Patent US4560599A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4560599A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Assembling multilayers of polymerizable surfactant on a surface of a solid material
Assignee: Marquette University
•
Filing: 1985-01-28
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Granted: 1985-12-24
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Expires: 2005-01-28
Abstract
Abstract A method for the direct stepwise coating of a solid substrate with a polyfunctional polymerizable surfactant to provide a multilayer assembly of a plurality of oriented monolayers of polymerized surfactant on a surface of the solid substrate comprising depositing and polymerizing sequential layers of polymerizable surfactant on the substrate from a polymerization system comprising: (a) a polyfunctional polymerizable surfactant in an aqueous or other polar solvent system; and (b) a polyfunctional polymerizable surfactant in a non-polar organic solvent system and wherein the sequential coatings are alternately effected from the (a) and (b) polymerization systems and the polymerizable surfactant utilized is the same or different for each sequential coating, and multilayered surfactant coated solid substrate products produced by this method.
Inventors
- 👤 Steven L. Regen
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 17:53
CPC Classifications
B; B05; B05D; B05D1/00; B05D1/18; B05D1/185; B05D7/00; B05D7/50; B05D7/56; B82; B82Y; B82Y30/00; B82Y40/00; C; C03; C03C; C03C17/00; C03C17/34; C03C17/3405; C08; C08J; C08J7/00; C08J7/12; C08J7/16; C08J7/18; B05D2401/00; B05D2401/10; B05D2401/20; B05D2451/00; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/13; Y10T428/1352; Y10T428/1362; Y10T428/139; Y10T428/1393; Y10T428/31; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/31855; Y10T428/31909; Y10T428/31928
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 82
Claim 1
Independent Claim
98 words
A method for the stepwise coating of a solid substrate with a polyfunctional polymerizable surfactant to provide a multilayer assembly on a surface of the solid substrate comprising depositing and polymerizing sequential layers of polymerizable surfactant on said substrate or coated substrate from a polymerization system comprising: (a) a polyfunctional polymerizable surfactant in an aqueous or polar solvent system; and (b) a polyfunctional polymerizable surfactant in non-polar organic solvent system; wherein the sequential coatings are alternately effected from the (a) and (b) polymerization systems and the polymerizable surfactant utilized is the same or different for each sequential coating.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
98 words
A method for the stepwise coating of a solid substrate with a polyfunctional polymerizable surfactant to provide a multilayer assembly on a surface of the solid substrate comprising depositing and polymerizing sequential layers of polymerizable surfactant on said substrate or coated substrate from a polymerization system comprising: (a) a polyfunctional polymerizable surfactant in an aqueous or polar solvent system; and (b) a polyfunctional polymerizable surfactant in non-polar organic solvent system; wherein the sequential coatings are alternately effected from the (a) and (b) polymerization systems and the polymerizable surfactant utilized is the same or different for each sequential coating.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the surface of the substrate is substantially hydrophobic and the system (a) is utilized for the initial coating to form an alternate hydrophilic surface.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the substrate is substantially hydrophilic and polymerization system (b) is utilized for the initial coating to form an alternate hydrophobic surface.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 1 wherein from 3 to 5 layers are sequentially formed on a surface of the solid substrate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the polymerizing step comprises effecting the polymerization by irradiation.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 5 wherein the irradiation is U.V. radiation.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the polymerizing steps comprise effecting the polymerization by chemical polymerization means.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 7 wherein the claimed polymerization means comprise a free radical initiating compound.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the substrate is a solid organic polymer.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 9 wherein the solid organic polymer substrate is a film.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
42 words
The method of claim 9 wherein the substrate is a solid organic polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, polystyrene, copolymers of ethylene and one or more C 3 to C 8 olefin monomers and mixtures of said polymers.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the solid organic polymer substrate is a film.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 1 wherein at least one surfactant is a phospholipid.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 1 wherein at least one surfactant is selected from the group consisting of a phosphatidyl choline, a phosphate ester and an ammonium phosphate.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 1 wherein at least one surfactant is a phospholipid and at least two polymerizable groups are present in separate acid moieties of said phospholipid.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 1 wherein at least one surfactant is a phosphatidylcholine.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 9 wherein at least one surfactant is a phosphatidylcholine.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 15 wherein the phosphatidylcholine is selected from those having the formulae: ##STR11##
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 1 wherein at least one surfactant is a phosphate ester.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 19 wherein the phosphate ester has the formula: ##STR12##
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 1 wherein at least one surfactant is an ammonium phosphate.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 21 wherein the ammonium phosphate has the formula: ##STR13##
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 1 wherein at least one surfactant deposited on the substrate or the coated substrate is dispersed in an aqueous solvent system.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 11 wherein at least one surfactant deposited on the substrate or the coated substrate is dispersed in an aqueous solvent system.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the non-polar organic solvent system comprises a mixture of a major amount of n-hexadecane and a minor amount of chloroform.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 25 wherein the n-hexadecane and chloroform solvent mixture is in a ratio of n-hexadecane to chloroform of about 100:1.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said layers provide alternate hydrophilic and hydrophobic surface characteristics to the substrate.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 1 wherein successive coating layers are applied until a prescribed structural surface characteristics for the multilayer assembly is attained.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 14 wherein successive coating layers are applied until a prescribed structural surface characteristic for the multilayer assembly is attained.
Claim 31
Independent Claim
149 words
A method for the stepwise coating of a hydrophobic solid substrate with a polyfunctional polymerizable surfactant to provide a multilayer assembly on a surface of the hydrophobic solid substrate comprising the steps of: (a) depositing a polyfunctional polymerizable surfactant in an aqueous solution on a surface or a coated surface of the hydrophobic solid substrate; (b) polymerizing the surfactant deposited in step (a) to form a coating comprising a hydrophilic layer of polymerized surfactant on the surface of the solid substrate; (c) depositing a polyfunctional polymerizable surfactant in a non-polar solvent systwem on the coated hydrophilic surface of the solid substrate of step (b) wherein said surfactant may be the same or different from the surfactant of step (a); (d) polymerizing the surfactant deposited in step (c) to form an additional coating on the substrate comprising a hydrophobic layer of polymerized surfactant on the surface of the solid substrate.
Claim 32
Independent Claim
149 words
A method for the stepwise coating of a hydrophobic solid substrate with a polyfunctional polymerizable surfactant to provide a multilayer assembly on a surface of the hydrophobic solid substrate comprising the steps of: (a) depositing a polyfunctional polymerizable surfactant in an aqueous solution on a surface or a coated surface of the hydrophobic solid substrate; (b) polymerizing the surfactant deposited in step (a) to form a coating comprising a hydrophilic layer of polymerized surfactant on the surface of the solid substrate; (c) depositing a polyfunctional polymerizable surfactant in a non-polar solvent systwem on the coated hydrophilic surface of the solid substrate of step (b) wherein said surfactant may be the same or different from the surfactant of step (a); (d) polymerizing the surfactant deposited in step (c) to form an additional coating on the substrate comprising a hydrophobic layer of polymerized surfactant on the surface of the solid substrate.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 30 wherein at least one polymerizable surfactant is a phospholipid.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 30 wherein the polymerizable surfactant is a phosphatidylcholine.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 30 wherein the non-polar solvent system comprises a mixture of n-hexadecane and chloroform.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 30 wherein the hydrophobic solid substrate is an organic polymer film.
Claim 37
Independent Claim
165 words
A method for the stepwise coating of a solid organic polymer substrate with a polyfunctional polymerizable surfactant to provide a multilayer assembly on a surface of the polymer substrate comprising the steps of: (a) depositing a polymerizable surfactant in an aqueous solution on a surface of the polymer substrate; (b) polymerizing the surfactant deposited in step (a) to form a coating comprising a hydrophilic layer of polymerized surfactant on the surface of the polymer substrate; (c) depositing a polymerizable surfactant in a non-polar solvent system on the coated-hydrophilic layer of the polymer substrate of step (b); (d) polymerizing the surfactant deposited in step (c) to form an additional coating comprising a hydrophobic layer of polymerized surfactant on the surface of the polymer substrate; wherein the polyfunctional surfactant used in any of sequential steps (a) or (c) is the same or different and is a polyfunctional phospholipid having at least two polymerizable groups in separate acid moieties and the solid organic polymer substrate is a polyolefin.
Claim 38
Independent Claim
165 words
A method for the stepwise coating of a solid organic polymer substrate with a polyfunctional polymerizable surfactant to provide a multilayer assembly on a surface of the polymer substrate comprising the steps of: (a) depositing a polymerizable surfactant in an aqueous solution on a surface of the polymer substrate; (b) polymerizing the surfactant deposited in step (a) to form a coating comprising a hydrophilic layer of polymerized surfactant on the surface of the polymer substrate; (c) depositing a polymerizable surfactant in a non-polar solvent system on the coated-hydrophilic layer of the polymer substrate of step (b); (d) polymerizing the surfactant deposited in step (c) to form an additional coating comprising a hydrophobic layer of polymerized surfactant on the surface of the polymer substrate; wherein the polyfunctional surfactant used in any of sequential steps (a) or (c) is the same or different and is a polyfunctional phospholipid having at least two polymerizable groups in separate acid moieties and the solid organic polymer substrate is a polyolefin.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 35 wherein the solid organic polymer substrate is in strip or film form.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 35 wherein at least one polymerizing step is effected by irradiation.
Claim 41
Independent Claim
150 words
A method for the stepwise coating of low density polyethylene film with a polyfunctional polymerizable surfactant to provide a multilayer assembly on a surface of the polymer substrate comprising the steps of: (a) depositing a polymerizable surfactant in an aqueous solution on a surface of the polyethylene film; (b) polymerizing the surfactant deposited in step (a) to form a coating comprising a hydrophilic layer of polymerized surfactant on the surface of the polyethylene film; (c) depositing a polymerizable surfactant in a non-polar solvent system on the coated-hydrophilic layer of the polyethylene film of step (b); (d) polymerizing the surfactant deposited in step (c) to form an additional coating comprising a hydrophobic layer of polymerized surfactant on the surface of the polyethylene film; wherein the polyfunctional polymerizable surfactant used in any of sequential steps (a) or (c) is the same or different and is selected from the group consisting of: ##STR14##
Claim 42
Independent Claim
150 words
A method for the stepwise coating of low density polyethylene film with a polyfunctional polymerizable surfactant to provide a multilayer assembly on a surface of the polymer substrate comprising the steps of: (a) depositing a polymerizable surfactant in an aqueous solution on a surface of the polyethylene film; (b) polymerizing the surfactant deposited in step (a) to form a coating comprising a hydrophilic layer of polymerized surfactant on the surface of the polyethylene film; (c) depositing a polymerizable surfactant in a non-polar solvent system on the coated-hydrophilic layer of the polyethylene film of step (b); (d) polymerizing the surfactant deposited in step (c) to form an additional coating comprising a hydrophobic layer of polymerized surfactant on the surface of the polyethylene film; wherein the polyfunctional polymerizable surfactant used in any of sequential steps (a) or (c) is the same or different and is selected from the group consisting of: ##STR14##
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 35 wherein at least one polymerizing step is effected by irradiation.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
13 words
The multilayer surfactant coated solid substrate producted by the method of claim 1.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
13 words
The multilayer surfactant coated solid substrate produced by the method of claim 4.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
13 words
The multilayered surfactant coated solid material produced by the method of claim 10.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
13 words
The multilayered surfactant coated solid material produced by the method of claim 14.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
13 words
The multilayered surfactant coated solid material produced by the method of claim 18.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
13 words
The multilayered surfactant coated solid material produced by the method of claim 22.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
13 words
The multilayered surfactant coated solid material produced by the method of claim 22.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
13 words
The multilayered surfactant coated solid material produced by the method of claim 27.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
13 words
The multilayered surfactant coated solid material produced by the method of claim 29.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
13 words
The multilayered surfactant coated polymer substrate produced by the method of claim 35.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
13 words
The multilayered surfactant coated polymer substrate produced by the method of claim 38.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 9 wherein the solid organic polymer is a polyolefin.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
37 words
The method of claim 35 wherein said polyolefin is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, polystyrene, copolymers of ethylene and one or more C 3 to C 8 olefins, and mixtures of such polymers.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 1 wherein at least one surface of said solid substrate is at least partially coated with the coatings of polymerized surfactant.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 1 wherein each successive coating is superimposed on the preceding coating.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
10 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate is glass.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 55 wherein the substrate is silanated glass.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the substrate is metal or graphite.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
19 words
A multilayered surfactant coated solid substrate prepared as in claim 1 having a patterned coating of polymerized surfactant thereon.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
22 words
A multilayered surfactant coated solid substrate as in claim 58 in which said patterned coating is in the form of a photoresist.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
29 words
An isolated surfaced article having deposited on some or all of the isolated surfaces thereof a multilayer assembly formed from a plurality of polymerized oriented monolayers of polymerizable surfactant.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
29 words
An isolated surfaced article having deposited on some or all of the isolated surfaces thereof a multilayer assembly formed from a plurality of polymerized oriented monolayers of polymerizable surfactant.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
16 words
An isolated surfaced article as in claim 60 which is in the form of a tube.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
13 words
An isolated surfaced article as in claim 61 which has a webbed surface.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
13 words
An isolated surfaced article as in claim 62 which has a woven construction.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
13 words
An isolated surfaced article as in claim 62 which has a non-woven construction.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
15 words
An isolated surfaced article as in claim 60 which is a fine particle sized material.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
11 words
An isolated surfaced article as in claim 60 which is porous.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
14 words
An isolated surfaced article as in claim 60 which is a rough surfaced material.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
16 words
An isolated surfaced article as in claim 60 having a patterned coating of polymerized surfactant thereon.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
20 words
An isolated surfaced article as in claim 68 in which said patterned coating is in the form of a photoresist.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
20 words
An isolated surfaced article as in claim 68 in which a patterned coating is applied to a non-linear optical element.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
19 words
A substrate having directly deposited thereon a multilayer assembly formed from a plurality of oriented monolayers of polymerized surfactant.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
19 words
A substrate having directly deposited thereon a multilayer assembly formed from a plurality of oriented monolayers of polymerized surfactant.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
9 words
A substrate as in claim 71 which is planar.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
13 words
A substrate as in claim 71 which has one or more isolated surfaces.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
15 words
A substrate as in claim 71 having a patterned coating of polymerized surfactant applied thereto.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
18 words
A substrate as in claim 71 in which said patterned coating is in the form of a photoresist.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
18 words
A substrate as in claim 75 in which said patterned coating is applied to a non-linear optical element.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
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| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-12-23 | 1989-06-24 | 1989-12-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-12-23 | 1993-06-24 | 1993-12-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-12-23 | 1997-06-24 | 1997-12-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |