US5094741A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Decoupled flow and pressure setpoints in an extraction instrument using compressible fluids
Assignee: Agilent Technologies Inc
•
Filing: 1990-05-18
•
Granted: 1992-03-10
•
Expires: 2010-05-18
Abstract
Abstract Methods and apparatus for extracting sample components from complex matrices using supercritical fluid as the principal extracting solvent are disclosed. The invention takes advantage of the fact that the solvent power of a supercritical fluid is stepwise settable by the parameters of density, modifier concentration, and temperature. Accordingly, methods and apparatus for extracting a component from a sample using fluid flow system having a variable and controllable flow restriction are disclosed. The methods of the present invention comprise the steps of inserting the sample into the sample container section, inputting temperature, pressure, flow rate and extraction time set points. Flow rate is controlled and system pressure regulated by the variable flow restriction. The invention contemplates opening and closing an orifice in order to control the variable flow restriction, or closing the orifice until set point pressure is achieved and controlling the restriction of the orifice to maintain the set point pressure. The present invention also discloses apparatus for the extraction of components from a sample which include means for regulating the pressure and flow rate of a supercritical extraction solvent.
Inventors
- 👤 Lenore R. Frank
- 👤 Christoper M. Wurm
- 👤 Paul C. Dryden
- 👤 Steven J. Engel
- 👤 Mark A. Nickerson
- 👤 Ernest Zerenner
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 22:43
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01D; B01D11/00; B01D11/02; B01D11/0203; G; G01; G01N; G01N30/00; G01N30/02; G01N30/26; G01N30/28; G01N30/32; G01N2030/324
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
192 words
Apparatus for the extraction of components from a sample comprising: one or more sources of solvent fluid; one or more extraction solvent fluid input ports; a high pressure pump; a pressure transducer to measure the pressure of the fluid delivered by the high pressure pump; an extraction chamber flow system comprising an extraction chamber for retaining the sample in the flow stream of the fluid and a sample input module for containing the sample in the extraction chamber; a bypass flow system which routes fluid flow around said extraction chamber section; means for merging the bypass flow system and extraction chamber flow system together; sample collection means for separating the extracting solvent fluid from components from said sample, comprising at least one nozzle and trap subassembly; valve means for selectively connecting the one or more sources of solvent fluid and the nozzle; a flow transducer; at least one sample collection vessel, whereby pressurized liquid is flowed through the sample under independently predetermined and controlled conditions of flow and pressure and at the pressurized fluid dissolves one or more selected components from the sample, said components being collected by the sample collection vessel.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
192 words
Apparatus for the extraction of components from a sample comprising: one or more sources of solvent fluid; one or more extraction solvent fluid input ports; a high pressure pump; a pressure transducer to measure the pressure of the fluid delivered by the high pressure pump; an extraction chamber flow system comprising an extraction chamber for retaining the sample in the flow stream of the fluid and a sample input module for containing the sample in the extraction chamber; a bypass flow system which routes fluid flow around said extraction chamber section; means for merging the bypass flow system and extraction chamber flow system together; sample collection means for separating the extracting solvent fluid from components from said sample, comprising at least one nozzle and trap subassembly; valve means for selectively connecting the one or more sources of solvent fluid and the nozzle; a flow transducer; at least one sample collection vessel, whereby pressurized liquid is flowed through the sample under independently predetermined and controlled conditions of flow and pressure and at the pressurized fluid dissolves one or more selected components from the sample, said components being collected by the sample collection vessel.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a port means located in a further portion of the apparatus.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the port means is located at the inlet to the nozzle and trap subassembly.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
22 words
The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the valve means is disposed immediately upstream of the inlet to the nozzle and trap subassembly
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus of claim 4, further comprising a filter means disposed between the valve means and the nozzle and trap subassembly.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
16 words
The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the valve means is comprised of a three port valve.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
17 words
The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the port means is located downstream of the bypass flow system.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
17 words
The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the port means is located upstream of the bypass flow system.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the port means is located downstream of the high pressure pump.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
17 words
The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the port means is located upstream of the high pressure pump.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
81 words
The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a first valve means, having two positions, for selectively connecting the high pressure pump to the nozzle trap subassembly in a first position and for connecting the high pressure pump to a port located upstream of the extraction chamber flow system and bypass flow system in a second position; and a second valve means for selectively connecting the one or more sources of solvent fluid and a port upstream of the high pressure pump.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
22 words
The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising apparatus for decreasing the concentration of an extraction solution within a supercritical fluid extraction apparatus.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the bypass and extraction flow systems further comprise one or more means for controlling flow.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
16 words
The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising a restriction means placed in the bypass flow system.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
16 words
The apparatus of claim 14, further comprising a restriction means placed in the extraction flow system.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
26 words
The apparatus of claim 14, wherein said restriction means selectively varies the degree of restriction, whereby fluid is apportioned between the bypass and extraction flow systems.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
43 words
The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising one or more means for controlling flow; and mass flow sensor means, whereby the means for controlling flow selectively adjusts the flow through the bypass flow system thereby varying the flow through the extraction flow system.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
GB1177219A
Cited
US4345976A
Cited
US4168324A
Cited
BE868151A
Cited
US4283280A
Cited
JPS5585247A
Cited
DE2853065A1
Cited
DE2855191A1
Cited
US4341804A
Cited
US4313828A
Cited
US4246291A
Cited
US4247385A
Cited
US4349415A
Cited
US4375387A
Cited
US4250331A
Cited
US4308200A
Cited
US4406742A
Cited
US4363717A
Cited
US4354922A
Cited
EP0065106A2
Cited
US4632837A
Cited
US4500432A
Cited
US4397731A
Cited
US4437938A
Cited
US4437939A
Cited
US4388171A
Cited
US4451363A
Cited
US4451364A
Cited
US4438816A
Cited
US4449586A
Cited
US4400559A
Cited
US4447310A
Cited
US4457846A
Cited
US4474994A
Cited
DD211580A1
Cited
GB2132223A
Cited
US4448669A
Cited
US4422966A
Cited
US4495095A
Cited
JPS59186975A
Cited
EP0125690A2
Cited
US4568495A
Cited
DE3323940A1
Cited
JPS6062773A
Cited
US4457812A
Cited
JPS6058498A
Cited
US4601906A
Cited
JPS6092397A
Cited
US4547292A
Cited
US4478715A
Cited
JPS60105690A
Cited
JPS60116641A
Cited
US4493797A
Cited
US4512899A
Cited
JPS60199891A
Cited
EP0156374A2
Cited
JPS60229996A
Cited
JPS6035057A
Cited
EP0171079A2
Cited
JPS6172096A
Cited
US4597943A
Cited
US4584140A
Cited
US5004538A
Cited
US4840730A
Cited
US4984602A
Cited
EP0275933A2
Cited
US4816159A
Cited
US4871453A
Cited
US5013443A
Cited
US4892654A
Cited
US4969993A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1995-03-10 | 1995-09-09 | 1996-03-10 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1999-03-10 | 1999-09-09 | 2000-03-10 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2003-03-10 | 2003-09-09 | 2004-03-10 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |