US4868006A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Polymeric film with reduced surface friction
Assignee: 3M Co
•
Filing: 1988-04-27
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Granted: 1989-09-19
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Expires: 2008-04-27
Abstract
Abstract Semicrystalline polymers can have predetermined amounts of their surfaces rendered amorphous or quasi-amorphous by irradiation. Further treatment of these polymer surfaces which have been so modified, such as crystallization, can produce surfaces with reduced coefficients of friction.
Inventors
- 👤 Elaine M. Yorkgitis
- 👤 Samuel Smith
- 👤 Andrew J. Ouderkirk
- 👤 Douglas S. Dunn
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 16:07
CPC Classifications
B; B29; B29C; B29C71/00; B29C71/0063; B29C59/00; B29C59/16; C; C08; C08J; C08J7/00; C08J7/02; B29C35/00; B29C35/02; B29C35/08; B29C35/0805; B29C2035/0827; B29K; B29K2069/00; B29K2995/00; B29K2995/0037; B29K2995/0039; B29K2995/0041
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim
121 words
A process for modifying the surface of a semicrystalline polymer which process comprises irradiating at least one surface of a semicrystalline polymer composition with radiation which is absorbed by said composition, controlling the intensity and fluence of said radiation exposure such that the energy of irradiation on said at least one surface is between 3 and 25 ML/cm 2 with a pulsewidth between 10 nanoseconds and 100 microseconds, so that semicrystalline polymer on said surface is melted, allowing said melted polymer to cool at a rate which will form a quasi-amorphous polymeric area on said at least one surface, and then exposing said surface layer to a material which promotes crystallization within said quasi-amorphous area or exposes the underlying semicrystalline polymer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
121 words
A process for modifying the surface of a semicrystalline polymer which process comprises irradiating at least one surface of a semicrystalline polymer composition with radiation which is absorbed by said composition, controlling the intensity and fluence of said radiation exposure such that the energy of irradiation on said at least one surface is between 3 and 25 ML/cm 2 with a pulsewidth between 10 nanoseconds and 100 microseconds, so that semicrystalline polymer on said surface is melted, allowing said melted polymer to cool at a rate which will form a quasi-amorphous polymeric area on said at least one surface, and then exposing said surface layer to a material which promotes crystallization within said quasi-amorphous area or exposes the underlying semicrystalline polymer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
31 words
The process of claim 1 wherein melting occurs to a depth of at least 5 nm and said quasi-amorphous polymeric area comprises at least 80% of said at least one surface.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 1 wherein melting occurs to a depth of at least 10 nm and said polymer comprises polyethylene terephthalate.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 1 wherein melting occurs over an area of at least 30 to 100% of said at least one surface.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 2 wherein said radiation is selected from the group consisting of ultraviolet radiation, visible radiation and infrared radiation.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 4 wherein said radiation is selected from the group consisting of ultraviolet radiation, visible radiation and infrared radiation.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 5 wherein dye or pigment is present in said polymer to absorb said radiation.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 6 wherein dye or pigment is present in said polymer to absorb said radiaton.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
75 words
A process for reducing the kinetic and static coefficient of friction for a polymer surface comprising providing a polymer of poly(ethylene terephalate) having quasi-amorphous, areas on said surface, and then exposing said surface to a material chosen from the group consisting of acetone, methylene chloride, or chloroform which promotes crystallization within said areas, said crystallization causing said quasi-amorphous areas to regain their original crystallite distribution or to regain at least part of their anisotropic orientation.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
75 words
A process for reducing the kinetic and static coefficient of friction for a polymer surface comprising providing a polymer of poly(ethylene terephalate) having quasi-amorphous, areas on said surface, and then exposing said surface to a material chosen from the group consisting of acetone, methylene chloride, or chloroform which promotes crystallization within said areas, said crystallization causing said quasi-amorphous areas to regain their original crystallite distribution or to regain at least part of their anisotropic orientation.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 9 wherein said areas are quasi-amorphous and cover at least 80% of said surface.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
120 words
A process for modifying the surface of an oriented semicrystalline poly(ethylene terephthalate) film which process comprises first, irradiating at least one surface of said film with a pulsed ultraviolet light which is absorbed by said film, controlling the intensity and fluence of said radiation exposure such that the energy of irradiation on said at least one surface is between 3 and 25 mJ/cm 2 with a pulsewidth between 10 nanoseoonds and 100 microseconds, so that a thin surface layer of said film is converted to a quasi-amorphous state which persists on rapid cooling to ambient temperature and, second, exposing said surface layer to a penetrant which is effective in inducing the crystallization of normal amorphous poly(ethylene terephthalate) at 25° C.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
120 words
A process for modifying the surface of an oriented semicrystalline poly(ethylene terephthalate) film which process comprises first, irradiating at least one surface of said film with a pulsed ultraviolet light which is absorbed by said film, controlling the intensity and fluence of said radiation exposure such that the energy of irradiation on said at least one surface is between 3 and 25 mJ/cm 2 with a pulsewidth between 10 nanoseoonds and 100 microseconds, so that a thin surface layer of said film is converted to a quasi-amorphous state which persists on rapid cooling to ambient temperature and, second, exposing said surface layer to a penetrant which is effective in inducing the crystallization of normal amorphous poly(ethylene terephthalate) at 25° C.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1992-09-18 | 1993-03-20 | 1993-09-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1996-09-18 | 1997-03-20 | 1997-09-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2000-09-18 | 2001-03-20 | 2001-09-19 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |