US5019477A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Vinyltoluene and styrene copolymers as resins for liquid electrostatic toners
Assignee: Dx Imaging Inc
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Filing: 1989-07-05
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Granted: 1991-05-28
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Expires: 2009-07-05
Abstract
Abstract A liquid electrostatic developer comprising: (a) a non-polar liquid having a kauributanol value of less than 30; (b) thermoplastic resin particles comprised of a mixture of (1) a polyethylene homopolymer or a copolymer of (i) polyethylene and (ii) acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or the alkyl esters thereof, wherein (ii) comprises 0.1-20 weight percent of said copolymer and (2) a random copolymer of (iii) selected from the group consisting of vinyltoluene and styrene and (iv) selected from the group consisting of butadiene and acrylate, wherein said thermoplastic resin particles are dispersed in said non-polar liquid form; and (c) an ionic or zwitterionic charge director compound which is soluble in said non-polar liquid.
Inventors
- 👤 Thomas C. Felder
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 12:43
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/12; G03G9/13; G03G9/131
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 20
Claim 1
Independent Claim
116 words
A liquid electrostatic developer consisting essentially of: (a) a non-polar liquid having a kauri-butanol value of less than 30; (b) thermoplastic resin particles comprising a mixture of (1) a polyethylene homopolymer or a copolymer of (i) ethylene and (ii) acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or the alkyl esters thereof, wherein (ii) comprises about 0.1-20 weight percent of said copolymer and (2) a random copolymer of (iii) a monomer selected from the group consisting of vinyltoluene and styrene and (iv) a monomer selected from the group consisting of butadiene and acrylate, wherein said thermoplastic resin particles are dispersed in said non-polar liquid; and (c) an ionic or zwitterionic charge director compound which is soluble in said non-polar liquid.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
116 words
A liquid electrostatic developer consisting essentially of: (a) a non-polar liquid having a kauri-butanol value of less than 30; (b) thermoplastic resin particles comprising a mixture of (1) a polyethylene homopolymer or a copolymer of (i) ethylene and (ii) acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or the alkyl esters thereof, wherein (ii) comprises about 0.1-20 weight percent of said copolymer and (2) a random copolymer of (iii) a monomer selected from the group consisting of vinyltoluene and styrene and (iv) a monomer selected from the group consisting of butadiene and acrylate, wherein said thermoplastic resin particles are dispersed in said non-polar liquid; and (c) an ionic or zwitterionic charge director compound which is soluble in said non-polar liquid.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
21 words
A liquid electrostatic developer as in claim 1, wherein said random copolymer is a copolymer of (iii) vinyltoluene and (iv) acrylate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
31 words
A liquid electrostatic developer as in claim 1, wherein said thermoplastic resin particles comprise a mixture of (1) a polyethylenemethacrylic acid copolymer and (2) a random copolymer of vinyltoluene and acrylate.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
27 words
A liquid electrostatic developer as in claim 1, wherein said thermoplastic resin particles comprise from about 5 to about 50 percent by weight of said random copolymer.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
23 words
A liquid electrostatic developer as in claim 1, wherein said thermoplastic resin particles comprise about 20-30 percent by weight of said random copolymer.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
A liquid electrostatic developer as in claim 1, wherein the alkyl group of said ester comprises 1-5 carbons.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
A liquid electrostatic developer as in claim 1, further comprising a colorant.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
23 words
A liquid electrostatic developer as in claim 7, wherein said colorant is selected from the group consisting of a pigment and a dye.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
34 words
A liquid electrostatic developer as in claim 7, wherein said colorant is contained in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 60% by weight of the total weight of solids in the developer.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
A liquid electrostatic developer as in claim 1, further comprising a negative charge adjuvant.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
17 words
A liquid electrostatic developer as in claim 10, wherein said negative charge adjuvant is a metallic soap.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
15 words
A liquid electrostatic developer as in claim 11, wherein said metallic soap is aluminum stearate.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
31 words
A liquid electrostatic developer as in claim 1, wherein said ionic or zwitterionic charge director compound is selected from the group consisting of oil soluble petroleum sulfonate, alkyl succinimide and lecithin.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
31 words
A liquid electrostatic developer as in claim 1, wherein said thermoplastic resin particles comprise from about 50 to 99 percent by weight of the total weight of solids in the developer.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
29 words
A liquid electrostatic developer as in claim 1, wherein said ionic or zwitterionic charge director compound comprises from about 0.25 to about 1,500 mg/g of solids in the developer.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
78 words
A liquid electrostatic developer comprising: (a) a non-polar liquid having a kauri-butanol value of less than 30; (b) thermoplastic resin particles comprising a mixture of (1) a polyethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer, wherein the methacrylic acid comprises about 0.1-20 weight percent of said copolymer and (2) a random copolymer of vinyltoluene and acrylate, wherein said thermoplastic resin particles are dispersed in said non-polar liquid; and (c) an ionic or zwitterionic charge director compound which is soluble in said non-polar liquid.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
78 words
A liquid electrostatic developer comprising: (a) a non-polar liquid having a kauri-butanol value of less than 30; (b) thermoplastic resin particles comprising a mixture of (1) a polyethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer, wherein the methacrylic acid comprises about 0.1-20 weight percent of said copolymer and (2) a random copolymer of vinyltoluene and acrylate, wherein said thermoplastic resin particles are dispersed in said non-polar liquid; and (c) an ionic or zwitterionic charge director compound which is soluble in said non-polar liquid.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
92 words
A liquid electrostatic developer comprising: (a) a non-polar liquid having a kauri-butanol value of less than 30; (b) thermoplastic resin particles comprising a mixture of (1) a polyethylene homopolymer or a copolymer of (i) ethylene and (ii) acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or the alkyl esters thereof, wherein (ii) comprises about 0.1-20 weight percent of said copolymer and (2) a random copolymer of vinyltoluene and acrylate wherein said thermoplastic resin particles are dispersed in said non-polar liquid; and (c) an ionic or zwitterionic charge director compound which is soluble in said non-polar liquid.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
92 words
A liquid electrostatic developer comprising: (a) a non-polar liquid having a kauri-butanol value of less than 30; (b) thermoplastic resin particles comprising a mixture of (1) a polyethylene homopolymer or a copolymer of (i) ethylene and (ii) acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or the alkyl esters thereof, wherein (ii) comprises about 0.1-20 weight percent of said copolymer and (2) a random copolymer of vinyltoluene and acrylate wherein said thermoplastic resin particles are dispersed in said non-polar liquid; and (c) an ionic or zwitterionic charge director compound which is soluble in said non-polar liquid.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1994-05-27 | 1994-11-26 | 1995-05-28 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1998-05-27 | 1998-11-26 | 1999-05-28 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2002-05-27 | 2002-11-26 | 2003-05-28 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |