Patent US5124222A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US5124222A
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Toner and developer compositions having cleaning and lubricating additives
Assignee: Nashua Corp
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Filing: 1990-09-27
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Granted: 1992-06-23
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Expires: 2010-09-27
Abstract
Abstract Disclosed are toner compositions which comprise a toner particle having cleaning and lubricating agents added externally thereto. The cleaning and lubricating agents improve copy quality and extend the developer lifetime as they are electrically compatible with the toner particles over the duration of the developer lifetime. The external lubricating additive comprises a modified wax component having a relatively small percentage of a charge enhancing additive dissolved in a low molecular weight wax material. Optionally, the external additive may comprise amorphous silica particles and magnetite particles.
Inventors
- 👤 Jeffrey L. Clark
- 👤 Albert W. Leclair
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 12:38
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/097; G03G9/087; G03G9/08775; G03G9/08782
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim
96 words
A toner, comprising: a toner component comprising polymeric resin particles having pigment particles incorporated therein; and an external toner additive, constituting about 0.05 to 10% by weight of the toner, said external additive comprising a modified wax or wax-like composition comprising a charge enhancing additive selected from the group consisting of: quaternary ammonium salts, alkyl pyridinium halides, aromatic sulfonates and aromatic sulfates, and a low molecular weight wax or wax-like material; said composition having a charge of substantially the same polarity as that of the toner component, and having a melting range above about 45° C.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
96 words
A toner, comprising: a toner component comprising polymeric resin particles having pigment particles incorporated therein; and an external toner additive, constituting about 0.05 to 10% by weight of the toner, said external additive comprising a modified wax or wax-like composition comprising a charge enhancing additive selected from the group consisting of: quaternary ammonium salts, alkyl pyridinium halides, aromatic sulfonates and aromatic sulfates, and a low molecular weight wax or wax-like material; said composition having a charge of substantially the same polarity as that of the toner component, and having a melting range above about 45° C.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
The toner of claim 1 wherein the toner component further comprises a charge enhancing additive.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
34 words
The toner of claim 1 wherein the external additive further comprises approximately 0.05 to 0.5% by weight of the toner, of a flow aid selected from the group consisting of amorphous silica and alumina.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
34 words
The toner of claim 3 wherein the external additive further comprises approximately 0.6 to 2.0% by weight of a conductive material selected from the group consisting of magnetite, ferrite, metallic oxides and carbon black.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
26 words
The toner of claim 1 wherein the pigment particles of the toner component are selected from the group consisting of carbon black, magnetite, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
32 words
The toner of claim 5 wherein the toner component comprises approximately 70-95% of a styrene butadiene copolymer, 3 to 55% of pigment particles and 0.5 to 4% of a charge enhancing additive.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
38 words
The composition of claim 6 wherein the toner comprises the toner component and about 0.05 to 10% by weight of external additives selected from the group consisting of the modified wax material, amorphous silica, magnetite, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
20 words
The toner of claim 7 wherein a major portion of the external toner additive is free-flowing within the toner composition.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
45 words
The toner of claim 8 wherein the low molecular weight wax or wax-like composition is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene waxes, linear polypropylene waxes, branched polypropylene waxes, higher polymeric alkene waxes, fluorinated polymers, fatty acids, metal salts of fatty acids and mixtures thereof.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
15 words
The toner of claim 1 wherein the charge enhancing additive is distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
12 words
A developer comprising the toner composition of claim 1 and carrier particles.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
26 words
The developer of claim 11 wherein the carrier particles are coated or uncoated particles selected from the group consisting of glass, steel, nickel, iron, and ferrite.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
44 words
An imaging method, comprising the steps of: generating an electrostatic latent image on a photoconductive imaging member; developing the latent image with the developer composition of claim 12; transferring the developed image to a permanent substrate; and permanently affixing the image to the substrate.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1995-06-23 | 1995-12-23 | 1996-06-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1999-06-23 | 1999-12-23 | 2000-06-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2003-06-23 | 2003-12-23 | 2004-06-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |