Patent US4640693A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4640693A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Coated silicon nitride cutting tool and process for making
Assignee: Valenite LLC
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Filing: 1985-04-15
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Granted: 1987-02-03
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Expires: 2005-04-15
Abstract
Abstract A coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool comprises a substrate having a major portion by volume silicon nitride, a coating of refractory material thereon, and an interfacial layer intermediate between the substrate and the layer of refractory material. The interfacial layer comprises a refractory metal chemically reacted to form a reaction bonded refractory metal nitride for enhancing the adherence of the layer of refractory metal material to the substrate. The interfacial layer is provided by reacting a refractory metal halide with the surface to form a reaction bonded refractory metal nitride.
Inventors
- 👤 Deepak G. Bhat
- 👤 Dhirajlal C. Shah
- 👤 John R. Kyle
- 👤 Paul F. Woerner
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-07 07:22
CPC Classifications
C; C04; C04B; C04B41/00; C04B41/009; B; B23; B23B; B23B27/00; B23B27/14; B23B27/148; C04B35/00; C04B35/515; C04B35/58; C04B35/584; C04B41/45; C04B41/52; C04B41/80; C04B41/81; C04B41/89
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 42
Claim 1
Independent Claim
68 words
A coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool comprising a substrate comprising a major portion by volume of silicon nitride, a layer of refractory material, and an interfacial layer intermediate said substrate and said layer of refractory material, said interfacial layer comprising a refractory metal chemically reacted to form a reaction bonded refractory metal nitride for enhancing the adherence of said layer of refractory metal material to said substrate.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
68 words
A coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool comprising a substrate comprising a major portion by volume of silicon nitride, a layer of refractory material, and an interfacial layer intermediate said substrate and said layer of refractory material, said interfacial layer comprising a refractory metal chemically reacted to form a reaction bonded refractory metal nitride for enhancing the adherence of said layer of refractory metal material to said substrate.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
A coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 1 wherein said refractory metal nitride is titanium nitride.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
42 words
A coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 2 wherein said layer of refractory material is selected from the group consisting of refractory metal oxides, refractory metal carbides, refractory metal nitrides, or refractory metal carbonitrides and combinations of the above.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
34 words
A coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 3 wherein said layer of refractory material is selected from the group consisting of refractory metal carbides, refractory metal nitrides or refractory metal carbonitrides.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
17 words
A coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 4 wherein said refractory metal is titanium.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
53 words
A coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 2 wherein said substrate comprises a silicon nitride phase and a matrix phase including a densification aid selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, yttrium oxide, hafnium oxide, zirconium oxide, the lanthanide rare earth oxides, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
23 words
A coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 6 wherein at least a portion of said silicon nitride is beta-silicon nitride.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
31 words
A coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 7 wherein said substrate is prepared by hot pressing, hot isostatic pressing, cold pressing followed by sintering, or over pressure sintering.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
37 words
A coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 8 wherein said layer of refractory material is selected from the group consisting of refractory metal oxides, refractory metal carbides, refractory metal nitrides or refractory metal carbonitrides.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
34 words
A coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 9 wherein said layer of refractory material is selected from the group consisting of refractory metal carbides, refractory metal nitrides or refractory metal carbonitrides.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
17 words
A coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 10 wherein said refractory metal is titanium.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
25 words
A coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 7 wherein said substrate comprises an addition phase comprising particles of a hard refractory material.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
37 words
A coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 12 wherein said layer of refractory material is selected from the group consisting of refractory metal oxides, refractory metal carbides, refractory metal nitrides or refractory metal carbonitrides.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
34 words
A coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 13 wherein said layer of refractory material is selected from the group consisting of refractory metal carbides, refractory metal nitrides or refractory metal carbonitrides.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
17 words
A coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 14 wherein said refractory metal is titanium.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
23 words
A coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 12 wherein said additional phase or said matrix phase includes reaction enhancing materials.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
26 words
A coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 16 wherein said reaction enhancing materials tend to catalyze the formation of said refractory metal nitride.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
37 words
A coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 17 wherein said layer of refractory material is selected from the group consisting of refractory metal oxides, refractory metal carbides, refractory metal nitrides or refractory metal carbonitrides.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
34 words
A coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 18 wherein said layer of refractory material is selected from the group consisting of refractory metal carbides, refractory metal nitrides or refractory metal carbonitrides.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
17 words
A coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 19 wherein said refractory metal is titanium.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
89 words
A process for producing a ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool coated with a refractory material comprising reacting a refractory metal halide with a surface portion of a substrate comprising a major portion by volume silicon nitride to form an interfacial layer comprising a refractory metal chemically reacted to form a reaction bonded refractory metal nitride directly adjacent said substrate for enhancing the adherence of said refractory metal material to said substrate, said formation of said interfacial layer being carried out prior to forming said coating of said refractory material.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
89 words
A process for producing a ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool coated with a refractory material comprising reacting a refractory metal halide with a surface portion of a substrate comprising a major portion by volume silicon nitride to form an interfacial layer comprising a refractory metal chemically reacted to form a reaction bonded refractory metal nitride directly adjacent said substrate for enhancing the adherence of said refractory metal material to said substrate, said formation of said interfacial layer being carried out prior to forming said coating of said refractory material.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process for producing a coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 21 wherein said refractory metal halide is titanium halide.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
41 words
A process for producing a coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 22 wherein said layer of refractory material is selected from the group consisting of refractory metal oxides, refractory metal carbides, refractory metal nitrides or refractory metal carbonitrides.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
29 words
A process for producing a coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 23 wherein said layer of refractory metal carbides, refractory metal nitrides or refractory metal carbonitrides.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process for producing a coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 24 wherein said refractory metal is titanium.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
57 words
A process for producing a coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 22 wherein said substrate comprises a silicon nitride phase and a matrix phase including a densification aid selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, yttrium oxide, hafnium oxide, zirconium oxide, the lanthanide rare earth oxides, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process for producing a coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 26 wherein at least a portion of said silicon nitride is beta-silicon nitride.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
34 words
A process for producing a coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 27 wherein said substrate is prepared by hot pressing, hot isostatic pressing, cold pressing followed by sintering, or overpressure sintering.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
41 words
A process for producing a coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 28 wherein said layer of refractory material is selected from the group consisting of refractory metal oxides, refractory metal carbides, refractory metal nitrides or refractory metal carbonitrides.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
38 words
A process for producing a coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 29 wherein said layer of refractory material is selected from the group consisting of refractory metal carbides, refractory metal nitrides or refractory metal carbonitrides.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process for producing a coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 30 wherein said refractory metal is titanium.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
29 words
A process for producing a coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 27 wherein said substrate comprises an addition phase comprising particles of a hard refractory material.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
41 words
A process for producing a coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 32 wherein said layer of refractory material is selected from the group consisting of refractory metal oxides, refractory metal carbides, refractory metal nitrides or refractory metal carbonitrides.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
38 words
A process for producing a coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 33 wherein said layer of refractory material is selected from the group consisting of refractory metal carbides, refractory metal nitrides or refractory metal carbonitrides.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process for producing a coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 34 wherein said refractory metal is titanium.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process for producing a coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 32 wherein said additional phase or said matrix phase includes reaction enhancing materials.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process for producing a coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 36 wherein said reaction enhancing materials tend to catalyze the formation of said refractory metal nitride.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
41 words
A process for producing a coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 37 wherein said layer of refractory material is selected from the group consisting of refractory metal oxides, refractory metal carbides, refractory metal nitrides or refractory metal carbonitrides.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
38 words
A process for producing a coated ceramic silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 38 wherein said layer of refractory material is selected from the group consisting of refractory metal carbides, refractory metal nitrides or refractory metal carbonitrides.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process for producing a coated silicon nitride cutting tool according to claim 39 wherein said refractory metal is titanium.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1990-02-02 | 1990-08-04 | 1991-02-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1994-02-02 | 1994-08-04 | 1995-02-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1998-02-02 | 1998-08-04 | 1999-02-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |