US4157696A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Animal litter pellets
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1977-08-31
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Granted: 1979-06-12
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Expires: 1997-08-31
Abstract
Abstract An animal waste liquid absorbent and deodorizing composition for use as an animal litter. It is a mixture of flyash and a particulate flow channeling means particularly cellulosic fibrous material produced by paper-making processes but also including other cellulosic fibers, inorganic particles and powdered agricultural wastes, such as various pulpy materials. The mixture is compressed into pellets having a major dimension greater than the dimension of each particle forming the particulate flow channeling means. The pellets are formed with discrete paths within each pellet. These paths are formed from particles of the particulate flow channeling means which on contact with animal waste liquid permit quick liquid movement between the pellet surface and the interior of the pellet to achieve penetration below the surface of the pellet and simultaneously direct the liquid into effective contact with the flyash substantially throughout the pellet. There results a more rapid deodorization and dehydration of the animal waste liquid. The method of deodorizing and dehydrating animal waste liquid from excrement and excretion comprising: mixing up to 95 parts of flyash to each part of a particulate liquid flow channeling means for an animal waste liquid; substantially coating the particulate flow channeling means with flyash and compressing the mixture into pellets, each having a major dimension greater than the dimension of each particle forming the particular flow channeling means; forming a plurality of discrete paths within each pellet to permit and promote quick liquid movement between the surface of the pellet and the interior of the pellet; thereafter positioning the pellets to receive animal waste liquid and absorbing the animal waste liquid by capillary action through paths below the surface of the pellet and into effective contact with the flyash within the pellet to deodorize and dehydrate the animal waste liquid.
Inventors
- 👤 George Carlberg
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 08:23
CPC Classifications
A; A01; A01K; A01K1/00; A01K1/015; A01K1/0152; A01K1/0155; A01K1/0154
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim
161 words
A liquid absorbent and deodorizing composition for use as an animal litter comprising a mixture of: a. flyash and, b. a particulate liquid flow channeling means in an amount by weight of at least 5% of the total weight of the mixture, said particulate means being selected from the group consisting of fibrous material, clays, vermiculite, perlite and powdered agricultural waste, said mixture being compressed into pellets having a major dimension greater than the dimension of each particle forming the particulate flow channeling means, and a plurality of discrete paths being formed within each pellet from said particulate flow channeling means to permit on contact with an animal waste liquid a liquid communication between the pellet surface and the interior of the pellet to achieve quick liquid penetration below the surface of the pellet and to simultaneously direct said liquid into effective contact with the flyash substantially throughout the pellet for more rapid deodorization and dehydration of the animal waste liquid.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
161 words
A liquid absorbent and deodorizing composition for use as an animal litter comprising a mixture of: a. flyash and, b. a particulate liquid flow channeling means in an amount by weight of at least 5% of the total weight of the mixture, said particulate means being selected from the group consisting of fibrous material, clays, vermiculite, perlite and powdered agricultural waste, said mixture being compressed into pellets having a major dimension greater than the dimension of each particle forming the particulate flow channeling means, and a plurality of discrete paths being formed within each pellet from said particulate flow channeling means to permit on contact with an animal waste liquid a liquid communication between the pellet surface and the interior of the pellet to achieve quick liquid penetration below the surface of the pellet and to simultaneously direct said liquid into effective contact with the flyash substantially throughout the pellet for more rapid deodorization and dehydration of the animal waste liquid.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
53 words
The composition of claim 1 including said particulate flow channeling means being powdered and a substantial portion of each said powder particle being contiguous to other such particles to form said discrete paths for capillary action to draw the animal waste liquid into the interior of the pellet for contact with the flyash.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition of claim 1 including said powder particle having a dimension less than 0.3 mm.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
39 words
The composition of claim 1 including said particulate flow channeling means being substantially coated with said flyash to be within the discrete paths for the animal waste liquid being drawn into the interior of the pellet by capillary action.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 1 including the major dimension of the pellet being up to 12 mm.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition of claim 1 including the major dimension of the pellet being between 2 to 12 mm.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition of claim 1 including said particulate flow channeling means being a fibrous material having cellulosic fibers.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition of claim 7 including said cellulosic fibers material being produced by a paper-making process.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition of claim 7 including about 90% by weight of said fibers being less than 0.1 mm diameter.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition of claim 7 including said fibers having a length between about 0.3 mm to 10 mm.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
31 words
The composition of claim 8 including about 90% by weight of said fibers being less than 0.1 mm in diameter and having a length between about 0.3 mm to 10 mm.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
44 words
The composition of claim 8 including a portion of said cellulosic fibers extending from the surface of said pellet to the interior of said pellet to draw animal waste liquid by capillary action into the interior of the pellet for contact with the flyash.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
91 words
The composition of claim 1 including said particulate flow channeling means being a fibrous material having fibers of cellulosic origin produced by a paper-making process and about 90% by weight of said fibers being less than 0.1 mm in diameter, said fibers having a length between about 0.3 mm to 10 mm, and a portion of said cellulosic fibers extending from the surface of said pellet to the interior of said pellet to draw animal waste liquid by capillary action into the interior of the pellet for contact with the flyash.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
37 words
The composition of claim 13 including said fibrous material being substantially coated with said flyash to be within the discrete paths for the animal waste liquid being drawn into the interior of the pellet by capillary action.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
161 words
The method of deodorizing and dehydrating animal waste liquid from excrement and excretion comprising: mixing up to 95 parts of flyash to each part of a particulate liquid flow channeling means for said animal waste liquid, said particulate means being selected from the group consisting of fibrous material, clays, vermiculite, perlite and powdered agricultural waste, substantially coating said particulate flow channeling means with said flyash, compressing said mixture into pellets each having a major dimension greater than the dimension of each particle forming the particulate flow channeling means, forming a plurality of discrete paths within each pellet to permit and promote liquid communication between the surface of the pellet and the interior of the pellet, providing said pellets to receive animal waste liquid, absorbing said animal waste liquid by capillary action through said paths below the surface of the pellet and into effective contact with the flyash within the pellet effectively and efficiently to deodorize and dehydrate the animal waste liquid.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
161 words
The method of deodorizing and dehydrating animal waste liquid from excrement and excretion comprising: mixing up to 95 parts of flyash to each part of a particulate liquid flow channeling means for said animal waste liquid, said particulate means being selected from the group consisting of fibrous material, clays, vermiculite, perlite and powdered agricultural waste, substantially coating said particulate flow channeling means with said flyash, compressing said mixture into pellets each having a major dimension greater than the dimension of each particle forming the particulate flow channeling means, forming a plurality of discrete paths within each pellet to permit and promote liquid communication between the surface of the pellet and the interior of the pellet, providing said pellets to receive animal waste liquid, absorbing said animal waste liquid by capillary action through said paths below the surface of the pellet and into effective contact with the flyash within the pellet effectively and efficiently to deodorize and dehydrate the animal waste liquid.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 15 including said particulate flow controlling means being a fibrous material having fibers of cellulosic origin.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 16 including said cellulosic fibrous material being produced by a paper-making process.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 16 including about 90% by weight of said fibers being less than 0.1 mm in diameter.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 16 including said fibers having a length between about 0.3 mm to 10 mm.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method of claim 17 including about 90% by weight of said fibers being less than 0.1 mm in diameter and having a length between about 0.3 mm to 10 mm.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-06-11 | 1982-12-11 | 1983-06-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-06-11 | 1986-12-11 | 1987-06-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-06-11 | 1990-12-11 | 1991-06-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |