Patent US5326192A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US5326192A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Methods for improving appearance and performance characteristics of turf surfaces
Assignee: C2HILL IP HOLDINGS LLC
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Filing: 1992-10-20
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Granted: 1994-07-05
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Expires: 2012-10-20
Abstract
Abstract A method for the improvement of appearance and performance characteristics of turf surfaces includes the steps of applying from about 0.1 to about 0.5 percent by weight of discrete fiber materials (14) selected from the group consisting of man-made fiber forming substances to turf growing and turf containing areas (10) and then working the discrete fiber materials into the areas. Working may allow a first portion of the fiber materials to be carried beneath the surface (11) of the area so as to promote reinforcement and anchoring of the turf (12) at the root zone level and a second portion to be at least partially exposed above the surface of the area, so as to remain visible with the turf. A related method for the improvement of appearance and performance characteristics of turf surfaces is also provided for turf propagated in previously barren surfaces.
Inventors
- 👤 W. Wayne Freed
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-07 10:50
CPC Classifications
E; E01; E01C; E01C13/00; E01C13/08; E01C13/083; A; A01; A01G; A01G20/00; E02; E02D; E02D3/00; E02D3/12; E01C2013/086
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 21
Claim 1
Independent Claim
133 words
A method for the improvement of appearance and performance characteristics of turf surfaces comprising the steps of: applying discrete fiber materials selected from the group consisting of man-made fiber forming substances to turf growing and turf containing areas, in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 0.5 percent by weight of said discrete fiber materials based upon the weight of said turf growing and turf containing material; and working said discrete fiber materials into said areas by driving said fibers into said areas to the extent that a first portion of said fiber materials is carried beneath the surface of said area, reinforcing and anchoring the turf at the root zone level and a second portion is at least partially exposed above the surface of said area, remaining visible with the turf.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
133 words
A method for the improvement of appearance and performance characteristics of turf surfaces comprising the steps of: applying discrete fiber materials selected from the group consisting of man-made fiber forming substances to turf growing and turf containing areas, in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 0.5 percent by weight of said discrete fiber materials based upon the weight of said turf growing and turf containing material; and working said discrete fiber materials into said areas by driving said fibers into said areas to the extent that a first portion of said fiber materials is carried beneath the surface of said area, reinforcing and anchoring the turf at the root zone level and a second portion is at least partially exposed above the surface of said area, remaining visible with the turf.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said step of applying includes the step of applying soil with said discrete fiber materials.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said step of applying includes the step of applying seeds with said discrete fiber materials.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said step of working includes driving said fibers completely below the surface of said area.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method, as set forth in claim 4, wherein said fibers are driven completely below the surface of said area prior to the appearance of turf at the surface.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method, as set forth in claim 4, wherein said fibers are driven completely below the surface of said area during times when turf is present at the surface.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said step of working includes intermixing of said fibers at the surface with said turf, thereby intertwining and enmeshing said fibers therewith.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method, as set forth in claim 7, including the additional step of driving at least a portion of said intertwined and enmeshed fibers beneath the surface.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
142 words
A method for the improvement of appearance and performance characteristics of turf surfaces comprising the steps of: applying discrete fiber materials selected from the group consisting of man-made fiber forming substances to turf growing and turf containing areas, in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 0.5 percent by weight of said discrete fiber materials based upon the weight of said turf growing and turf containing material; and working said discrete fiber materials into said areas; repeating said step of applying over and around growing turf; and working said fiber materials by driving said fibers into the turf to the extent that a first portion of said fiber materials is carried beneath the turf reinforcing and anchoring the turf at the root zone level and a second portion is at least partially exposed above the turf, remaining visible with the turf.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
142 words
A method for the improvement of appearance and performance characteristics of turf surfaces comprising the steps of: applying discrete fiber materials selected from the group consisting of man-made fiber forming substances to turf growing and turf containing areas, in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 0.5 percent by weight of said discrete fiber materials based upon the weight of said turf growing and turf containing material; and working said discrete fiber materials into said areas; repeating said step of applying over and around growing turf; and working said fiber materials by driving said fibers into the turf to the extent that a first portion of said fiber materials is carried beneath the turf reinforcing and anchoring the turf at the root zone level and a second portion is at least partially exposed above the turf, remaining visible with the turf.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method, as set forth in claim 9, wherein said second step of working includes driving said fibers completely below the turf.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
131 words
A method for the improvement of appearance and performance characteristics of turf surfaces comprising the steps of: applying discrete fiber materials selected from the group consisting of man-made fiber forming substances with seeds for the propagation of turf in barren areas, in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 0.5 percent by weight of discrete fiber materials based upon the weight of said barren areas; and working said discrete fiber materials into said areas by driving said fibers into said areas to the extent that a first portion of said fiber materials is carried beneath the surface of said area, reinforcing and anchoring the turf at the root zone level and a second portion is at least partially exposed above the surface of said area, remaining visible with the turf.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
131 words
A method for the improvement of appearance and performance characteristics of turf surfaces comprising the steps of: applying discrete fiber materials selected from the group consisting of man-made fiber forming substances with seeds for the propagation of turf in barren areas, in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 0.5 percent by weight of discrete fiber materials based upon the weight of said barren areas; and working said discrete fiber materials into said areas by driving said fibers into said areas to the extent that a first portion of said fiber materials is carried beneath the surface of said area, reinforcing and anchoring the turf at the root zone level and a second portion is at least partially exposed above the surface of said area, remaining visible with the turf.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method, as set forth in claim 11, wherein said step of applying includes the step of applying soil with said discrete fiber materials and seeds.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method, as set forth in claim 11, wherein said step of working includes driving said fibers completely below the surface of said barren area.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method, as set forth in claim 11, wherein said step of working includes driving said fibers partially below the surface of said barren area.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method, as set forth in claim 11, including the additional step of repeating said step of applying.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method, as set forth in claim 15, including the additional step of working said fiber materials.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method, as set forth in claim 11, including the additional step of repeating said step of applying over and around growing turf, subsequent to its appearance from said previously barren area.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method, as set forth in claim 17, including the additional step of working said fiber materials.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1997-07-04 | 1998-01-03 | 1998-07-05 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2001-07-04 | 2002-01-03 | 2002-07-05 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2005-07-04 | 2006-01-03 | 2006-07-05 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |