Quaternary ammonium or phosphonium substituted peroxy carbonic acid precursors and their use in detergent bleach compositions

Claim 2

A bleach precursor compound having the formula: ##STR16## wherein: R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each a radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkaryl, aryl phenyl, hydroxyalkyl, polyoxyalkylene, and R 4 OCOL; or two or more of R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 together form an alkyl substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring system; or at least one of R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 is attached to R 4 to form an alkyl substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring system; R 4 is selected from a bridging group consisting of alkylene, cy cloalkylene, alkylenephenylene, phenylene, arylene, and polyalkoxylene; and wherein the briding group can be unsubstituted or substituted with C 1 -C 20 atoms selected from alkyl, alkenyl, benzyl, phenyl and aryl radicals; Z - is a monovalent or multivalent anion leading to charge neutrality when combined with Q + in the appropriate ratio and wherein Z - is sufficiently oxidatively stable not to interfere significantly with bleaching by a peroxy carbonic acid; Q is nitrogen or phosphorous; and L is selected from the group consisting of: ##STR17## wherein R 5 and R 6 are a C 1 -C 12 alkyl group, R 7 is H or R 5 , and Y is selected from the group consisting of --SO - 3 M + , --COO - M + , --SO - 4 M + , --N + (R 5 ) 3 X - , NO 2 , OH, and O←N(R 5 ) 2 and mixtures thereof; M + is a cation which provides solubility to the precursor, and X - is an anion which provides solubility to the precursor.

Claim 3

The precursor of claim 1 wherein M + is a hydrogen, alkali metal, ammonium or alkyl or hydroxyalkyl substituted ammonium cation, and X - is a halide, hydroxide, phosphate, sulfate, methyl sulfate or acetate anion.

Claim 4

The precursor of claim 1 wherein L has the formula: ##STR18## wherein M + is a sodium, potassium or ammonium cation.

Claim 5

The precursor of claim 1 wherein Q is nitrogen and R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each the same or different and selected from C 1 -C 20 atom radicals selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkylaryl, benzyl, hydroxyalkyl, and heterocyclic rings containing the quaternary nitrogen where R 1 and R 4 or R 1 and R 2 are joined together, and mixtures of groups thereof.

Claim 6

The precursor of claim 4 wherein R 1 is selected from short-chain C 1 -C 4 alkyl radicals.

Claim 7

The precursor of claim 5 wherein R 2 and R 3 are each a longer chain C 7 -C 20 alkyl or alkylaryl radical.

Claim 8

The precursor of claim 6 wherein said longer chain radical is selected from the group consisting of benzyl, lauryl and stearyl groups.

Claim 9

The precursor of claim 1 wherein R 4 is selected from a bridging group consisting of C 2 -C 20 alkylene C 6 -Cl 2 phenylene, C 5 -C 20 cycloalkylene, and C 8 -C 20 alkylphenylene groups.

Claim 10

The precursor of claim 8 wherein the R 4 bridging group is a C 2 -C 6 alkylene or C 6 -C 12 phenylene group.

Claim 11

The precursor of claim 4 wherein said heterocyclic ring is selected from pyridine, morpholine, pyrrolidone, piperidine and piperazine.

Claim 12

The precursor of claim 1 wherein Y is a sulfonic acid salt.

Claim 13

The precursor of claim 1 wherein the compound is 2-(N,N,N-trimethylammonium)ethyl 4-sulfophenyl carbonate salt.

Claim 14

The precursor of claim 1 wherein the compound is 2-(N-benzyl-N,N-dimethylammonium)ethyl 4-sulphophenyl carbonate salt.

Claim 15

The precursor of claim 1 wherein the compound is 2-(N-butyl-N,N-diemthylammonium)ethyl 4-sulfophenyl carbonate salt.

Claim 16

The precursor of claim 1 wherein the compound is 2-[4-(N,N,N-trimethylammonium)phenyl]ethyl 4-sulfophenyl carbonate salt.

Claim 17

The precursor of claim 1 wherein the compound is 3-(1,1-dimethylpiperidinium) 4-sulfophenyl carbonate salt.

Claim 18

The precursor of claim 1 wherein the compound is 4-(1,1-dimethylpiperidinium) 4-sulfophenyl carbonate salt.

Claim 19

A bleaching-detergent composition comprising: (i) from 1 to 60% of a peroxygen compound capable of yielding hydrogen peroxide in an aqueous solution; (ii) from 0.1 to 40% of a bleach precursor having the formula: ##STR19## wherein: R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each a radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkaryl, aryl, phenyl, hydroxyalkyl, polyoxyalkylene, and R 4 OCOL; or two or more of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 together form an alkyl substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring system; or at least one of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is attached to R 4 to form an alkyl substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring system; R 4 is selected from a bridging group consisting of alkylene, cycloalkylene, alkylenephenylene, phenylene, arylene, and polyalkoxylene; and wherein the briding group can be unsubstituted or substituted with C 1 -C 20 atoms selected from alkyl, alkenyl, benzyl, phenyl and aryl radicals; Z - is a monovalent or multivalent anion leading to charge neutrality when combined with Q + in the appropriate ratio and wherein Z - is sufficiently oxidatively stable not to interfere significantly with bleaching by a peroxy carbonic acid; Q is nitrogen or phosphorous; and L is a leaving group is selected from the group consisting of: ##STR20## wherein R 5 and R 6 are a C 1 -C 12 alkyl group, R 7 is H or R 5 , and Y is selected from the group consisting of, --SO - 3 M + , --COO - M + , --SO - 4 M + , --N + (R 5 ) 3 X - , NO 2 , OH, and O--N(R 5 ) 2 and mixtures thereof; M + is a cation which provides solubility to the precursor, and X - is an anion which provides solubility to the precursor; (iii) from 0 to 50% of a surfactant selected from the group consisting of nonionic, anionic, amphoteric and surface active mixtures thereof; and (iv) from 0 to 80% of a detergent builder.

Claim 20

A bleaching-detergent composition comprising: (i) from 1 to 60% of a peroxygen compound capable of yielding hydrogen peroxide in an aqueous solution; (ii) from 0.1 to 40% of a bleach precursor having the formula: ##STR19## wherein: R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each a radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkaryl, aryl, phenyl, hydroxyalkyl, polyoxyalkylene, and R 4 OCOL; or two or more of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 together form an alkyl substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring system; or at least one of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is attached to R 4 to form an alkyl substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring system; R 4 is selected from a bridging group consisting of alkylene, cycloalkylene, alkylenephenylene, phenylene, arylene, and polyalkoxylene; and wherein the briding group can be unsubstituted or substituted with C 1 -C 20 atoms selected from alkyl, alkenyl, benzyl, phenyl and aryl radicals; Z - is a monovalent or multivalent anion leading to charge neutrality when combined with Q + in the appropriate ratio and wherein Z - is sufficiently oxidatively stable not to interfere significantly with bleaching by a peroxy carbonic acid; Q is nitrogen or phosphorous; and L is a leaving group is selected from the group consisting of: ##STR20## wherein R 5 and R 6 are a C 1 -C 12 alkyl group, R 7 is H or R 5 , and Y is selected from the group consisting of, --SO - 3 M + , --COO - M + , --SO - 4 M + , --N + (R 5 ) 3 X - , NO 2 , OH, and O--N(R 5 ) 2 and mixtures thereof; M + is a cation which provides solubility to the precursor, and X - is an anion which provides solubility to the precursor; (iii) from 0 to 50% of a surfactant selected from the group consisting of nonionic, anionic, amphoteric and surface active mixtures thereof; and (iv) from 0 to 80% of a detergent builder.

Claim 21

The composition of claim 18 wherein the surfactant ranges from 4 to 50% and the detergent builder ranges from 5 to 70% by weight.

Claim 22

The composition of claim 18 wherein M + is a hydrogen, alkali metal, ammonium or alkyl or hydroxyalkyl substituted ammonium cation, and X - is a halide, hydroxide, phosphate, sulfate, methyl sulfate or acetate anion.

Claim 23

The composition of claim 18 wherein L has the formula: ##STR21## wherein M + is a sodium, potassium or ammonium cation.

Claim 24

The composition of claim 18 wherein Q is nitrogen and R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each the same or different and selected from C 1 -C 20 atom radicals selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkylaryl, benzyl, hydroxyalkyl, and heterocyclic rings containing the quaternary nitrogen where R 1 and R 4 or R 1 and R 2 are joined together, and mixtures of groups thereof.

Claim 25

The composition of claim 22 wherein R 1 is selected from short-chain C 1 -C 4 alkyl radicals.

Claim 26

The composition of claim 23 wherein R 2 and R 3 are each a longer chain C 7 -C 20 alkyl or alkylaryl radical.

Claim 27

The composition of claim 24 wherein said longer chain radical is selected from the group consisting of benzyl, lauryl and stearyl groups.

Claim 28

The composition of claim 18 wherein R 4 is selected from a bridging group consisting of C 2 -C 20 alkylene, C 6 -C 12 phenylene, C 5 -C 20 cycloalkylene, and C 8 -C 20 alkylphenylene groups.

Claim 29

The composition of claim 26 wherein the R 4 bridging group is a C 2 -C 6 alkylene or C 6 -C 12 phenylene group.

Claim 30

The composition of claim 22 wherein said heterocyclic ring is selected from pyridine, morpholine, pyrrolidone, piperidine and piperazine.

Claim 31

The composition of claim 18 wherein Y is a sulfonic acid salt.

Claim 32

The composition of claim 18 wherein the precursor is 2-(N,N,N-trimethylammonium)ethyl 4-sulfophenyl carbonate salt.

Claim 33

The composition of claim 18 wherein the precursor is 2-(N-benzyl-N,N-dimethylammonium)ethyl 4-sulfophenyl carbonate salt.

Claim 34

The composition of claim 18 wherein the precursor is 2-(N-butyl-N,N-dimethylammonium)ethyl 4-sulfophenyl carbonate salt.

Claim 35

The composition of claim 18 wherein the precursor is 2-[4-(N,N,N-trimethylammonium)phenyl]ethyl 4-sulfophenyl carbonate salt.

Claim 36

The composition of claim 18 wherein the precursor is 3-(1,1-dimethylpiperidinium) 4-sulfophenyl carbonate salt.

Claim 37

The composition of claim 18 wherein the precursor is 4-(1,1-dimethylpiperidinium) 4-sulfophenyl carbonate salt.