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US4367163A
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Silica-clay complexes
Assignee: RESEARCH Corp A NEW YORK NOT-FOR-PROFIT CORP
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Filing: 1981-04-15
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Granted: 1983-01-04
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Expires: 2001-04-15
Abstract
Abstract A clay composition comprising silica intercalated between the interlayers of the clay.
Inventors
- 👤 Thomas J. Pinnavaia
- 👤 Max M. Mortland
- 👤 Tadashi Endo
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 11:31
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J29/00; B01J29/04; B01J29/049; B01J20/00; B01J20/02; B01J20/10; B01J20/12; B01J21/00; B01J21/16; C; C01; C01B; C01B33/00; C01B33/20; C01B33/26; C01F; C01F3/00; C01F5/00; C01G; C01G17/00; C01G49/00; C01G51/00; C01G51/80; C01G51/84; C01G53/00; C01G53/80; C01G53/84; C10; C10G; C10G11/00; C10G11/02; C10G11/04; C01P; C01P2002/00; C01P2002/08; C01P2002/70; C01P2002/72; C01P2006/00; C01P2006/12
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 31
Claim 1
Independent Claim
12 words
A clay composition, comprising: silica intercalated between the interlayers of said clay.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
12 words
A clay composition, comprising: silica intercalated between the interlayers of said clay.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composition of claim 1, wherein said clay is an expandable, swelling layer, lattice silicate clay mineral or synthetic analogue thereof.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 2, wherein said clay is smectite, or vermiculite.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 3, wherein said smectite is montmorillonite, bentonite, hectorite, beidellite, saponite, nontronite, or sauconite.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
99 words
The clay composition of claim 3, wherein said smectite has the formula: (M 8 ) IV (M' 4 ) VI O 20 (OH) 4 wherein IV indicates an ion coordinated to four other ions; VI indicates an ion coordinated to six other ions; M is at least one of Si +4 , Al +3 , Fe +3 , P +5 , B +3 , Ge +4 , and Be +2 ; and M' is at least one of Al +3 , Mg +2 , Fe +3 , Fe +2 , Ni +2 , Co +2 and Li + .
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
The composition of claim 1, wherein said silica is intercalated in said clay at the cation exchange sites within the interlayers of said clay.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
22 words
The clay composition of claim 1, wherein the interlayer spacing of said intercalated clay ranges from about 9.6 to about 12.6 A.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
23 words
The clay composition of claim 1, wherein said intercalated clay has a nitrogen BET surface area of 40 to 300 m 2 /gr.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 1, which further comprises the silica intercalated clay of claim 1 functionalized with at least one Group VIII metal.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
30 words
The composition of claim 1, which further comprises the silica intercalated clay of claim 1 functionalized with hydrogen ions, ions of at least one rare earth metal or mixtures thereof.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
33 words
A method for preparing clay intercalated with silica, comprising: exchanging at least a portion of the native metal ions of a swelling clay with complex silicon ions; and hydrolyzing said complex silicon ions.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
33 words
A method for preparing clay intercalated with silica, comprising: exchanging at least a portion of the native metal ions of a swelling clay with complex silicon ions; and hydrolyzing said complex silicon ions.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 11, wherein said complex silicon ions are Si(acetylacetonate) 3 + ions.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
46 words
The method of claim 12, wherein said native metal ions are exchanged with Si(acetylacetonate) 3 + ions by initially reacting SiX 4 , wherein X is chlorine, bromine, iodine or fluorine, with acetylacetone, and then reacting the resulting Si(acetylacetonate) 3 + complex with said swelling clay.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
48 words
The method of claim 12, wherein said native metal ions are exchanged with Si(acetylacetonate) 3 + ions by swelling said clay with acetylacetone, and then impregnating said swollen clay with SiX 4 , wherein X is as defined above, thereby forming said Si(acetylacetonate) 3 + ions in situ.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 13 or 14, wherein the native ions of said clay are at least partially exchanged with said Si(acetylacetonate) 3 + ions.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method of claim 13 or 14, wherein said exchanged complex silicon ions are hydrolyzed by contact with water at a pH of about 9.0, and the hydrolyzed product is washed with a water soluble solvent and dried in air.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
42 words
The method of claim 16, wherein residual organic material in said silica intercalated clay is removed and said clay is dried by heating said intercalated clay in the presence of an oxygen containing gas at a temperature of 100° to 600° C.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 17 wherein said intercalated clay is heated to a temperature of 500° to 550° C.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
27 words
A method for preparing clay intercalated with silica, comprising: reacting a polyhalosiloxane at the native metal ion sites of a swollen clay; and hydrolyzing said reacted polyhalosiloxane.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
27 words
A method for preparing clay intercalated with silica, comprising: reacting a polyhalosiloxane at the native metal ion sites of a swollen clay; and hydrolyzing said reacted polyhalosiloxane.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
10 words
The method of claim 19, wherein said polyhalosiloxane is polychlorosiloxane.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of claim 20, wherein said polychlorosiloxane is reacted with said clay by swelling said clay with an oxygenated organic compound and then impregnating said swollen clay with SiCl 4 , thereby forming said polychlorosiloxane in situ.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of claim 21, wherein said reacted polychlorosiloxane is hydrolyzed by contact of the clay with water, and then the hydrolyzed product is washed with a water soluble organic solvent and dried in air.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
19 words
A hydrocarbon conversion catalyst comprising the silica intercalated clay product of claim 1 admixed with a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
25 words
An adsorbent, comprising: the silica intercalated clay product of claim 1 ground into particles of a Tyler mesh size range of about 4 to 400.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
22 words
A hydrocarbon conversion catalyst, comprising: the silica intercalated clay product of claim 1 functionalized with a Group VIII metal, W or Mo.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
35 words
A hydrocarbon conversion catalyst, comprising: the silica intercalated clay of claim 5 functionalized with a cation selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, ammonium, Group IB to VIII of the Periodic Table and mixtures thereof.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
27 words
A cracking catalyst comprising: the silica intercalated clay product of claim 1 functionalized with ions selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and the rare earth elements.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
13 words
A hydrocarbon conversion catalyst comprising: the silica intercalated clay product of claim 1.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-01-03 | 1986-07-05 | 1987-01-04 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-01-03 | 1990-07-05 | 1991-01-04 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-01-03 | 1994-07-05 | 1995-01-04 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |