Patent US5209998A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US5209998A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Colored silica particles
Assignee: Xerox Corp
•
Filing: 1991-11-25
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Granted: 1993-05-11
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Expires: 2011-11-25
Abstract
Abstract Disclosed is a composition which comprises silica particles containing a water soluble dye entrapped therein, said silica particles being coated with a surfactant. The particles can be prepared by a process which comprises preparing a mixture of a surfactant and an organic solvent immiscible with water and capable of forming a stable microemulsion with water, adding to the mixture a solution of a water-soluble dye, a hydrolyzing reagent, and water to form a microemulsion of water domains within a continuous phase of the organic solvent, and adding to the microemulsion a tetraalkoxysilane, wherein the tetraalkoxysilane reacts with the hydrolyzing agent to form in each water domain a silica particle containing the water-soluble dye and coated with the surfactant. The particles are useful as colorants for various organic materials, such as dry electrostatic toners, liquid electrostatic toners, plastics, oil based inks, hot melt ink jet inks, and the like.
Inventors
- 👤 Tom A. Kavassalis
- 👤 Francoise M. Winnik
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 12:37
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08K; C08K9/00; C08K9/04; B; B82; B82Y; B82Y30/00; C08K9/10; C09; C09C; C09C1/00; C09C1/28; C09C1/30; C09C1/3063; C09C1/309; C09C3/00; C09C3/08; C09C3/10; C09C3/12; C09D; C09D11/00; C09D11/16; C09D11/30; C09D11/34; G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/09; G03G9/097; G03G9/09708; G03G9/09716; G03G9/12; G03G9/122; C01; C01P; C01P2004/00; C01P2004/60; C01P2004/62; C01P2004/64; C01P2004/80; C01P2006/00; C01P2006/22; C01P2006/60; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2982; Y10T428/2991; Y10T428/2993
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 45
Claim 1
Independent Claim
21 words
A composition which comprises silica particles containing a water soluble dye entrapped therein, said silica particles being coated with a surfactant.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
21 words
A composition which comprises silica particles containing a water soluble dye entrapped therein, said silica particles being coated with a surfactant.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein the particles have an average particle diameter of from about 10 to about 200 nanometers.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
22 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein the particles have an average particle diameter of from about 20 to about 200 nanometers.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
20 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein the dye is detectable when exposed to radiation outside the visible wavelength range.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
53 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein the particles comprise silica in an amount of from about 20 to about 80 percent by weight, dye in an amount of from about 1 to about 50 percent by weight, and surfactant in an amount of from about 5 to about 30 percent by weight.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
A toner composition comprising a resin and silica particles containing a water soluble dye entrapped therein, said silica particles being coated with a surfactant.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
24 words
A toner composition comprising a resin and silica particles containing a water soluble dye entrapped therein, said silica particles being coated with a surfactant.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
23 words
A toner composition according to claim 6 wherein the particles have an average particle diameter of from about 10 to about 500 nanometers.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
A toner composition according to claim 6 wherein the particles have an average particle diameter of from about 20 to about 200 nanometers.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
A toner composition according to claim 6 wherein the dye is detectable when exposed to radiation outside the visible wavelength range.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
54 words
A toner composition according to claim 6 wherein the particles comprise silica in an amount of from about 20 to about 80 percent by weight, dye in an amount of from about 1 to about 50 percent by weight, and surfactant in an amount of from about 5 to about 30 percent by weight.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
13 words
A toner composition according to claim 6 also containing a charge control agent.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
26 words
A toner composition according to claim 6 wherein the charge control agent is present in an amount of from 0.1 to about 4 percent by weight.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
12 words
A developer composition comprising the toner of claim 6 and carrier particles.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
50 words
A liquid developer composition comprising an organic liquid vehicle, a polymer soluble in the organic liquid vehicle, a charge control agent, and silica particles containing a water soluble dye entrapped therein, said silica particles being coated with a surfactant, wherein said silica particles are dispersed within the organic liquid vehicle.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
50 words
A liquid developer composition comprising an organic liquid vehicle, a polymer soluble in the organic liquid vehicle, a charge control agent, and silica particles containing a water soluble dye entrapped therein, said silica particles being coated with a surfactant, wherein said silica particles are dispersed within the organic liquid vehicle.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
57 words
A liquid developer composition comprising an organic liquid vehicle, a charge control agent, and toner particles comprising a resin insoluble in the organic liquid vehicle at room temperature and silica particles containing a water soluble dye entrapped therein, said silica particles being coated with a surfactant, wherein said toner particles are dispersed within the organic liquid vehicle.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
57 words
A liquid developer composition comprising an organic liquid vehicle, a charge control agent, and toner particles comprising a resin insoluble in the organic liquid vehicle at room temperature and silica particles containing a water soluble dye entrapped therein, said silica particles being coated with a surfactant, wherein said toner particles are dispersed within the organic liquid vehicle.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
92 words
A process for preparing particles which comprises preparing a mixture of a surfactant and an organic solvent immiscible with water and capable of forming a stable microemulsion with water, adding to the mixture a solution of a water-soluble dye, a hydrolyzing reagent, and water to form a microemulsion of water domains within a continuous phase of the organic solvent, and adding to the microemulsion a tetraalkoxysilane, wherein the tetraalkoxysilane reacts with the hydrolyzing agent to form in each water domain a silica particle containing the water-soluble dye and coated with the surfactant.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
92 words
A process for preparing particles which comprises preparing a mixture of a surfactant and an organic solvent immiscible with water and capable of forming a stable microemulsion with water, adding to the mixture a solution of a water-soluble dye, a hydrolyzing reagent, and water to form a microemulsion of water domains within a continuous phase of the organic solvent, and adding to the microemulsion a tetraalkoxysilane, wherein the tetraalkoxysilane reacts with the hydrolyzing agent to form in each water domain a silica particle containing the water-soluble dye and coated with the surfactant.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process according to claim 16 wherein the surfactant is present in an amount such that from about 5 to about 40 percent by weight of the oil phase comprises the surfactant.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process according to claim 16 wherein the ratio of organic solvent to water is from about 1:1 to about 15:1.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process according to claim 16 wherein the organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, substituted aromatic hydrocarbons, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process according to claim 16 wherein the dye is present in an amount such that from about 0.5 to about 30 percent by weight of the water phase comprises the dye.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 16 wherein the dye is detectable when exposed to radiation outside the visible wavelength range.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
34 words
A process according to claim 16 wherein the hydrolyzing agent is present in an amount such that from about 10 to about 60 percent by weight of the water phase comprises the hydrolyzing agent.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process according to claim 16 wherein the hydrolyzing agent is selected from the group consisting of ammonium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, organic amines, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process according to claim 16 wherein the tetraalkoxysilane is present in an amount such that from about 1 to about 30 percent by weight of the water phase comprises the tetraalkoxysilane.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process according to claim 16 wherein the tetraalkoxysilane has from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl portion.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
102 words
A process for preparing particles which comprises preparing a mixture of a surfactant and an organic solvent immiscible with water and capable of forming a stable microemulsion with water, adding to the mixture a solution of a hydrolyzing reagent and water to form a microemulsion of water domains within a continuous phase of the organic solvent, adding to the microemulsion a water-soluble dye to form a colored microemulsion, and adding to the colored microemulsion a tetraalkoxysilane, wherein the tetraalkoxysilane reacts with the hydrolyzing agent to form in each water domain a silica particle containing the water-soluble dye and coated with the surfactant.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
102 words
A process for preparing particles which comprises preparing a mixture of a surfactant and an organic solvent immiscible with water and capable of forming a stable microemulsion with water, adding to the mixture a solution of a hydrolyzing reagent and water to form a microemulsion of water domains within a continuous phase of the organic solvent, adding to the microemulsion a water-soluble dye to form a colored microemulsion, and adding to the colored microemulsion a tetraalkoxysilane, wherein the tetraalkoxysilane reacts with the hydrolyzing agent to form in each water domain a silica particle containing the water-soluble dye and coated with the surfactant.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process according to claim 26 wherein the surfactant is present in an amount such that from about 5 to about 40 percent by weight of the oil phase comprises the surfactant.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process according to claim 26 wherein the ratio of organic solvent to water is from about 1:1 to about 15:1.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process according to claim 26 wherein the organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, substituted aromatic hydrocarbons, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process according to claim 26 wherein the dye is present in an amount such that from about 0.5 to about 30 percent by weight of the water phase comprises the dye.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 26 wherein the dye is detectable when exposed to radiation outside the visible wavelength range.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
34 words
A process according to claim 26 wherein the hydrolyzing agent is present in an amount such that from about 10 to about 60 percent by weight of the water phase comprises the hydrolyzing agent.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process according to claim 26 wherein the hydrolyzing agent is selected from the group consisting of ammonium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, organic amines, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process according to claim 26 wherein the tetraalkoxysilane is present in an amount such that from about 1 to about 30 percent by weight of the water phase comprises the tetraalkoxysilane.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process according to claim 26 wherein the tetraalkoxysilane has from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl portion.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
59 words
A process for forming images which comprises (1) forming an electrostatic latent image on an imaging member; (2) developing the latent image with a toner comprising a resin and colorant particles which comprise silica particles containing a water soluble dye entrapped therein, said silica particles being coated with a surfactant; and (3) transferring the developed image to a substrate.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
59 words
A process for forming images which comprises (1) forming an electrostatic latent image on an imaging member; (2) developing the latent image with a toner comprising a resin and colorant particles which comprise silica particles containing a water soluble dye entrapped therein, said silica particles being coated with a surfactant; and (3) transferring the developed image to a substrate.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
34 words
A hot melt ink jet ink which comprises a binder, a propellant, and colorant particles which comprise silica particles containing a water soluble dye entrapped therein, said silica particles being coated with a surfactant.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
34 words
A hot melt ink jet ink which comprises a binder, a propellant, and colorant particles which comprise silica particles containing a water soluble dye entrapped therein, said silica particles being coated with a surfactant.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1996-05-10 | 1996-11-09 | 1997-05-11 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2000-05-10 | 2000-11-09 | 2001-05-11 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2004-05-10 | 2004-11-09 | 2005-05-11 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |