. Additional layers of netting may be utilized where needed or desired. The system is particularly suitable for use with a planted surface having an underground conditioning system, and may also be utilized to replace or repair selected portions of an area.
Inventors
- 👤 Melvin J. Robey
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 22:50
CPC Classifications
E; E01; E01C; E01C13/00; E01C13/08; E01C13/083; A; A01; A01G; A01G20/00; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S111/00; Y10S111/901
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
135 words
An area having a durability enhanced surface intended for heavy use, said area comprising: a base; a rooting medium above and supported by said base; a vegetative crop at the surface of said area, said vegetative crop having growing points in said rooting medium, blades extending upwardly from said growing points, and roots extending downwardly from said growing points; first apertured means contiguous to and below said rooting medium and having said roots of said vegetative crop extending through the apertures in said first apertured means; and second apertured means contiguous to and above said rooting medium and having said blades of said vegetative crop extending through the apertures in said second apertured means with said apertured means being positioned and configured so as not to impede use of said area in the intended manner.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
135 words
An area having a durability enhanced surface intended for heavy use, said area comprising: a base; a rooting medium above and supported by said base; a vegetative crop at the surface of said area, said vegetative crop having growing points in said rooting medium, blades extending upwardly from said growing points, and roots extending downwardly from said growing points; first apertured means contiguous to and below said rooting medium and having said roots of said vegetative crop extending through the apertures in said first apertured means; and second apertured means contiguous to and above said rooting medium and having said blades of said vegetative crop extending through the apertures in said second apertured means with said apertured means being positioned and configured so as not to impede use of said area in the intended manner.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
The area of claim 1 wherein said apertured means includes separated layers of net-like material at opposite sides of said rooting medium.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
30 words
The area of claim 2 wherein said area includes a third layer of said net-like material contiguous to and below said second layer to provide added strength to said area.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
44 words
The area of claim 1 wherein said base is sand that extends up to said rooting medium, and wherein said area includes a waterproof layer below said base and drainage means above said waterproof layer, said apertured means allowing drainage of said surface therethrough.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
123 words
A durability enhancing system for a surface area having a vegetative cover crop with the surface area being subjected to heavy use and said vegetative cover crop including a rooting medium having blades extending upwardly and roots extending downwardly therefrom, said system including first net means at one side of said rooting medium of said vegetative cover crop and having said roots of said vegetative cover crop extending therethrough, and said system also including second net means at the other side of said rooting medium of said vegetative cover crop and having said blades of said vegetative cover crop extending therethrough with said net means being positioned and configured so as not to impede use of said surface area in the intended manner.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
123 words
A durability enhancing system for a surface area having a vegetative cover crop with the surface area being subjected to heavy use and said vegetative cover crop including a rooting medium having blades extending upwardly and roots extending downwardly therefrom, said system including first net means at one side of said rooting medium of said vegetative cover crop and having said roots of said vegetative cover crop extending therethrough, and said system also including second net means at the other side of said rooting medium of said vegetative cover crop and having said blades of said vegetative cover crop extending therethrough with said net means being positioned and configured so as not to impede use of said surface area in the intended manner.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
46 words
The system of claim 5 wherein said first net means includes a layer of net-like material adjacent to said surface area and wherein said net-like material has openings sufficiently small to prevent penetration by any portion of footwear worn by a player utilizing said playing field.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
The system of claim 5 wherein said vegetative cover crop is grass having growing points in said rooting medium.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
177 words
An athletic playing field having a durability enhanced surface area that is intended for heavy use, said playing field comprising: a compacted subsoil base; a waterproof layer above and adjacent to said base; drainage means above and adjacent to said waterproof layer; a uniform porous medium adjacent to drainage means and extending upwardly therefrom; a rooting medium adjacent to and above said uniform porous medium, the top portion of said rooting medium providing a surface area; grass having growing points in said rooting medium with blades extending upwardly from said rooting medium to provide a grass cover at said surface area and roots extending downwardly into said uniform porous medium; and first and second layers of netting one of which is contiguous to said surface area and has said blades of grass extending therethrough and the other of which is adjacent to and below said rooting medium and has said roots of grass extending therethrough, said layers of netting providing protection to the growing points of said grass and enhancing the stability of said athletic playing field.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
177 words
An athletic playing field having a durability enhanced surface area that is intended for heavy use, said playing field comprising: a compacted subsoil base; a waterproof layer above and adjacent to said base; drainage means above and adjacent to said waterproof layer; a uniform porous medium adjacent to drainage means and extending upwardly therefrom; a rooting medium adjacent to and above said uniform porous medium, the top portion of said rooting medium providing a surface area; grass having growing points in said rooting medium with blades extending upwardly from said rooting medium to provide a grass cover at said surface area and roots extending downwardly into said uniform porous medium; and first and second layers of netting one of which is contiguous to said surface area and has said blades of grass extending therethrough and the other of which is adjacent to and below said rooting medium and has said roots of grass extending therethrough, said layers of netting providing protection to the growing points of said grass and enhancing the stability of said athletic playing field.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
27 words
The athletic playing field of claim 8 wherein said field includes a third layer of netting adjacent to one of said first and second layers of netting.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
47 words
The athletic playing field of claim 8 wherein said field includes a plurality of hooks one end of each of which is fastened to said layer of netting contiguous to said surface area and the other of each of which is anchored into said uniform porous medium.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
94 words
A method for enhancing the durability of turf at an area receiving heavy use, said method comprising: selecting a layer of netting having a configuration to not impede the intended use of the area in which said netting is positioned; placing in said area a first layer of said selected netting with said netting being positioned above said rooting medium of said turf so that the blades of said turf extend through said netting; and placing a second layer of netting below said rooting medium so that the roots of said turf extend therethrough.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
94 words
A method for enhancing the durability of turf at an area receiving heavy use, said method comprising: selecting a layer of netting having a configuration to not impede the intended use of the area in which said netting is positioned; placing in said area a first layer of said selected netting with said netting being positioned above said rooting medium of said turf so that the blades of said turf extend through said netting; and placing a second layer of netting below said rooting medium so that the roots of said turf extend therethrough.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
112 words
A method for enhancing the durability of turf at an area receiving heavy use, said method comprising: placing a first layer of net-like material on a base; growing grass above said first layer of net-like material and allowing said grass to grow so that the roots of said grass penetrate said first layer of said net-like material with the growing points of said grass being above said first layer of net-like material; and placing a second layer of net-like material above the growing points of said grass so that the blades of said grass extend through said second layer of net-like material whereby the turf at said area is strengthened and protected.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
112 words
A method for enhancing the durability of turf at an area receiving heavy use, said method comprising: placing a first layer of net-like material on a base; growing grass above said first layer of net-like material and allowing said grass to grow so that the roots of said grass penetrate said first layer of said net-like material with the growing points of said grass being above said first layer of net-like material; and placing a second layer of net-like material above the growing points of said grass so that the blades of said grass extend through said second layer of net-like material whereby the turf at said area is strengthened and protected.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of claim 12 wherein said method includes utilizing said area of durability enhanced turf to replace a portion of an athletic playing field whereby predetermined portions of said field are strengthened and protected.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-05-16 | 1980-11-15 | 1981-05-17 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-05-16 | 1984-11-15 | 1985-05-17 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-05-16 | 1988-11-15 | 1989-05-17 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |