US5137827A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Diagnostic element for electrical detection of a binding reaction
Assignee: KINGCO LLC
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Filing: 1990-09-25
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Granted: 1992-08-11
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Expires: 2010-09-25
Abstract
Abstract A method is disclosed for detecting the occurrence of a binding or complex-forming reaction between specific substances by utilizing the binding reaction to modify an electrical circuit, and then measuring a change in the electrical state of the circuit. A diagnostic element useful in such a method includes a layer of a biogenic substance, such as an antigen, coated onto a non-conductive base between a pair of electrical conductors superposed on the base. Antibodies which react with the antigen are treated so that they become bound to fine electrically conductive, metallic particles. The electrically conductive particles having antibody bound thereto are then added to the antigen layer deposited on the base and allowed to react therewith. Electrically conductive particles are thereby bound to the base due to the binding reaction between the antigen and antibody to thereby form aggregates of electrically conductive particles which modify the circuit. The method of the invention is highly useful for the detection of antigens and antibodies in the blood serum of a human patient.
Inventors
- 👤 Susan J. Mroczkowski
- 👤 Kenneth A. Siegesmund
- 👤 Donald E. Yorde
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 13:02
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N33/00; G01N33/48; G01N33/50; G01N33/53; G01N33/543; G01N33/54366; G01N33/54373; G01N33/5438; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S435/00; Y10S435/817; Y10S436/00; Y10S436/806
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 21
Claim 1
Independent Claim
165 words
A diagnostic element for use in detecting a reaction between first and second members of a specific binding pair, wherein the second member of the specific binding pair is conductively labeled, said diagnostic element comprising: an electrically resistive support; an electrically resistive layer superposed on said support, the electrically resistive layer being made of a substance other than a member of the specific binding pair and which is capable of binding with one of the members of the specific binding pair; a pair of electrical conductors superposed side-by-side on the support and spaced apart to define a channel therebetween, said resistive layer defining a path which spans the conductors; wherein the path has a length effective for permitting resistive shunting of current between the conductors along the path, such that current can pass alternatively through the resistive layer and the conductively labeled member of the specific binding pair when the first and second members of the specific binding pair are disposed on the resistive layer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
165 words
A diagnostic element for use in detecting a reaction between first and second members of a specific binding pair, wherein the second member of the specific binding pair is conductively labeled, said diagnostic element comprising: an electrically resistive support; an electrically resistive layer superposed on said support, the electrically resistive layer being made of a substance other than a member of the specific binding pair and which is capable of binding with one of the members of the specific binding pair; a pair of electrical conductors superposed side-by-side on the support and spaced apart to define a channel therebetween, said resistive layer defining a path which spans the conductors; wherein the path has a length effective for permitting resistive shunting of current between the conductors along the path, such that current can pass alternatively through the resistive layer and the conductively labeled member of the specific binding pair when the first and second members of the specific binding pair are disposed on the resistive layer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
The diagnostic element of claim 1, wherein said members of the specific binding pair comprise an antigen and an antibody.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
43 words
The diagnostic element of claim 1, wherein said path has a resistance in a dry state in the range of about 10 3 to 10 6 ohms-cm, and said conductors have a resistance in a dry state of less than about 100 ohms-cm.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
The diagnostic element of claim 1, wherein said resistive layer comprises a coating formed by sputter deposition.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
46 words
The diagnostic element of claim 1, wherein said conductors comprise a pair of layers disposed side-by-side on said support, and said path comprises a channel having a width in the range of about 0.1 to 100 microns, said width being the distance between said conductive layers.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
The diagnostic element of claim 5, wherein said electrically conductive layers consist essentially of a conductive metal and have thicknesses no greater than about 5 microns.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
31 words
The diagnostic element of claim 1, wherein said support comprises a glass plate, and said resistive layer consists essentially of a composition selected from metal oxides, nitrides, oxynitrides, and combinations thereof.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
The diagnostic element of claim 1, wherein said resistive layer consists essentially of chromium oxide.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
14 words
The diagnostic element of claim 1, wherein said resistive layer consists essentially of carbon.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
18 words
The diagnostic element of claim 1, wherein said members of the specific binding pair comprise proteins or nucleotides.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
17 words
The diagnostic element of claim 1, wherein said path has a length of up to 1 cm.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
The diagnostic element of claim 1, wherein said resistive layer comprises a cermet material.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
17 words
The diagnostic element of claim 1, wherein one member of the specific binding pair is a microorganism.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
20 words
The diagnostic element of claim 1, wherein one member of the specific binding pair is a portion of a microorganism.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
17 words
The diagnostic element of claim 1, wherein one member of the specific binding pair is a hormone.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
17 words
The diagnostic element of claim 1, wherein one member of the specific binding pair is an allergen.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
17 words
The diagnostic element of claim 1, wherein one member of the specific binding pair is an enzyme.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
17 words
The diagnostic element of claim 1, wherein one member of the specific binding pair is a steroid.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
17 words
The diagnostic element of claim 1, wherein one member of the specific binding pair is a nucleotide.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
17 words
The diagnostic element of claim 1, wherein one member of the specific binding pair is a drug.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1995-08-11 | 1996-02-10 | 1996-08-11 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1999-08-11 | 2000-02-10 | 2000-08-11 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2003-08-11 | 2004-02-10 | 2004-08-11 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |