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US4521333A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Intumescent silicates having improved stability
Assignee: 3M Co
•
Filing: 1984-05-03
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Granted: 1985-06-04
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Expires: 2004-05-03
Abstract
Abstract A fire retardant, intumescent composition is provided which comprises a mixture of alkali metal silicate, represented by the formula M 2 O:xSiO 2 in which M is the alkali metal; an oxy boron compound selected from boric acid or salts of Group I and II elements; and water; in which the weight ratio x ranges from about 1.5 to about 4, the molar ratio of boron to M is between 0.2 and 0.9, and the water comprises about 5 to 15 weight percent of the total composition. These compositions are made by mixing an alkali metal silicate sol with a borate (e.g., boric acid) to form a gel which is dried in an oven. The resulting residue is crumbled to granules. A fire retardant which is relatively insoluble and has improved stability to long term exposure to water and humidity is formed. Various parameters (e.g., the weight ratio x, the amount of water present, and the ratio of boron to sodium) can be adjusted to control the amount of intumescence retained after exposure to water and also to control the temperature of intumescence. Granules made of these compositions have many applications, including incorporation into asphalt roofing materials.
Inventors
- 👤 Joseph Graham
- 👤 Timothy J. Gennrich
- 👤 James A. Laird
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 14:17
CPC Classifications
C; C04; C04B; C04B18/00; C04B18/02; C04B18/021; C09; C09D; C09D5/00; C09D5/18; C09D5/185; C09K; C09K21/00; C09K21/02; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S428/00; Y10S428/92; Y10S428/921; Y10S521/00; Y10S521/907
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 19
Claim 1
Independent Claim
91 words
An intumescent composition comprising a miture of alkali metal silicate, represented by the formula M 2 O:xSiO 2 in which M is the alkali metal; at least one oxy boron compound selected from the group consisting of boric acid and borate salts of Group I and II elements; and water; in which the weight ratio x ranges from about 1.5 to about 4, the molar ratio of boron to M is between about 0.2 and about 0.9, and the water comprises about 5 to 15 weight percent of the total composition.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
91 words
An intumescent composition comprising a miture of alkali metal silicate, represented by the formula M 2 O:xSiO 2 in which M is the alkali metal; at least one oxy boron compound selected from the group consisting of boric acid and borate salts of Group I and II elements; and water; in which the weight ratio x ranges from about 1.5 to about 4, the molar ratio of boron to M is between about 0.2 and about 0.9, and the water comprises about 5 to 15 weight percent of the total composition.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
The intumescent composition as recited in claim 1 wherein the alkali metal silicate is selected from the group consisting of sodium silicate, potassium silicate and lithium silicate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
The intumescent composition of claim 2 wherein the alkali metal silicate is comprised of sodium silicate.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
28 words
The intumescent composition of claim 3 wherein the oxy boron compound is selected from the group consisting of boric acid, calcium metaborate, sodium borate, zinc borate, and colemanite.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
The intumescent composition of claim 4 wherein the oxy boron compound is boric acid.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
20 words
The intumescent composition of claim 4 wherein the water comprises about 5 to 10 weight percent of the total composition.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
23 words
The intumescent composition of claim 4 wherein the weight ratio of silica to Na 2 O is from about 2 to about 3.75.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
21 words
The intumescent composition of claim 7 wherein the molar ratio of boron to sodium is from about 0.4 to about 0.7.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
13 words
The intumescent composition of claim 4 which includes calcium hydroxide in the mixture.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
The intumescent composition of claim 4 to which aluminum oxide trihydrate has been added.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
29 words
The intumescent composition of claim 4 which is granulated and in which the granules are coated with a composition comprising a metal salt of a long chain fatty acid.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
54 words
The intumescent composition of claim 4 which is granulated and which is coated with a composition comprising a mixture of a halogenated organic compound which releases halogen when heated to a temperature of less than about 250° C. and an iron containing compound adapted to react with the released halogen to form iron halide.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
11 words
The intumescent composition of claim 4 which further comprises a colorant.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
20 words
A fire retardant intumescable asphaltic roofing material which has the intumescent composition of claim 1 as part of its composition.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
26 words
A sheet material comprising granules of the intumescent composition of claim 1 dispersed in a binder material which softens and chars in the presence of heat.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
13 words
The sheet material of claim 15 in which the binder material is polychloroprene.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
16 words
Polychloroprene foam rubber in which granules of the intumescent composition of claim 1 have been dispersed.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
18 words
Polychloroprene based caulk or putty in which granules of the intumescent composition of claim 1 have been dispersed.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-06-03 | 1988-12-03 | 1989-06-04 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-06-03 | 1992-12-03 | 1993-06-04 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-06-03 | 1996-12-03 | 1997-06-04 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |