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US5147744A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

MICR processes with colored encapsulated compositions

Assignee: Xerox Corp
•
Filing: 1991-02-28
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Granted: 1992-09-15
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Expires: 2011-02-28
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Abstract

Abstract A colored magnetic encapsulated toner composition comprised of a core comprised of a polymer binder, magnetic metal particles, whitener, color pigment, dye or mixtures thereof, and which core is encapsulated in a polymeric shell, and wherein the toner surface comprises an optional conductive metal oxide, or metal oxides and an optional release additive, or additives.

Inventors

  • 👤 Guerino G. Sacripante
  • 👤 Richard P. N. Veregin
  • 👤 Beng S. Ong
  • 👤 Padam K. Angra

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-11-09 03:50
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/083; G03G9/0835; G03G9/0831; G03G9/0832; G03G9/093; G03G9/09307; G03G9/09335; G03G9/09342; G03G9/097; G03G9/09708; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S430/00; Y10S430/001; Y10S430/104

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 28
Claim 1
Independent Claim 141 words
A colored magnetic encapsulated toner composition consisting essentially of a core comprised of a polymer binder, magnetic metal particles, whitener, color pigment, dye or mixtures thereof, and which core is encapsulated in a polymeric shell, and wherein the toner surface comprises conductive metal oxide, or metal oxides and an optional release additive, or additives; and wherein the magnetic metal particles exhibit a magnetic saturation moment of from about 85 to about 400 emu per gram, a remanence of from about 25 to about 300 Gauss, a coercivity of from about 70 to about 1,600 Oersteds, and where the ratio of the magnetic saturation moment in emu per gram to the coercivity in Oersteds is from about 2 to 1 to about 1 to 5, and wherein the average particle diameter of the toner is from about 0.5 to about 6 microns.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 141 words
A colored magnetic encapsulated toner composition consisting essentially of a core comprised of a polymer binder, magnetic metal particles, whitener, color pigment, dye or mixtures thereof, and which core is encapsulated in a polymeric shell, and wherein the toner surface comprises conductive metal oxide, or metal oxides and an optional release additive, or additives; and wherein the magnetic metal particles exhibit a magnetic saturation moment of from about 85 to about 400 emu per gram, a remanence of from about 25 to about 300 Gauss, a coercivity of from about 70 to about 1,600 Oersteds, and where the ratio of the magnetic saturation moment in emu per gram to the coercivity in Oersteds is from about 2 to 1 to about 1 to 5, and wherein the average particle diameter of the toner is from about 0.5 to about 6 microns.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 17 words
A colored toner in accordance with claim 1 wherein the magnetic metal particles are comprised of cobalt.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 60 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the magnetic particles have an average particle diameter of from about 0.8 to about 4 microns, a magnetic saturation moment of from about 90 to about 200 emu per gram, a remanence of from about 30 to about 200 Gauss, and a coercivity of from about 80 to about 800 Oersteds.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 82 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the magnetic material is selected from the group consisting of cobalt, iron, cobalt-iron alloys, cobalt alloys where the alloyed metal is selected from nickel, chromium, vanadium, manganese, magnesium, molybdenum, lead, titanium, copper, aluminum, zirconium, chromium, platinum, tungsten, gold, berylium, or rare earth metals, and iron alloys where the alloyed metal is selected from nickel, chromium, vanadium, manganese, magnesium, molybdenum, lead, titanium, copper, aluminum, zirconium, chromium, platinum, tungsten, gold, berylium, or rare earth metals.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 50 words
A colored magnetic encapsulated toner in accordance with claim 1 wherein there is selected a conductive metal oxide fine powder comprised of an oxide of aluminum, antimony, barium, bismuth, cadmium, chromium, germanium, indium, lithium, magnesium, molybdenum, nickel, niobium, ruthenium, silicon, tantalum, titanium, tin, vanadium, zinc, or zirconium, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 106 words
A colored magnetic encapsulated toner in accordance with claim 1 wherein the core is derived from the polymerization of one or more addition monomers selected from the group consisting of methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl acrylate, propyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, pentyl acrylate, pentyl methacrylate, hexyl acrylate, hexyl methacrylate, heptyl acrylate, heptyl methacrylate, octyl acrylate, octyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, lauryl acrylate, lauryl methacrylate, stearyl acrylate, stearyl methacrylate, benzyl acrylate, benzyl methacrylate, ethoxypropyl acrylate, ethoxypropyl methacrylate, methylbutyl acrylate, methylbutyl methacrylate, ethylhexyl acrylate, ethylhexyl methacrylate, methoxybutyl acrylate, methoxybutyl methacrylate, cyanobutyl acrylate, cyanobutyl methacrylate, tolyl acrylate, tolyl methacrylate, styrene, and substituted styrenes.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 60 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the pigment is selected from the group consisting of Heliogen Blue, Pigment Blue 1, PV Fast Blue, Hostaperm Blue, Pigment Red 48, Lithol Scarlet, Hostaperm Red, Hostaperm Pink E, Cinquasia Magenta, Fanal Pink, Hostaperm Red, Hostaperm Green, PV Fast Green, Cinquassi Green, Microlith Brown, Bayplast Orange, mixtures thereof, and the like.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 40 words
An encapsulated colored toner in accordance with claim 1 wherein the pigment is a cyan pigment or dye, magenta pigment or dye, a yellow pigment or dye, or mixtures thereof; blue, green, red, brown pigment or dye, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 23 words
A toner in accordance with claim 1 wherein the shell is comprised of a polyester, polyurea, polyurethane, polyether, polyetherurea, polyamide, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 42 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the whitener is an inorganic white powder selected from the group consisting of powdered aluminum oxide, barium oxide, calcium carbonate, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium stearate, titanium oxide, tin oxide, and zinc oxide.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim 28 words
An encapsulated toner in accordance with claim 1 wherein the release additive is selected from the group consisting of zinc stearate, colloidal silicas, calcium stearate, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim 24 words
An encapsulated toner in accordance with claim 1 wherein the toner's volume resistivity is from about 10 4 ohm-cm to about 10 6 ohm-cm.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim 46 words
A colored magnetic toner in accordance with claim 4 wherein cobalt with an average particle size of from about 1 to 2 microns, a magnetic saturation of about 100 emu per gram, remanence of about 35 Gauss, and a coercivity of about 130 Oersteds is selected.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim 93 words
A toner in accordance with claim 1 wherein the toner is comprised of from about 3 to about 30 weight percent of shell polymer, from about 20 to about 75 weight percent of core binder, from about 1 to 20 weight percent of colored pigment, from about 20 to about 60 weight percent of magnetic material, from about 1 to about 20 weight percent of a whitening agent, from about 0.1 to about 20 weight percent of a conductive metal oxide powder, and from about 0.1 to 3 percent of a release additive.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim 18 words
A colored encapsulated toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the shell is formed by interfacial polycondensation.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim 28 words
A colored encapsulated toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the nominal signal measured by the MICR "ON-US" reader is about 60 percent to about 150 percent.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim 29 words
A magnetic image character recognition process which comprises developing the images or characters formed in a magnetic image character recognition process with the encapsulated toner composition of claim 1.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim 29 words
A magnetic image character recognition process which comprises developing the images or characters formed in a magnetic image character recognition process with the encapsulated toner composition of claim 2.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim 29 words
A magnetic image character recognition process which comprises developing the images or characters formed in a magnetic image character recognition process with the encapsulated toner composition of claim 4.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim 52 words
A magnetic image character recognition process which comprises the generation of a latent image comprised of characters in a magnetic image character recognition apparatus; thereafter developing the image with the encapsulated magnetic colored toner of claim 3; and subsequently providing the developed fused image with magnetic characters thereon to a reader/sorter device.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim 18 words
A process in accordance with claim 20 wherein toner offset and image smearing is minimized in said device.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim 16 words
A process in accordance with claim 20 wherein the magnetic metal material is comprised of cobalt.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim 82 words
A process in accordance with claim 20 wherein the magnetic metal material is selected from the group consisting of cobalt, iron, cobalt-iron alloys, cobalt alloys where the alloyed metal is selected from nickel, chromium, vanadium, manganese, magnesium, molybdenum, lead, titanium, copper, aluminum, zirconium, chromium, platinum, tungsten, gold, berylium, or rare earth metals, and iron alloys where the alloyed metal is selected from nickel, chromium, vanadium, manganese, magnesium, molybdenum, lead, titanium, copper, aluminum, zirconium, chromium, platinum, tungsten, gold, berylium, or rare earth metals.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim 101 words
An imaging process which comprises generating on a substrate latent images comprised of characters with high or low speed electronic printing devices; thereafter developing the fixed image with an encapsulated magnetic toner of claim 3, and wherein the metal magnetite has a coercivity of from about 80 to about 160 Oersteds, and a remanence of from about 25 to about 55 Gauss, and wherein the core is encapsulated within a polymeric shell which includes thereon an electroconductive material; and subsequently providing the documents with magnetic ink characters thereon to a reader/sorter device whereby toner offsetting and image smearing is substantially avoided.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim 83 words
A process which comprises generating character images in an electronic ion printing device; developing the images with an encapsulated magnetic toner of claim 1 and wherein the magnetite has a coercivity of from about 80 to about 160 Oersteds, and a remanence of from about 25 to about 55 Gauss; transferring the images to a substrate; fusing the images thereto; and subsequently providing the checks with magnetic ink characters thereon to a reader/sorter device whereby toner offsetting and image smearing is substantially avoided.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim 24 words
A toner in accordance with claim 3 wherein the release additives are comprised of metal salts of fatty acids, colloidal silicas, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim 57 words
A toner in accordance with claim 2 wherein the magnetic saturation moment is 100 emu/gram, the remanence is 35 Gauss and the coercivity is about 130 Oersteds; and wherein the metal oxide is tin oxide resulting in a toner with a volume average particle diameter of about 17 microns and a particle size distribution of about 1.33.

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1995-09-15 1996-03-16 1996-09-15 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1999-09-15 2000-03-16 2000-09-15 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 2003-09-15 2004-03-16 2004-09-15 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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