Patent US4676196A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4676196A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Absorbent material
Assignee: MARTIN FEED MILLS Ltd A CORP OF CANADA
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Filing: 1985-06-20
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Granted: 1987-06-30
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Expires: 2005-06-20
Abstract
Abstract A dried agglomerated biodegradable absorbent material for household and industrial use is disclosed, made from ingredients comprising (a) a solid odor control material which is basic, neutral or acidic, (b) a member of the group of dried alfalfa or other chlorophyll containing grasses, baking soda, finely divided paper, wood flour, sawdust, peat moss, cotton seed hulls, tomato pumice and mixtures thereof, the baking soda not being present in conjunction with an acidic odor control material, the peat moss, cotton seed hulls or tomato pumice only being present with an acidic or neutral odor control material; (c) a member of the group of Portland cement and plaster of Paris; (d) a binder of the group of starches, gum, glues and mixtures thereof; and (e) a density control agent; the ingredients being in amounts selected to provide required density, strength and water absorbent properties to the material. Most preferably the material also includes a member of the group of sand, soil, ground rock, flyash and mixtures thereof as density control agent. A method of preparation is also disclosed.
Inventors
- 👤 John S. Lojek
- 👤 Donald B. Martin
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 13:31
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09K; C09K17/00; C09K17/40; C09K17/42; A; A01; A01K; A01K1/00; A01K1/015; A01K1/0152; A01K1/0154; A01K1/0155; C09K3/00; C09K3/32
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
148 words
A dried agglomerated biodegradable absorbent material for household and industrial use, made from ingredients comprising (a) a solid non-fibrous odour control material, which is basic, neutral or acidic; (b) a member of the group consisting of dried alfalfa or other chlorophyll containing grasses, baking soda, finely divided paper, wood flour, sawdust, peat moss, cotton seed hulls and tomato pumice and mixtures thereof, said baking soda not being present with an acidic odour control material, said peat moss, cotton seed hulls and tomato pumice only being present in conjunction with an acidic or neutral odour control material; (c) a member of the group consisting of Portland cement and plaster of Paris; (d) a binder of the group consisting of starches, gum, glues and mixtures thereof; and (e) a density control agent; the ingredients being in amounts selected to provide required density, strength and water absorbent properties to said material.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
148 words
A dried agglomerated biodegradable absorbent material for household and industrial use, made from ingredients comprising (a) a solid non-fibrous odour control material, which is basic, neutral or acidic; (b) a member of the group consisting of dried alfalfa or other chlorophyll containing grasses, baking soda, finely divided paper, wood flour, sawdust, peat moss, cotton seed hulls and tomato pumice and mixtures thereof, said baking soda not being present with an acidic odour control material, said peat moss, cotton seed hulls and tomato pumice only being present in conjunction with an acidic or neutral odour control material; (c) a member of the group consisting of Portland cement and plaster of Paris; (d) a binder of the group consisting of starches, gum, glues and mixtures thereof; and (e) a density control agent; the ingredients being in amounts selected to provide required density, strength and water absorbent properties to said material.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
12 words
The material of claim 1 wherein said odour control material comprises gypsum.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
9 words
The material of claim 2 also including peat moss.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
13 words
The material of claim 2 wherein the density control agent is said gypsum.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
26 words
The material of claim 1 wherein the density control agent is a member of the group consisting of sand, soil, ground rock, flyash and mixtures thereof.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
53 words
The material of claim 1, wherein the binder consists of a member of the group consisting of starches in an amount of about 1-3% by weight of total composition, gums in an amount of about 0.5-3% by weight of total composition and glues in an amount of 2-10% by weight of total composition.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
The absorbent material of claim 1, further including a surfactant or wetting agent.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
38 words
The material of claim 1, wherein the density control agent is a member of the group consisting of sand, soil, ground rock, flyash and mixtures thereof in an amount of 50 to 90% by weight of total composition.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
The absorbent material of claim 1, wherein component (b) is present in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight of total composition.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
23 words
The absorbent material of claim 1 wherein component (a) is present in an amount of 5 to 30% by weight of total product.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein component (c) is present in an amount of 0.1 to 10% by weight.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
26 words
The absorbent material of claim 1 to be utilized as a cat litter and which has an agglomerate particle size of 1 to 5 millimeters diameter.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
22 words
The absorbent material according to claim 12 wherein the density is of the order of 20 to 30 grams per 50 mls.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
99 words
A dried agglomerated biodegradable absorbent material for househould and industrial use, made from ingredients comprising (a) limestone as basic odour control material, (b) a member of the group consisting of dried alfalfa or other chlorophyll containing grasses, baking soda, finely divided paper, wood flour, sawdust and mixtures thereof; (c) a member of the group consisting of Portland cement and plaster of Paris; (d) a binder of the group consisting of starches, gum, glues and mixtures thereof; (e) a density control agent; the ingredients being in amounts selected to provide required density, strength and water absorbent properties to said material.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
99 words
A dried agglomerated biodegradable absorbent material for househould and industrial use, made from ingredients comprising (a) limestone as basic odour control material, (b) a member of the group consisting of dried alfalfa or other chlorophyll containing grasses, baking soda, finely divided paper, wood flour, sawdust and mixtures thereof; (c) a member of the group consisting of Portland cement and plaster of Paris; (d) a binder of the group consisting of starches, gum, glues and mixtures thereof; (e) a density control agent; the ingredients being in amounts selected to provide required density, strength and water absorbent properties to said material.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
13 words
The material of claim 14 wherein the density control agent is said limestone.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
27 words
The absorbent material according to claim 3, 14 or 5 wherein a surfactant is present in an amount of 0.01 to 3% by weight of total composition.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
28 words
The absorbent material of claim 3, 14 or 5 wherein a surfactant is present and is of the group consisting of sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate and polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
85 words
A dried agglomerated biodegradable absorbent material for use as a cat litter comprising sand in an amount of 70% by weight of composition, 5% by weight dried alfalfa and 10% by weight finely divided paper based on total composition, limestone in an amount of 10% by weight of composition, Portland cement in an amount of 3% by weight of composition, starch in an amount of 2% by weight of composition and as surfactant, sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate in an amount of 0.01% by weight of total composition.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
85 words
A dried agglomerated biodegradable absorbent material for use as a cat litter comprising sand in an amount of 70% by weight of composition, 5% by weight dried alfalfa and 10% by weight finely divided paper based on total composition, limestone in an amount of 10% by weight of composition, Portland cement in an amount of 3% by weight of composition, starch in an amount of 2% by weight of composition and as surfactant, sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate in an amount of 0.01% by weight of total composition.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
72 words
A dried aggomerated biodegradable absorbent material for use as a cat litter comprising sand in an amount of about 70% by weight of composition, 5% by weight of peat moss, 10% by weight finely divided paper, gypsum in an amount of 10% by weight, Portland cement in an amount of 3% by weight, starch in an amount of 2% by weight and 0.01% by weight of surfactant, all by weight of composition.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
72 words
A dried aggomerated biodegradable absorbent material for use as a cat litter comprising sand in an amount of about 70% by weight of composition, 5% by weight of peat moss, 10% by weight finely divided paper, gypsum in an amount of 10% by weight, Portland cement in an amount of 3% by weight, starch in an amount of 2% by weight and 0.01% by weight of surfactant, all by weight of composition.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1990-06-29 | 1990-12-29 | 1991-06-30 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1994-06-29 | 1994-12-29 | 1995-06-30 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1998-06-29 | 1998-12-29 | 1999-06-30 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |