Patent US3703390A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
Patent US4354915A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4354915A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Low overvoltage hydrogen cathodes
Assignee: Oxytech Systems Inc
•
Filing: 1979-12-17
•
Granted: 1982-10-19
•
Expires: 1999-12-17
Abstract
Abstract A cathode for use in electrolytic processes and a process for preparing such cathodes is described. The cathode has a cathodically active surface comprising a codeposit of a first metal selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, and mixtures thereof, a leachable second metal or metal oxide preferably selected from the group consisting of molybdenum, manganese, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, indium, chromium, zinc, their oxides, and combinations thereof, and a third metal selected from the group consisting of cadmium, mercury, lead, silver, thallium, bismuth, copper and mixtures thereof. Such cathodes are prepared by initially forming a codeposit of the three metals or metal oxides, and subsequently removing at least a portion of the second metal or metal oxide from the codeposit. The second metal or metal oxide component can be conveniently removed by leaching, utilizing an alkaline solution. A substantially reduced hydrogen cathode overvoltage is obtained when the present cathodes are utilized in an electrolytic cell.
Inventors
- 👤 John Z. O. Stachurski
- 👤 Dirk Pouli
- 👤 John A. Ripa
- 👤 Gerald F. Pokrzyk
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 07:11
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25B; C25B11/00; C25B11/04; C25B11/051; C25B11/073; C25B11/091
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 21
Claim 1
Independent Claim
90 words
A cathode for use in electrochemical processes, at least part of the surface portion of said cathode comprising a codeposit of a first metal selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, and mixtures thereof, a leachable second metal or metal oxide selected from the group consisting of molybdenum, manganese, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, indium, chromium, their oxides and combinations thereof, and from about 0.5 to about 25 atomic percent of a substantially nonleachable third metal selected from the group consisting of cadmium, mercury, lead, thallium, bismuth, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
90 words
A cathode for use in electrochemical processes, at least part of the surface portion of said cathode comprising a codeposit of a first metal selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, and mixtures thereof, a leachable second metal or metal oxide selected from the group consisting of molybdenum, manganese, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, indium, chromium, their oxides and combinations thereof, and from about 0.5 to about 25 atomic percent of a substantially nonleachable third metal selected from the group consisting of cadmium, mercury, lead, thallium, bismuth, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
The cathode of claim 1 wherein the codeposit is applied as a coating to at least a portion of a substrate material.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
The cathode of claim 2 wherein substrate is a ferrous metal or an alloy thereof.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
11 words
The cathode of claim 3 wherein the ferrous metal is steel.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cathode of claim 2 wherein the substrate is titanium or an alloy thereof.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cathode of claim 2 wherein the substrate is nickel or an alloy thereof.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
19 words
The cathode of claim 2 which is provided with an intermediate protective layer between the substrate and the coating.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
12 words
The cathode of claim 7 wherein the intermediate protective layer comprises nickel.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
25 words
In an electrolytic cell comprising an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte, the improvement which comprises providing, as a cathode, the cathode of claim 2.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
93 words
An activated cathode for use in electrolytic processes, at least part of the surface portion of said cathode comprising a codeposit of a first metal selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, and mixtures thereof, and a substantially nonleachable second metal selected from the group consisting of cadmium, mercury, lead, silver, thallium, bismuth, copper, and mixtures thereof, said second metal being present in the range of from about 1 to about 10 atomic percent, the outer surface of said cathode characterized as having a roughness factor of at least about 100.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
93 words
An activated cathode for use in electrolytic processes, at least part of the surface portion of said cathode comprising a codeposit of a first metal selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, and mixtures thereof, and a substantially nonleachable second metal selected from the group consisting of cadmium, mercury, lead, silver, thallium, bismuth, copper, and mixtures thereof, said second metal being present in the range of from about 1 to about 10 atomic percent, the outer surface of said cathode characterized as having a roughness factor of at least about 100.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
22 words
The cathode of claim 10 wherein the codeposit is applied as a coating to at least a portion of a substrate material.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
17 words
The cathode of claim 10 wherein the first metal is nickel and the second metal is cadmium.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cathode of claim 10 wherein the roughness factor is at least about 1000.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
48 words
A cathode for use in electrolytic processes, at least part of the surface portion of said cathode comprising a codeposit of nickel, molybdenum or molybdenum oxide, and cadmium, said cadmium being substantially nonleachable and being present in the range of from about 0.5 to about 25 atomic percent.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
48 words
A cathode for use in electrolytic processes, at least part of the surface portion of said cathode comprising a codeposit of nickel, molybdenum or molybdenum oxide, and cadmium, said cadmium being substantially nonleachable and being present in the range of from about 0.5 to about 25 atomic percent.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
19 words
The cathode of claim 14 wherein the thickness of the coating is from about 10 to about 50 microns.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
47 words
The cathode of claim 14 wherein the molybdenum is present in the range of from about 0.5 to about 40 atomic percent, and the cadmium is present in the range of from about 1 to about 10 atomic percent, based on the three metals in the coating.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
61 words
An activated cathode for use in electrolytic processes, at least part of the surface of said cathode comprising a codeposit of nickel and cadmium, the cadmium being substantially nonleachable and being present in the range of from about 1 to about 10 atomic percent, the outer surface of said cathode characterized as having a roughness factor of at least about 100.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
61 words
An activated cathode for use in electrolytic processes, at least part of the surface of said cathode comprising a codeposit of nickel and cadmium, the cadmium being substantially nonleachable and being present in the range of from about 1 to about 10 atomic percent, the outer surface of said cathode characterized as having a roughness factor of at least about 100.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3291714A
Cited
US3350294A
Cited
GB1132833A
Cited
US3428544A
Cited
US3455798A
Cited
US4080278A
Cited
US4033837A
Cited
US4105531A
Cited
DE2807054A1
Cited
US4255247A
Cited
EP0004169A2
Cited
US4152240A
Cited
US4248679A
Cited
GB2015032A
Cited
US4221643A
Cited
US4251478A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1985-10-18 | 1986-04-19 | 1986-10-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1989-10-18 | 1990-04-19 | 1990-10-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1993-10-18 | 1994-04-19 | 1994-10-19 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |