US5124178A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Skid-resistant surface marking material
Assignee: 3M Co
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Filing: 1991-07-09
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Granted: 1992-06-23
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Expires: 2011-07-09
Abstract
Abstract A skid-resistant, surface marking material is disclosed. The skid-resistant, surface marking material comprises a polymer matrix phase and a plurality of opaque ceramic spheroids partially embedded in and protruding from the top surface of the matrix layer. The ceramic spheroids have rounded surfaces and no substantial points.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert A. Haenggi
- 👤 James A. Laird
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 14:30
CPC Classifications
C; C04; C04B; C04B41/00; C04B41/80; C04B41/81; C04B26/00; C04B26/02; C04B26/10; C04B26/16; C04B41/45; C04B41/4584; E; E01; E01F; E01F9/00; E01F9/50; E01F9/506; E01F9/512
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim
106 words
A method of making a skid-resistant, surface marking material comprising the steps of: a) providing a base sheet; b) coating at least a portion of the base sheet with a liquid, polymer matrix layer having a top surface; c) embedding a plurality of opaque ceramic spheroids in the matrix layer, wherein the ceramic spheroids have rounded surfaces and no substantial points, and wherein the ceramic spheroids have a Krumbein roundness of at least 0.8; and d) during the liquid matrix layer to form a solid polymer matrix layer wherein the ceramic spheroids are partially embedded in and protrude from the top surface of the matrix layer.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
106 words
A method of making a skid-resistant, surface marking material comprising the steps of: a) providing a base sheet; b) coating at least a portion of the base sheet with a liquid, polymer matrix layer having a top surface; c) embedding a plurality of opaque ceramic spheroids in the matrix layer, wherein the ceramic spheroids have rounded surfaces and no substantial points, and wherein the ceramic spheroids have a Krumbein roundness of at least 0.8; and d) during the liquid matrix layer to form a solid polymer matrix layer wherein the ceramic spheroids are partially embedded in and protrude from the top surface of the matrix layer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said ceramic spheroids comprise 3 to 97 parts by weight of a vitreous matrix phase and 3 to 97 parts by weight of a crystalline phase.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method of claim 2, wherein the vitreous matrix phase comprises a material selected from the group consisting of nepheline syenite, basalt, feldspar, shale, argillite, pyroxene, talc, wollastonite, and mixture thereof.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 2, wherein the vitreous matrix phase comprises a clay material.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 4, wherein the clay is selected from the group consisting of kaolin, bentonite, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 2, wherein the crystalline phase comprises a material selected from the group consisting of alumina, mullite, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
72 words
A method of imparting skid resistance to a surface, comprising the step of painting the surface with a composition comprising a polymer matrix material and a plurality of opaque, skid resistant ceramic spheroids having rounded surfaces and no substantial points, and wherein the ceramic spheroids have a Krumbein roundness of at least 0.8, and wherein the ceramic spheroids are partially embedded in and protrude from the top surface of the matrix material.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
72 words
A method of imparting skid resistance to a surface, comprising the step of painting the surface with a composition comprising a polymer matrix material and a plurality of opaque, skid resistant ceramic spheroids having rounded surfaces and no substantial points, and wherein the ceramic spheroids have a Krumbein roundness of at least 0.8, and wherein the ceramic spheroids are partially embedded in and protrude from the top surface of the matrix material.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of claim 7, wherein said ceramic spheroids comprise 3 to 97 parts by weight of a vitreous matrix phase and 3 to 97 parts by weight of a crystalline phase.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method of claim 8, wherein the vitreous matrix phase comprises a material selected from the group consisting of nepheline syenite, basalt, feldspar, shale, argillite, pyroxene, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 8, wherein the vitreous matrix phase comprises a clay material.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 10, wherein the clay is selected from the group consisting of kaolin, talc, bentonite, wollastonite, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 8, wherein the crystalline phase comprises a material selected from the group consisting of alumina, mullite, and mixtures thereof.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1995-06-23 | 1995-12-23 | 1996-06-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1999-06-23 | 1999-12-23 | 2000-06-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2003-06-23 | 2003-12-23 | 2004-06-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |