Styrene butadiene plasticizer toner composition blends

Claim 2

An improved positively charged toner composition consisting essentially of (1) a styrene butadiene copolymer plasticizer blend, wherein during emulsion polymerization the plasticizer prior to acid coagulation functions as a surfactant, and hydrophobic portion of the surfactant being incorporated into the toner resin and the hydrophilic portion of the surfactant extending away from said toner particles, containing from about 92 percent by weight to about 97 percent by weight of styrene butadiene copolymer, and from about 3 percent by weight to about 8 percent by weight of plasticizer, the styrene butadiene copolymer having a weight average molecular weight of from about 45,000 to about 155,000, and a number average molecular weight of from about 7,000 to about 25,000, the copolymer containing from about 85 percent by weight of styrene to about 93 percent by weight of styrene, and from about 7 percent by weight of butadiene to about 15 percent by weight of butadiene, (2) pigment particles, and (3) a charge enhancing additive.

Claim 3

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the styrene butadiene copolymer resin plasticizer composition blend is present in an amount of from about 40 percent by weight to about 94.50 percent by weight, the pigment particles are present in an amount of from about 5 percent by weight to about 60 percent by weight, and the charge enhancing additive is present in an amount of from about 0.50 percent by weight to about 5 percent by weight.

Claim 4

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the resin blend is present in an amount of 93 percent by weight, the pigment particles are present in an amount of 6 percent by weight, and the charge enhancing additive is present in an amount of 1 percent by weight.

Claim 5

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the resin blend consists of 95 percent by weight of the styrene butadiene copolymer, and 5 percent by weight of the plasticizer.

Claim 6

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the plasticizer is derived from a surfactant comprised of the sodium salt of a carboxylic acid prepared by the disproportionation of wood rosins, by treating this surfactant with a coagulating composition.

Claim 7

A toner composition in accordance with claim 5 wherein the coagulating composition is sulfuric acid.

Claim 8

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the pigment particles are carbon black, or magnetites.

Claim 9

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein the charge enhancing additive is an alkyl pyridinium halide, an aromatic sulfonate, or aromatic sulfate.

Claim 10

A toner composition in accordance with claim 8, wherein the alkyl pyridinium halide is cetyl pyridinium chloride.

Claim 11

A toner composition in accordance with claim 8 wherein the sulfonate charge enhancing additive is stearyl dimethyl phenethyl ammonium para-toluene sulfonate.

Claim 12

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the toner composition has a triboelectric charge of from about 10 microcoulombs per gram to about 40 microcoulombs per gram.

Claim 13

An improved developer composition consisting essentially of the toner particles of claim 1, and carrier particles.

Claim 14

An improved developer composition in accordance with claim 12, wherein the carrier particles consist of a steel core coated with a polyvinylidene fluoride resin.

Claim 15

A method for developing images in a xerographic imaging system, consisting essentially of charging the imaging member negatively, contacting the negatively charged image with the improved developer composition of claim 13, transferring the developed image to a suitable substrate, and optionally permanently affixing the image thereto.

Claim 16

A method of imaging in accordance with claim 14 wherein the copolymer plasticizer blend consists of 95 percent by weight of the styrene butadiene copolymer, and 5 percent by weight of the plasticizer.

Claim 17

A method of imaging in accordance with claim 14 wherein the plasticizer is derived from a surfactant comprised of the sodium salt of a carboxylic acid functionally prepared from the disproportionation of wood rosin, by reacting the surfactant with a coagulating composition.

Claim 18

A method of imaging in accordance with claim 14 wherein the charge enhancing additive is an alkyl pyridium halide, or organic sulfonate composition.

Claim 19

A method of imaging in accordance with claim 14 wherein the imaging member is comprised of a substrate, a photogenerating layer, and a charge transport layer.

Claim 20

A method of imaging in accordance with claim 14 wherein the imaging member contains a photogenerating layer of trigonal selenium, metal phthalocyanines, metal free phthalocyanines, or vanadyl phthalocyanine.

Claim 21

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein the composition has a glass transition temperature of from about 55 degrees Centigrade to about 62 degrees Centigrade, a fusing temperature latitude of from about 100 degrees Centigrade to about 120 degrees Centigrade, a blocking temperature of from about 115 degrees Centigrade to about 130 degrees Centigrade, and a melt viscosity of from about 5 to about 80.

Claim 22

An improved positively charged toner composition consisting essentially of (1) a styrene butadiene copolymer plasticizer blend, containing from about 92 percent by weight to about 97 percent by weight of a styrene butadiene copolymer, and from about 3 percent by weight to about 8 percent by weight of a plasticizer, the styrene butadiene copolymer having a weight average molecular weight of from about 45,000 to about 155,000, and a number average molecular weight of from about 7,000 to about 25,000, the copolymer containing from about 85 percent by weight of styrene to about 93 percent by weight of styrene, and from about 7 percent by weight of butadiene to about 15 percent by weight of butadiene, and wherein the plasticizer is derived from a surfactant comprised of the sodium salt of a carboxylic acid prepared by the disproportionation of wood rosins by reacting the surfactant with a sulfuric acid coagulating composition; (2) pigment particles; and (3) a charge enhancing additive in an amount of from about 0.50 percent by weight to about 5 percent by weight.

Claim 23

An improved positively charged toner composition consisting essentially of (1) a styrene butadiene copolymer plasticizer blend, containing from about 92 percent by weight to about 97 percent by weight of a styrene butadiene copolymer, and from about 3 percent by weight to about 8 percent by weight of a plasticizer, the styrene butadiene copolymer having a weight average molecular weight of from about 45,000 to about 155,000, and a number average molecular weight of from about 7,000 to about 25,000, the copolymer containing from about 85 percent by weight of styrene to about 93 percent by weight of styrene, and from about 7 percent by weight of butadiene to about 15 percent by weight of butadiene, and wherein the plasticizer is derived from a surfactant comprised of the sodium salt of a carboxylic acid prepared by the disproportionation of wood rosins by reacting the surfactant with a sulfuric acid coagulating composition; (2) pigment particles; and (3) a charge enhancing additive in an amount of from about 0.50 percent by weight to about 5 percent by weight.

Claim 24

An improved toner composition in accordance with claim 21 wherein the plasticizer composition is attached to the toner resin particles during processing by emulsion polymerization.

Claim 25

An improved toner composition in accordance with claim 21 wherein the resulting toner particles possess improved flowability characteristics and desirable minimum fix temperatures.

Claim 26

An improved toner composition in accordance with claim 21 wherein the fusing temperature latitude of the toner composition ranges from about 60° F. to greater than about 120° F.

Claim 27

An improved toner composition in accordance with claim 21 wherein the toner composition possesses a blocking temperature of from about 115° F. to about 130° F.

Claim 28

An improved toner composition in accordance with claim 21 wherein the coagulating agent is hydrochloric acid, or acetic acid.

Claim 29

An improved developer composition comprised of the toner particles of claim 21 and carrier particles.

Claim 30

An improved developer composition in accordance with claim 27 wherein the carrier particles consist of a steel core coated with a polyvinylidenefluoride resin.

Claim 31

An improved toner composition in accordance with claim 21 wherein the melt viscosity of said toner particles is from about 5 to about 80.