US4719145A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Catalytic process and systems
Assignee: Rohm and Haas Co
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Filing: 1986-02-21
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Granted: 1988-01-12
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Expires: 2006-02-21
Abstract
Abstract A process is provided for conducting or catalyzing a chemical reaction on a surface by depositing on the surface an adherent monolayer of positively charged polymer particles containing an active agent distributed throughout the polymer and contacting the deposited adherent monolayer with a suitable reactant. The positively charged polymer particles have diameters of less than about 3 micrometers and preferably less than 1 micrometer. The polymer particles are suspended in water to form an aqueous colloidal dispersion. The dispersion is useful as a stable catalyst system and particularly useful for complete electroless deposition of a conductive metal on printed circuit board surfaces and the walls of through-holes formed therein.
Inventors
- 👤 James W. Neely
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 17:12
CPC Classifications
C; C23; C23C; C23C18/00; C23C18/16; C23C18/18; C23C18/20; C23C18/28; H; H05; H05K; H05K3/00; H05K3/10; H05K3/18; H05K3/181; H05K3/38; H05K3/386; H05K3/387; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/25; Y10T428/254; Y10T428/256; Y10T428/257; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/31678; Y10T428/31681; Y10T428/31692; Y10T428/31696
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 29
Claim 1
Independent Claim
159 words
A process for catalyzing or conducting a reaction of one or more chemicals on a surface comprising: (a) forming a stable aqueous dispersion of positively charged polymer particles having distributed throughout at least one active agent capable of reacting with or catalyzing the reaction of said one or more chemicals at said surface by admixing an effective amount of said active agent with said dispersion of positively charged polymers, where said active agent is selected from the group consisting of one or more catalytically active metals or salts thereof, an oxidizing agent, a reducing agent, and a chemical containing oxidative or reductive functional groups, and where said particles have a particle size diameter less than about three micrometers (b) contacting said surface with said stable aqueous dispersion to deposit an adherent monolayer of said particles on said surface without chemically reacting said particles with said surface; and (c) contacting said deposited monolayer with one or more of said chemicals.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
159 words
A process for catalyzing or conducting a reaction of one or more chemicals on a surface comprising: (a) forming a stable aqueous dispersion of positively charged polymer particles having distributed throughout at least one active agent capable of reacting with or catalyzing the reaction of said one or more chemicals at said surface by admixing an effective amount of said active agent with said dispersion of positively charged polymers, where said active agent is selected from the group consisting of one or more catalytically active metals or salts thereof, an oxidizing agent, a reducing agent, and a chemical containing oxidative or reductive functional groups, and where said particles have a particle size diameter less than about three micrometers (b) contacting said surface with said stable aqueous dispersion to deposit an adherent monolayer of said particles on said surface without chemically reacting said particles with said surface; and (c) contacting said deposited monolayer with one or more of said chemicals.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 1 where said surface has a negative surface charge in the presence of water.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
53 words
The process of claim 1 where said aqueous dispersion comprises copolymers formed from a major amount of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers and mixtures thereof and minor amounts of polyethylenically unsaturated crosslinking monomers and mixtures thereof, said copolymers being functionalized with sufficient strong or a weak base to provide said copolymers with positive surface charges.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
38 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said aqueous dispersion comprises water soluble polymers formed from a monoethylenically unsaturated monomer, said polymer being functionalized with sufficient strong or a weak base to provide said polymers with positive surface charges.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
44 words
The process of claim 1 wherein at least one of said catalytically active agents distributed throughout said positively charged polymers is a metal selected from the group consisting of the platinum group of metals, nickel, tin, iron, copper, cobalt, silver, gold and mixtures thereof.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
130 words
A process for catalyzing or conducting a reaction of one or more chemicals on a surface comprising forming an aqueous dispersion of water insoluble, positively charge polymers having a particle size diameter less than about 3 micrometers, depositing said polymers as a monolayer on said surface without chemically reacting said polymers with said surface, distributing an effective amount of one or more active agents throughout said deposited monolayer of polymers on said surface, said active agent being selected from the group consisting of one or more catalytically active metals or salts thereof, an oxidizing agent, a reducing agent, and a chemical containing oxidative or reductive functional groups, and contacting said monolayer of polymers containing said effective amount of said active agent or agents with one or more of said chemicals.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
130 words
A process for catalyzing or conducting a reaction of one or more chemicals on a surface comprising forming an aqueous dispersion of water insoluble, positively charge polymers having a particle size diameter less than about 3 micrometers, depositing said polymers as a monolayer on said surface without chemically reacting said polymers with said surface, distributing an effective amount of one or more active agents throughout said deposited monolayer of polymers on said surface, said active agent being selected from the group consisting of one or more catalytically active metals or salts thereof, an oxidizing agent, a reducing agent, and a chemical containing oxidative or reductive functional groups, and contacting said monolayer of polymers containing said effective amount of said active agent or agents with one or more of said chemicals.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
121 words
A catalyst system comprising an aqueous dispersion of positively charged polymers and a catalytically effective amount of at least one active agent distributed throughout said polymers, where said polymers containing said effective amount of said active agents have particle size diameters less than about 3 micrometers, said active agent being selected from the group consisting of one or more catalytically active metals or salts thereof, an oxidizing agent, a reducing agent, and a chemical containing oxidative or reductive functional groups, said active agent for agents being catalytically active for the reaction of one or more chemicals on a surface onto which said catalyst system is deposited, and where the polymer particles adhere to said surface without chemical bonding or reaction therewith.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
121 words
A catalyst system comprising an aqueous dispersion of positively charged polymers and a catalytically effective amount of at least one active agent distributed throughout said polymers, where said polymers containing said effective amount of said active agents have particle size diameters less than about 3 micrometers, said active agent being selected from the group consisting of one or more catalytically active metals or salts thereof, an oxidizing agent, a reducing agent, and a chemical containing oxidative or reductive functional groups, said active agent for agents being catalytically active for the reaction of one or more chemicals on a surface onto which said catalyst system is deposited, and where the polymer particles adhere to said surface without chemical bonding or reaction therewith.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
47 words
The catalyst system of claim 7 where said active agent is a metal or metal salt capable of being reduced to a pure metal selected from the group consisting of platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium, osmium, rhenium, nickel, tin, copper, cobalt, iron, silver, gold and mixtures thereof.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
41 words
The catalyst system of claim 7 wherein said colloidal dispersion or solution of positively charged polymers and at least one active agent is an aqueous dispersion catalytically active for the reaction of one or more chemicals on a surface upon contact.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
10 words
The surface formed according to the process of claim 1.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
78 words
A surface comprising a monolayer of positively charged polymers having an effective amount of at least one active agent distributed throughout where the active agent is selected from the group consisting of one or more catalytically active metals or salts thereof, an oxidizing agent, reducing agent, and a chemical containing oxidative or reductive functional groups, and where the particle size diameter of the positively charged polymers containing said active agent or agents is less than about three micrometers.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
78 words
A surface comprising a monolayer of positively charged polymers having an effective amount of at least one active agent distributed throughout where the active agent is selected from the group consisting of one or more catalytically active metals or salts thereof, an oxidizing agent, reducing agent, and a chemical containing oxidative or reductive functional groups, and where the particle size diameter of the positively charged polymers containing said active agent or agents is less than about three micrometers.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
19 words
The surface of claim 11 being catalytically active for contacting a reaction of one or more chemicals upon contact.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
29 words
The composition of claim 7 where said positively charged polymers are soluble in water and are selected from the group consisting of dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate quaternized with epichlorohydrin or ethylene oxide.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition of claim 7 where said polymer particles have an average particle size of less than 0.5 micrometers.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 7 where said polymer particles have an average particle size of from about 0.11 micrometer to about 0.33 micrometer.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
25 words
The composition of claim 7 where said aqueous catalyst system comprises a concentration of catalytically active agent of at least about 5 parts per million.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
48 words
A novel electroless catalyst system comprising a stable aqueous colloidal dispersion of essentially spherical, submicron size polymer particles having positive surfaces charges and having at least one pure metal or active reductive moiety capable of initiating the electroless deposition of copper or nickel distributed throughout said polymer particles.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
48 words
A novel electroless catalyst system comprising a stable aqueous colloidal dispersion of essentially spherical, submicron size polymer particles having positive surfaces charges and having at least one pure metal or active reductive moiety capable of initiating the electroless deposition of copper or nickel distributed throughout said polymer particles.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
40 words
The novel electroless catalyst system of claim 17 further comprising the capability of acting over a pH range of from about pH 2 to about pH 13 and containing a metal concentration of at least about 5 parts per million.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
38 words
The novel electroless catalyst system of claim 17 where said metal catalytic to the electroless deposition of copper or nickel is selected from the group consisting of the platinum group of metals, nickel, cobalt, copper, silver, and gold.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
21 words
The novel electroless catalyst of claim 17 where said metal catalytic to the electroless deposition of copper or nickel is palladium.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
56 words
The process of claim 1 further comprising mixing a solution of colloidal dispersion of essentially spherical, submicron size polymer particles having positive surface charges with a known quantity of at least one salt or a reducible metal to form a polymer complex, and reducing said complex to pure metal with stoichiometric quantities of a reducing agent.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 21 wherein said reducing agent is a solution of formaldehyde and sodium hydroxide.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 21 wherein said salt is palladium chloride.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 23 where said surface is selected from the group consisting of plastics, glass, epoxy-glass laminates, and metals.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-01-11 | 1991-07-13 | 1992-01-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-01-11 | 1995-07-13 | 1996-01-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-01-11 | 1999-07-13 | 2000-01-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |